<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<p>Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic infection of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by the reactivation of John Cunningham polyomavirus (JCV). Most often, this disease is observed in patients with severe immune suppression, such as those with AIDS. Cerebral toxoplasmosis results from the reactivation of a latent infection with Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular parasite. This parasitosis is relatively rare in the United States, while in some regions of Europe the seropositive population is over 90%. Similarly, to PML, cerebral toxoplasmosis develops in stages of advanced immune deficiency. Both of these opportunistic infections of the central nervous system can cause severe neurological symptoms, and their simultaneous presentation can represent a diagnostic and therapeutic problem. We present a case of a 59-year-old patient with a newly diagnosed HIV infection with manifestations of epilepsy and progressive cognitive impairment. The patient was diagnosed initially with cerebral toxoplasmosis and subsequently with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. </p>
</abstract>

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic infection of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by the reactivation of John Cunningham polyomavirus (JCV). Most often, this disease is observed in patients with severe immune suppression, such as those with AIDS. Cerebral toxoplasmosis results from the reactivation of a latent infection with Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular parasite. This parasitosis is relatively rare in the United States, while in some regions of Europe the seropositive population is over 90%. Similarly, to PML, cerebral toxoplasmosis develops in stages of advanced immune deficiency. Both of these opportunistic infections of the central nervous system can cause severe neurological symptoms, and their simultaneous presentation can represent a diagnostic and therapeutic problem. We present a case of a 59-year-old patient with a newly diagnosed HIV infection with manifestations of epilepsy and progressive cognitive impairment. The patient was diagnosed initially with cerebral toxoplasmosis and subsequently with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

A Case of Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy and Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in an HIV-Infected Patient

Department for Acquired Immune Deficiency

Acta Medica Bulgarica

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic infection of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by the reactivation of John...

A Case of Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy and Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in an HIV-Infected Patient

Published Online: Sep 29, 2023

Page range: 62 - 65

Received: May 03, 2023

Accepted: Jun 12, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amb-2023-0032

Keywords
cerebral toxoplasmosis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, AIDS, immune deficiency, survival

© 2023 N. Yancheva-Petrova et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

A Case of Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy and Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in an HIV-Infected Patient

Published Online: Sep 29, 2023

Page range: 62 - 65

Received: May 03, 2023

Accepted: Jun 12, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amb-2023-0032

Keywordscerebral toxoplasmosis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, AIDS, immune deficiency, survival

© 2023 N. Yancheva-Petrova et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
cerebral toxoplasmosis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, AIDS, immune deficiency, survival