This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Bolton CF. Neuromuscular manifestations of critical illness. Muscle Nerve. 2005; 32: 140–163.BoltonCFNeuromuscular manifestations of critical illness20053214016310.1002/mus.2030415825186Search in Google Scholar
Valentine RJ, Jefferson MA, Kohut ML, Eo H. Imoxin attenuates LPS-induced inflammation and MuRF1 expression in mouse skeletal muscle. Physiol. Rep. 2018; 6: e13941.ValentineRJJeffersonMAKohutMLEoHImoxin attenuates LPS-induced inflammation and MuRF1 expression in mouse skeletal muscle20186e1394110.14814/phy2.13941628689830548229Search in Google Scholar
Nedrebø T, Reed RK. Different serotypes of endotoxin (lipopolysaccha-ride) cause different increases in albumin extravasation in rats. Shock. 2002; 18: 138–141.NedrebøTReedRKDifferent serotypes of endotoxin (lipopolysaccha-ride) cause different increases in albumin extravasation in rats20021813814110.1097/00024382-200208000-0000812166776Search in Google Scholar
Nemzek JA, Hugunin KM, Opp MR. Modeling sepsis in the laboratory: Merging sound science with animal well-being. Comp. Med. 2008; 58: 120–128.NemzekJAHuguninKMOppMRModeling sepsis in the laboratory: Merging sound science with animal well-being200858120128Search in Google Scholar
Koyama S, Sato E, Nomura H, Kubo K, Miura M, Yamashita T, Nagai S, Izumi T. The potential of various lipopolysaccharides to release IL-8 and G-CSF. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2000; 278: L658–L666.KoyamaSSatoENomuraHKuboKMiuraMYamashitaTNagaiSIzumiTThe potential of various lipopolysaccharides to release IL-8 and G-CSF2000278L658L66610.1152/ajplung.2000.278.4.L65810749742Search in Google Scholar
Lang CH, Frost RA, Jefferson LS, Kimball SR, Vary TC. Endotoxin-induced decrease in muscle protein synthesis is associated with changes in eIF2B, eIF4E, and IGF-I. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2000; 278: E1133–E1143.LangCHFrostRAJeffersonLSKimballSRVaryTCEndotoxin-induced decrease in muscle protein synthesis is associated with changes in eIF2B, eIF4E, and IGF-I2000278E1133E114310.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.6.E113310827017Search in Google Scholar
Roth J, De Souza GE. Fever induction pathways: Evidence from responses to systemic or local cytokine formation. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 2001; 34: 301–314.RothJDe SouzaGEFever induction pathways: Evidence from responses to systemic or local cytokine formation20013430131410.1590/S0100-879X2001000300003Search in Google Scholar
Sagy M, Al-Qaqaa Y, Kim P. Definitions and pathophysiology of sepsis. Curr. Probl. Pediatr. Adolesc. Health Care. 2013; 43: 260–263.SagyMAl-QaqaaYKimPDefinitions and pathophysiology of sepsis20134326026310.1016/j.cppeds.2013.10.00124295606Search in Google Scholar
Langhans C, Weber-Carstens S, Schmidt F, Hamati J, Kny M, Zhu X, Wollersheim T, Koch S, Krebs M, Schulz H, et al. Inflammation-induced acute phase response in skeletal muscle and critical illness myopathy. PLoS. One. 2014; 9: e92048.LanghansCWeber-CarstensSSchmidtFHamatiJKnyMZhuXWollersheimTKochSKrebsMSchulzHInflammation-induced acute phase response in skeletal muscle and critical illness myopathy20149e9204810.1371/journal.pone.0092048396129724651840Search in Google Scholar
Morgan MJ, Liu ZG. Crosstalk of reactive oxygen species and NF-κB signaling. Cell Res. 2011; 21: 103–115.MorganMJLiuZGCrosstalk of reactive oxygen species and NF-κB signaling20112110311510.1038/cr.2010.178319340021187859Search in Google Scholar
Chen Y, Zhou Z, Min W. Mitochondria, oxidative stress and innate immunity. Front Physiol. 2018; 9: 1487.ChenYZhouZMinWMitochondria, oxidative stress and innate immunity20189148710.3389/fphys.2018.01487620091630405440Search in Google Scholar
