<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<p>In the era of big data, comparing plea leniency and plea bargaining systems can bring important insights to legal practitioners. In this paper, by studying the principle of the fuzzy K-mean clustering method, optimization using rough set theory is proposed for the problem of unclear boundaries in the fuzzy clustering process. Then, based on comparing the origins and development of the plea-leniency system and the plea-bargain system, big data analysis of the plea-leniency system cases in China and the plea-bargain cases in the United States is conducted using the fuzzy clustering method based on rough sets. The application rate of China’s plea leniency system is, on average, 49.67% lower than that of the U.S. plea bargaining system. In terms of the sentencing range, the plea leniency system is 32.73% lower than the plea bargaining system. Compared to the two, the plea leniency system is more stringent in terms of discretionary limits and standards of proof. Based on the big data analysis, the plea leniency system should expand the application area and strict leniency standards and improve the relevant subject system and evidence disclosure system. </p>
</abstract>

In the era of big data, comparing plea leniency and plea bargaining systems can bring important insights to legal practitioners. In this paper, by studying the principle of the fuzzy K-mean clustering method, optimization using rough set theory is proposed for the problem of unclear boundaries in the fuzzy clustering process. Then, based on comparing the origins and development of the plea-leniency system and the plea-bargain system, big data analysis of the plea-leniency system cases in China and the plea-bargain cases in the United States is conducted using the fuzzy clustering method based on rough sets. The application rate of China’s plea leniency system is, on average, 49.67% lower than that of the U.S. plea bargaining system. In terms of the sentencing range, the plea leniency system is 32.73% lower than the plea bargaining system. Compared to the two, the plea leniency system is more stringent in terms of discretionary limits and standards of proof. Based on the big data analysis, the plea leniency system should expand the application area and strict leniency standards and improve the relevant subject system and evidence disclosure system.

Analysis of the Plea Leniency System and Plea Bargaining System in the Era of Big Data

Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

In the era of big data, comparing plea leniency and plea bargaining systems can bring important insights to legal practitioners. In this paper, by studying the...

Analysis of the Plea Leniency System and Plea Bargaining System in the Era of Big Data

Published Online: Jul 12, 2023

Page range: -

Received: Mar 24, 2022

Accepted: Oct 25, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2023.2.00035

Keywords
Big data, Fuzzy clustering, rough set, plea leniency, Plea bargaining

© 2023 Lehua Zhu, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Analysis of the Plea Leniency System and Plea Bargaining System in the Era of Big Data

Published Online: Jul 12, 2023

Page range: -

Received: Mar 24, 2022

Accepted: Oct 25, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2023.2.00035

KeywordsBig data, Fuzzy clustering, rough set, plea leniency, Plea bargaining

© 2023 Lehua Zhu, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
Big data, Fuzzy clustering, rough set, plea leniency, Plea bargaining