<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Interferons type I (IFN-I), activated following a bacterial or viral infection, play a major role in the induction and regulation of the immune system. The immune response results in viral RNA and binds to receptors such as RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) or Toll-like receptors, leading to the IFN-I signaling cascade. Thanks to its cellular function, IFN-I is widely used in therapies for such diseases as multiple sclerosis (MS) and hepatitis C disease (HCD).
MS is a neurological, autoimmune, chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). During MS, nerve cell demyelination is observed due to the myelin heaths and oligodendrocyte damage. As a result, neuronal signal and neuron communication are attenuated. The mechanism of MS is still unknown. MS therapy applies interferon-β (IFN-β). IFN-β therapy has been used since the last century, but the therapeutic mechanism of IFN-β has not been completely understood. MS can lead to four syndromes: clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS), and secondary progressive MS (SPMS).
HCD occurs as a result of infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), belonging to the <italic>Flaviviridae</italic> family. HCV is a blood-borne virus with a positive single-stranded RNA. A vaccine for HCV is not available yet. HCD can lead to liver damage or cancer. In HCD interferon-α therapy (IFN-α) is applied. As with MS, the mechanism of IFN-α therapy is not completely known.</abstract>

Interferons type I (IFN-I), activated following a bacterial or viral infection, play a major role in the induction and regulation of the immune system. The immune response results in viral RNA and binds to receptors such as RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) or Toll-like receptors, leading to the IFN-I signaling cascade. Thanks to its cellular function, IFN-I is widely used in therapies for such diseases as multiple sclerosis (MS) and hepatitis C disease (HCD).
MS is a neurological, autoimmune, chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). During MS, nerve cell demyelination is observed due to the myelin heaths and oligodendrocyte damage. As a result, neuronal signal and neuron communication are attenuated. The mechanism of MS is still unknown. MS therapy applies interferon-β (IFN-β). IFN-β therapy has been used since the last century, but the therapeutic mechanism of IFN-β has not been completely understood. MS can lead to four syndromes: clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS), and secondary progressive MS (SPMS).
HCD occurs as a result of infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), belonging to the Flaviviridae family. HCV is a blood-borne virus with a positive single-stranded RNA. A vaccine for HCV is not available yet. HCD can lead to liver damage or cancer. In HCD interferon-α therapy (IFN-α) is applied. As with MS, the mechanism of IFN-α therapy is not completely known.

Type I interferon therapies of multiple sclerosis and hepatitis C virus infection

Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Interferons type I (IFN-I), activated following a bacterial or viral infection, play a major role in the induction and regulation of the immune system. The...

Type I interferon therapies of multiple sclerosis and hepatitis C virus infection

Article Category: Review

Published Online: Oct 21, 2021

Page range: 537 - 547

Received: Nov 16, 2020

Accepted: Apr 23, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2021-0001

Keywords
interferon type I, multiple sclerosis, hepatitis C virus, MAP kinases, NF-κB, STAT

© 2021 Izabella Jasyk, Jakub Siednienko., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Type I interferon therapies of multiple sclerosis and hepatitis C virus infection

Article Category: Review

Published Online: Oct 21, 2021

Page range: 537 - 547

Received: Nov 16, 2020

Accepted: Apr 23, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2021-0001

Keywordsinterferon type I, multiple sclerosis, hepatitis C virus, MAP kinases, NF-κB, STAT

© 2021 Izabella Jasyk, Jakub Siednienko., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
interferon type I, multiple sclerosis, hepatitis C virus, MAP kinases, NF-κB, STAT