Kuwahara H, Horie S, Ishikawa S, Tsuda C, Kawakami S, Noda Y, Kaneko T, Tahara S, Tachibana T, Okabe M, et al. Oxidative stress in skeletal muscle causes severe disturbance of exercise activity without muscle atrophy. Free. Radic. Biol. Med. 2010; 48: 1252–1262.KuwaharaHHorieSIshikawaSTsudaCKawakamiSNodaYKanekoTTaharaSTachibanaTOkabeMOxidative stress in skeletal muscle causes severe disturbance of exercise activity without muscle atrophy2010481252126210.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.02.01120156551Search in Google Scholar
Maestraggi Q, Lebas B, Clere-Jehl R, Ludes PO, Chamaraux-Tran TN, Schneider F, Diemunsch P, Geny B, Pottecher J. Skeletal muscle and lymphocyte mitochondrial dysfunctions in septic shock trigger ICU-acquired weakness and sepsis-induced immunoparalysis. Biomed. Res. Int. 2017; 2017: 7897325.MaestraggiQLebasBClere-JehlRLudesPOChamaraux-TranTNSchneiderFDiemunschPGenyBPottecherJSkeletal muscle and lymphocyte mitochondrial dysfunctions in septic shock trigger ICU-acquired weakness and sepsis-induced immunoparalysis20172017789732510.1155/2017/7897325544726828589148Search in Google Scholar
Muller FL, Song W, Jang YC, Liu Y, Sabia M, Richardson A, Van Remmen H. Denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy is associated with increased mitochondrial ROS production. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 2007; 293: R1159–R1168.MullerFLSongWJangYCLiuYSabiaMRichardsonAVan RemmenHDenervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy is associated with increased mitochondrial ROS production2007293R1159R116810.1152/ajpregu.00767.200617584954Search in Google Scholar
Meyer M, Pahl HL, Baeuerle PA. Regulation of the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 by redox changes. Chem. Biol. Interact. 1994; 91: 91–100.MeyerMPahlHLBaeuerlePARegulation of the transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 by redox changes1994919110010.1016/0009-2797(94)90029-98194138Search in Google Scholar
Sundaram K, Panneerselvam K. Oxidative stress and DNA single strand breaks in skeletal muscle of aged rats: Role of carnitine and lipoic acid. Biogerontology. 2006; 7: 111–118.SundaramKPanneerselvamKOxidative stress and DNA single strand breaks in skeletal muscle of aged rats: Role of carnitine and lipoic acid2006711111810.1007/s10522-006-0002-216802114Search in Google Scholar
Thoma A, Lightfoot AP. NF-kB and inflammatory cytokine signaling: Role in skeletal muscle atrophy. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2018; 1088: 267–279.ThomaALightfootAPNF-kB and inflammatory cytokine signaling: Role in skeletal muscle atrophy2018108826727910.1007/978-981-13-1435-3_1230390256Search in Google Scholar
Zhang Q, Pi J, Woods CG, Andersen ME. A systems biology perspective on Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2010; 244: 84–97.ZhangQPiJWoodsCGAndersenMEA systems biology perspective on Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response2010244849710.1016/j.taap.2009.08.018283775719716833Search in Google Scholar
Seifar F, Khalili M, Khaledyan H., Moghadam SA, Izadi A, Azimi A, Shakouri SK. α-Lipoic acid, functional fatty acid, as a novel therapeutic alternative for central nervous system diseases: A review. Nutr. Neurosci. 2019; 22: 306–316.SeifarFKhaliliMKhaledyanH.MoghadamSAIzadiAAzimiAShakouriSKα-Lipoic acid, functional fatty acid, as a novel therapeutic alternative for central nervous system diseases: A review20192230631610.1080/1028415X.2017.138675529185388Search in Google Scholar
Malińska D, Winiarska K. Kwas liponowy - charakterystyka i zastosowanie w terapii. Postep Hig. Med. Dosw. 2005; 59: 535–543.MalińskaDWiniarskaKKwas liponowy - charakterystyka i zastosowanie w terapii200559535543Search in Google Scholar
