[
1. J. W. Schweitzer and N. A. Justice, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV), StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL) 2020.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
2. L. Toivonen, S. Karppinen, L. Schuez-Havupalo, T. Teros-Jaakkola, J. Mertsola, M. Waris and V. Peltola, Respiratory syncytial virus infections in children 0-24 months of age in the community, J. Infect. 80 (2020) 69–75; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2019.09.00210.1016/j.jinf.2019.09.002
]Search in Google Scholar
[
3. G. Wennergren and S. Kristjansson, Relationship between respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and future obstructive airway diseases, Eur. Respir. J. 18 (2001) 1044–1058; https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.01.0025410110.1183/09031936.01.00254101
]Search in Google Scholar
[
4. R. L. Smyth and P. J. Openshaw, Bronchiolitis, Lancet 368 (2006) 312–322; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69077-610.1016/S0140-6736(06)69077-6
]Search in Google Scholar
[
5. Y. S. Kwon, S. H. Park, M. A. Kim, H. J. Kim, J. S. Park, M. Y. Lee, C. W. Lee, S. Dauti and W. I. Choi, Risk of mortality associated with respiratory syncytial virus and influenza infection in adults, BMC Infect Dis. 17 (2017) 785; https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2897-410.1186/s12879-017-2897-4573886329262784
]Search in Google Scholar
[
6. M. Kilpelainen, E. O. Terho, H. Helenius and M. Koskenvuo, Home dampness, current allergic diseases, and respiratory infections among young adults, Thorax 56 (2001) 462–467; https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax.56.6.46210.1136/thorax.56.6.462174606611359962
]Search in Google Scholar
[
7. E. J. Carande, A. J. Pollard and S. B. Drysdale, Management of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: 2015 Survey of Members of the European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Canad. J. Infect. Dis. Med. Microbiol. 2016 (2016) 9139537; https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/913953710.1155/2016/9139537509324927840650
]Search in Google Scholar
[
8. S. Uematsu and S. Akira, Toll-like receptors and innate immunity, J. Mol. Med. (Berl). 84 (2006) 712–725; https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-006-0084-y10.1007/s00109-006-0084-y16924467
]Search in Google Scholar
[
9. E. E. To, J. Erlich, F. Liong, R. Luong, S. Liong, S. Bozinovski, H. J. Seow, J. J. O’Leary, D. A. Brooks, R. Vlahos and S. Selemidis, Intranasal and epicutaneous administration of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonists provides protection against influenza A virus-induced morbidity in mice, Sci. Reports 9 (2019) 2366; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-38864-510.1038/s41598-019-38864-5638277330787331
]Search in Google Scholar
[
10. M. S. Russell, M. Creskey, A. Muralidharan, C. Li, J. Gao, W. Chen, L. Larocque, J. R. Lavoie, A. Farnsworth, M. Rosu-Myles, A. M. Hashem, C. L. Yauk, J. Cao, G. Van Domselaar, T. Cyr and X. Li, Unveiling integrated functional pathways leading to enhanced respiratory disease associated with inactivated respiratory syncytial viral vaccine, Front. Immunol. 10 (2019) 597; https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.0059710.3389/fimmu.2019.00597644943530984178
]Search in Google Scholar
[
11. B. E. Berlioz and D. Sanghavi, Bivalirudin, StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL) 2020.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
12. K. L. Zaleski, J. A. DiNardo and V. G. Nasr, Bivalirudin for pediatric procedural anticoagulation: A narrative review, Anesth Analg. 128 (2019) 43–55; https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.000000000000283510.1213/ANE.000000000000283529461391
]Search in Google Scholar
[
13. M. Q. Nicol, Y. Ligertwood, M. N. Bacon, B. M. Dutia and A. A. Nash, A novel family of peptides with potent activity against influenza A viruses, J. Gen. Virol. 93 (2012) 980–986; https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.038679-010.1099/vir.0.038679-0
]Search in Google Scholar
[
14. C. Ezetendu, A. Jarden, M. Hamza and R. Stewart, Bivalirudin anticoagulation for an infant with hyperbilirubinemia and elevated plasma-free hemoglobin on ECMO, J. Extra Corpor. Technol. 51 (2019) 26–28.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
