<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>This study was conducted to examine the effects of powder sodium propionate (P-SP) and SP- loaded molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles (MIP-SP NPs) on the growth, skin mucosal immune parameters, and digestive and liver enzymes activities of African cichlid (<italic>Labidochromis lividus</italic>) fingerlings. Fish with an average weight of 500±2 mg were stocked into 12 experimental units and fed on experimental diets prepared by supplementing the basal diet (control) with MIP NPs, P-SP (5 g SP kg<sup>−1</sup> of dry diet), and MIP-SP NPs for 8 weeks. The findings demonstrated that growth indices improved in the MIP-SP NPs followed by the P-SP dietary group compared to the control groups (P&lt;0.05). The activity of digestive enzymes of lipase, trypsin, protease, and alkaline phosphatase was higher in the fish fed SP-supplemented diets than in the controls (P&lt;0.05). The protease and lipase activities in the MIP-SP NPs dietary group increased by 29.33% and 48.81% compared to the control, respectively (P&lt;0.05). In addition, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of liver tissue decreased in the SP dietary groups, while the catalase (CAT ), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels increased compared to the control groups (P&lt;0.05). The highest SOD and ALP levels were observed in the fish fed on the MIP-SP NPs-supplemented diet (P&lt;0.05). Furthermore, the skin mucosal immune indices, including alternative hemolytic complement activity (ACH50), lysozyme, and total immunoglobulin (Ig) levels increased in the MIP-SP NPs and P-SP dietary groups compared to the controls (P&lt;0.05). The findings indicated that sodium propionate encapsulated in molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles could enhance the efficiency of dietary SP in African cichlid fish.</p>
</abstract>

This study was conducted to examine the effects of powder sodium propionate (P-SP) and SP- loaded molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles (MIP-SP NPs) on the growth, skin mucosal immune parameters, and digestive and liver enzymes activities of African cichlid (Labidochromis lividus) fingerlings. Fish with an average weight of 500±2 mg were stocked into 12 experimental units and fed on experimental diets prepared by supplementing the basal diet (control) with MIP NPs, P-SP (5 g SP kg−1 of dry diet), and MIP-SP NPs for 8 weeks. The findings demonstrated that growth indices improved in the MIP-SP NPs followed by the P-SP dietary group compared to the control groups (P<0.05). The activity of digestive enzymes of lipase, trypsin, protease, and alkaline phosphatase was higher in the fish fed SP-supplemented diets than in the controls (P<0.05). The protease and lipase activities in the MIP-SP NPs dietary group increased by 29.33% and 48.81% compared to the control, respectively (P<0.05). In addition, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of liver tissue decreased in the SP dietary groups, while the catalase (CAT ), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels increased compared to the control groups (P<0.05). The highest SOD and ALP levels were observed in the fish fed on the MIP-SP NPs-supplemented diet (P<0.05). Furthermore, the skin mucosal immune indices, including alternative hemolytic complement activity (ACH50), lysozyme, and total immunoglobulin (Ig) levels increased in the MIP-SP NPs and P-SP dietary groups compared to the controls (P<0.05). The findings indicated that sodium propionate encapsulated in molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles could enhance the efficiency of dietary SP in African cichlid fish.

Dietary powder and molecular imprinted polymer nanoencapsulated sodium propionate to enhance growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, antioxidant defense, and mucosal immune response in African cichlid (<italic>Labidochromis lividus</italic>) fingerlings

Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment

Annals of Animal Science

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Dietary powder and molecular imprinted polymer nanoencapsulated sodium propionate to enhance growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, antioxidant defense, and mucosal immune response in African cichlid () fingerlings

This study was conducted to examine the effects of powder sodium propionate (P-SP) and SP- loaded molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles (MIP-SP NPs)...

Dietary powder and molecular imprinted polymer nanoencapsulated sodium propionate to enhance growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, antioxidant defense, and mucosal immune response in African cichlid (Labidochromis lividus) fingerlings

Published Online: May 03, 2023

Page range: 505 - 517

Received: Apr 13, 2022

Accepted: Sep 21, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2022-0074

Keywords
organic salt, acidifier, nanoencapsulation, drug delivery, antioxidant enzyme, ornamental fish

© 2023 Mehrdad Sarkheil et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Dietary powder and molecular imprinted polymer nanoencapsulated sodium propionate to enhance growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, antioxidant defense, and mucosal immune response in African cichlid (Labidochromis lividus) fingerlings

Published Online: May 03, 2023

Page range: 505 - 517

Received: Apr 13, 2022

Accepted: Sep 21, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2022-0074

Keywordsorganic salt, acidifier, nanoencapsulation, drug delivery, antioxidant enzyme, ornamental fish

© 2023 Mehrdad Sarkheil et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
organic salt, acidifier, nanoencapsulation, drug delivery, antioxidant enzyme, ornamental fish