Caldow MK, Ham DJ, Chee A, Trieu J, Naim T, Stapleton DI, Swiderski KG, Lynch GS, Koopman R. Muscle-specific deletion of SOCS3 does not reduce the anabolic response to leucine in a mouse model of acute inflammation. Cytokine. 2017; 96: 274–278.CaldowMKHamDJCheeATrieuJNaimTStapletonDISwiderskiKGLynchGSKoopmanRMuscle-specific deletion of SOCS3 does not reduce the anabolic response to leucine in a mouse model of acute inflammation20179627427810.1016/j.cyto.2017.05.01628554144Search in Google Scholar
Li YP, Atkins CM, Sweatt JD, Reid MB. Mitochondria mediate tumor necrosis factor-α/NF-κB signaling in skeletal muscle myotubes. Antoxid. Redox. Signal. 1999; 1: 97–104.LiYPAtkinsCMSweattJDReidMBMitochondria mediate tumor necrosis factor-α/NF-κB signaling in skeletal muscle myotubes199919710410.1089/ars.1999.1.1-9711225736Search in Google Scholar
Supinski GS, Alimov AP, Wang L, Song XH, Callahan LA. Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 is required for cytokine-induced skeletal muscle calpain activation. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2015; 309: L614–L624.SupinskiGSAlimovAPWangLSongXHCallahanLANeutral sphingomyelinase 2 is required for cytokine-induced skeletal muscle calpain activation2015309L614L62410.1152/ajplung.00141.2015457241726138644Search in Google Scholar
Linke A, Adams V, Schulze PC, Erbs S, Gielen S, Fiehn E, Möbius-Winkler S, Schubert A, Schuler G, Hambrecht R. Antioxidative effects of exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure: Increase in radical scavenger enzyme activity in skeletal muscle. Circulation. 2005; 111: 1763–1770.LinkeAAdamsVSchulzePCErbsSGielenSFiehnEMöbius-WinklerSSchubertASchulerGHambrechtRAntioxidative effects of exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure: Increase in radical scavenger enzyme activity in skeletal muscle20051111763177010.1161/01.CIR.0000165503.08661.E515809365Search in Google Scholar
Appell HJ, Duarte JA, Soares JM. Supplementation of vitamin E may attenuate skeletal muscle immobilization atrophy. Int. J. Sports Med. 1997; 18: 157–160.AppellHJDuarteJASoaresJMSupplementation of vitamin E may attenuate skeletal muscle immobilization atrophy19971815716010.1055/s-2007-9726129187967Search in Google Scholar
Bianca RD, Wayman NS, McDonald MC, Pinto A, Sharpe MA, Cuzzocrea S, Chatterjee PK, Thiemermann C. Superoxide dismutase mimetic with catalase activity, EUK-134, attenuates the multiple organ injury and dysfunction caused by endotoxin in the rat. Med. Sci. Monit. 2002; 8: BR1–BR7.BiancaRDWaymanNSMcDonaldMCPintoASharpeMACuzzocreaSChatterjeePKThiemermannCSuperoxide dismutase mimetic with catalase activity, EUK-134, attenuates the multiple organ injury and dysfunction caused by endotoxin in the rat20028BR1BR7Search in Google Scholar
Kozakowska M, Pietraszak-Gremplewicz K, Jozkowicz A, Jozkowicz A, Dulak J. The role of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle injury and regeneration: Focus and antioxidant enzymes. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 2015; 36: 377–393.KozakowskaMPietraszak-GremplewiczKJozkowiczAJozkowiczADulakJThe role of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle injury and regeneration: Focus and antioxidant enzymes20153637739310.1007/s10974-015-9438-9476291726728750Search in Google Scholar
Min W, Bin ZW, Quan ZB, Hui ZJ, Sheng FG. The signal transduction pathway of PKC/NF-κB/c-fos may be involved in the influence of high glucose on the cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats. Cardiovasc. Diabetol. 2009; 8: 8.MinWBinZWQuanZBHuiZJShengFGThe signal transduction pathway of PKC/NF-κB/c-fos may be involved in the influence of high glucose on the cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats20098810.1186/1475-2840-8-8265244219210763Search in Google Scholar
Devasagayam TP, Tilak JC, Boloor KK, Sane KS, Ghaskadbi SS, Lele RD. Free radicals and antioxidants in human health: Current status and future prospects. J. Assoc. Physicians India. 2004; 52: 794–804.DevasagayamTPTilakJCBoloorKKSaneKSGhaskadbiSSLeleRDFree radicals and antioxidants in human health: Current status and future prospects200452794804Search in Google Scholar
Savikj M, Kostovski E, Lundell LS, Iversen PO, Massart J, Widegren U. Altered oxidative stress and antioxidant defence in skeletal muscle during the first year following spinal cord injury. Physiol. Rep. 2019; 7: e14218.SavikjMKostovskiELundellLSIversenPOMassartJWidegrenUAltered oxidative stress and antioxidant defence in skeletal muscle during the first year following spinal cord injury20197e1421810.14814/phy2.14218671223631456346Search in Google Scholar
Bhowmick S, D’Mello V, Caruso D, Abdul-Muneer PM. Traumatic brain injury-induced downregulation of Nrf2 activates inflammatory response and atopic cell death. J. Mol. Med. 2019; 97: 1627–1641.BhowmickSD’MelloVCarusoDAbdul-MuneerPMTraumatic brain injury-induced downregulation of Nrf2 activates inflammatory response and atopic cell death2019971627164110.1007/s00109-019-01851-431758217Search in Google Scholar
Yin F, Sancheti H, Cadenas E. Mitochondrial thiols in the regulation of cell death pathways. Antioxid. Redox. Signal. 2012; 17: 1714–1727.YinFSanchetiHCadenasEMitochondrial thiols in the regulation of cell death pathways2012171714172710.1089/ars.2012.4639347418422530585Search in Google Scholar
Qin Z, Reszka KJ, Fukai T, Weintraub NL. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) in vascular biology: An update on exogenous gene transfer and endogenous regulators of ecSOD. Transl. Res. 2008; 151: 68–78.QinZReszkaKJFukaiTWeintraubNLExtracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) in vascular biology: An update on exogenous gene transfer and endogenous regulators of ecSOD2008151687810.1016/j.trsl.2007.10.003423048618201674Search in Google Scholar
Gorąca A, Huk-Kolega H, Piechota A, Kleniewska P, Ciejka E, Skibska B. Lipoic acid-biological activity and therapeutic potential. Pharmaco.l Rep. 2011; 63: 849–858.GorącaAHuk-KolegaHPiechotaAKleniewskaPCiejkaESkibskaBLipoic acid-biological activity and therapeutic potential20116384985810.1016/S1734-1140(11)70600-4Search in Google Scholar
Packer L, Roy S, Sen CK. α-Lipoic acid: A metabolic antioxidant and potential redox modulator of transcription. Adv. Pharmacol. 1997; 38: 79–101.PackerLRoySSenCKα-Lipoic acid: A metabolic antioxidant and potential redox modulator of transcription1997387910110.1016/S1054-3589(08)60980-1Search in Google Scholar
Camiolo G, Tibullo D, Giallongo C, Romano A, Parrinello NL, Musumeci G, Di Rosa M, Vicario N, Brundo MV, Amenta F, et al. α-Lipoic acid reduces iron-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in a model of iron overload. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019; 20: 609.CamioloGTibulloDGiallongoCRomanoAParrinelloNLMusumeciGDi RosaMVicarioNBrundoMVAmentaFα-Lipoic acid reduces iron-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in a model of iron overload20192060910.3390/ijms20030609638729830708965Search in Google Scholar
Fei M, Xie Q, Zou Y, He R, Zhang Y, Wang J, Bo L, Li J, Deng X. Alpha-lipoic acid protects mice against concanavalin A-induced hepatitis by modulating cytokine secretion and reducing reactive oxygen species generation. Int. Immunopharmacol. 2016; 35: 53–60.FeiMXieQZouYHeRZhangYWangJBoLLiJDengXAlpha-lipoic acid protects mice against concanavalin A-induced hepatitis by modulating cytokine secretion and reducing reactive oxygen species generation201635536010.1016/j.intimp.2016.03.02327018751Search in Google Scholar
Haleagrahara N, Jackie T, Chakravarthi S, Kulur AB. Protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid against lead acetate-induced oxidative stress in the bone marrow of rats. Int. J. Pharmacol. 2011; 7: 217–227.HaleagraharaNJackieTChakravarthiSKulurABProtective effect of alpha-lipoic acid against lead acetate-induced oxidative stress in the bone marrow of rats2011721722710.3923/ijp.2011.217.227Search in Google Scholar
Zhao L, Liu Z, Jia H, Feng Z, Liu J, Li X. Lipoamide acts as an indirect antioxidant by simultaneously stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis and phase II antioxidant enzyme systems in ARPE-19 Cells. PLoS. One. 2015; 10: e0128502.ZhaoLLiuZJiaHFengZLiuJLiXLipoamide acts as an indirect antioxidant by simultaneously stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis and phase II antioxidant enzyme systems in ARPE-19 Cells201510e012850210.1371/journal.pone.0128502445264426030919Search in Google Scholar
Shen HH, Lam KK, Cheng PY, Kung CW, Chen SY, Lin PC, Chung MT, Lee YM. Alpha-lipoic acid prevents endotoxic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome induced by endotoxemia in rats. Shock. 2015; 43: 405–411.ShenHHLamKKChengPYKungCWChenSYLinPCChungMTLeeYMAlpha-lipoic acid prevents endotoxic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome induced by endotoxemia in rats20154340541110.1097/SHK.000000000000029525514429Search in Google Scholar
Cadirci E, Altunkaynak BZ, Halici Z, Odabasoglu F, Uyanik MH, Gundogdu C, Suleyman H, Halici M, Albayrak M, Unal B. Alpha-lipoic acid as a potential target for the treatment of lung injury caused by cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis model in rats. Shock. 2010; 33: 479–484.CadirciEAltunkaynakBZHaliciZOdabasogluFUyanikMHGundogduCSuleymanHHaliciMAlbayrakMUnalBAlpha-lipoic acid as a potential target for the treatment of lung injury caused by cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis model in rats20103347948410.1097/SHK.0b013e3181c3cf0e19823117Search in Google Scholar
Tian YF, He CT, Chen YT, Hsieh PS. Lipoic acid suppresses portal endotoxemia-induced steatohepatitis and pancreatic inflammation in rats. World. J. Gastroenterol. 2013; 19: 2761–2771.TianYFHeCTChenYTHsiehPSLipoic acid suppresses portal endotoxemia-induced steatohepatitis and pancreatic inflammation in rats2013192761277110.3748/wjg.v19.i18.2761365315023687413Search in Google Scholar
Goraca A, Piechota A, Huk-Kolega H. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on LPS-induced oxidative stress in the heart. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2009; 60: 61–68.GoracaAPiechotaAHuk-KolegaHEffect of alpha-lipoic acid on LPS-induced oxidative stress in the heart2009606168Search in Google Scholar
Kurhaluk N, Szarmach A, Zaitseva OV, Sliuta A, Kyriienko S, Winklewski PJ. Effects of melatonin on low-dose lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress in mouse liver, muscle, and kidney. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2018; 96: 1153–1160.KurhalukNSzarmachAZaitsevaOVSliutaAKyriienkoSWinklewskiPJEffects of melatonin on low-dose lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress in mouse liver, muscle, and kidney2018961153116010.1139/cjpp-2018-001130086243Search in Google Scholar
Steckert AV, de Castro AA, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F. Sepsis in the central nervous system and antioxidant strategies with N-acetylcysteine, vitamins and statins. Curr. Neurovasc. Res. 2014; 11: 83–90.SteckertAVde CastroAAQuevedoJDal-PizzolFSepsis in the central nervous system and antioxidant strategies with N-acetylcysteine, vitamins and statins201411839010.2174/156720261066613121111101224329483Search in Google Scholar