15. I. J. Welsby, W. L. Jones, G. Arepally, F. De Lange, K. Yoshitani, B. Phillips-Bute, H. P. Grocott, R. Becker and G. B. Mackensen, Effect of combined anticoagulation using heparin and bivalirudin on the hemostatic and inflammatory responses to cardiopulmonary bypass in the rat, Anesthesiology 106 (2007) 295–301; https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200702000-0001810.1097/00000542-200702000-00018
]Search in Google Scholar
[
16. I. Martinez, L. Lombardia, C. Herranz, B. Garcia-Barreno, O. Dominguez and J. A. Melero, Cultures of HEp-2 cells persistently infected by human respiratory syncytial virus differ in chemokine expression and resistance to apoptosis as compared to lytic infections of the same cell type, Virology 388 (2009) 31–41; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2009.03.00810.1016/j.virol.2009.03.008
]Search in Google Scholar
[
17. Y. Sun and C. B. Lopez, Respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice and detection of viral genomes in the lung using RT-qPCR, Bio. Protoc. 6 (2016) https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.181910.21769/BioProtoc.1819
]Search in Google Scholar
[
18. V. B. Le, J. G. Schneider, Y. Boergeling, F. Berri, M. Ducatez, J. L. Guerin, I. Adrian, E. Errazuriz-Cerda, S. Frasquilho, L. Antunes, B. Lina, J. C. Bordet, M. Jandrot-Perrus, S. Ludwig and B. Riteau, Platelet activation and aggregation promote lung inflammation and influenza virus pathogenesis, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 191 (2015) 804–819; https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201406-1031OC10.1164/rccm.201406-1031OC
]Search in Google Scholar
[
19. V. B. Le, B. Riteau, M. C. Alessi, C. Couture, M. Jandrot-Perrus, C. Rheaume, M. E. Hamelin and G. Boivin, Protease-activated receptor 1 inhibition protects mice against thrombin-dependent respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections, Br. J. Pharmacol. 175 (2018) 388–403; https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.14084.10.1111/bph.14084
]Search in Google Scholar
[
20. D. Gkentzi, G. Dimitriou and A. Karatza, Non-pulmonary manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus infection, J. Thorac. Dis. 10 (2018) S3815-S3818; https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2018.10.38.10.21037/jtd.2018.10.38
]Search in Google Scholar
[
21. P. M. Tiwari, E. Eroglu, S. Boyoglu-Barnum, Q. He, G. A. Willing, K. Vig, V. A. Dennis and S. R. Singh, Atomic force microscopic investigation of respiratory syncytial virus infection in HEp-2 cells, J. Microsc. 253 (2014) 31–41; https://doi.org/10.1111/jmi.1209510.1111/jmi.12095
]Search in Google Scholar
[
22. L. Ulloa, R. Serra, A. Asenjo and N. Villanueva, Interactions between cellular actin and human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), Virus Res. 53 (1998) 13–25; https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1702(97)00121-410.1016/S0168-1702(97)00121-4
]Search in Google Scholar
[
23. A. R. Alsuwaidi, A. Albawardi, S. Almarzooqi, S. Benedict, A. R. Othman, S. M. Hartwig, S. M. Varga and A. K. Souid, Respiratory syncytial virus increases lung cellular bioenergetics in neonatal C57BL/6 mice, Virology 454 (2014) 263–269; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2014.02.02810.1016/j.virol.2014.02.02824725953
]Search in Google Scholar
[
24. C. T. Esmon, The impact of the inflammatory response on coagulation, Thromb Res. 114 (2004) 321–327; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2004.06.02810.1016/j.thromres.2004.06.02815507261
]Search in Google Scholar
[
25. R. Trisolini, R. Dallari, A. Cancellieri and V. Poletti, Interstitial Lung Diseases, 1st ed., JayPee Brothers Medical Publisher, New Delhi 2012, pp. 234–235.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
26. T. T. Keller, K. F. van der Sluijs, M. D. de Kruif, V. E. Gerdes, J. C. Meijers, S. Florquin, T. van der Poll, E. C. van Gorp, D. P. Brandjes, H. R. Buller and M. Levi, Effects on coagulation and fibrinolysis induced by influenza in mice with a reduced capacity to generate activated protein C and a deficiency in plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, Circ. Res. 99 (2006) 1261–1269; https://doi.org/10.1161/01.RES.0000250834.29108.1a10.1161/01.RES.0000250834.29108.1a17068293
]Search in Google Scholar
[
27. M. van Wissen, T. T. Keller, E. C. van Gorp, V. E. Gerdes, J. C. Meijers, G. J. van Doornum, H. R. Buller and D. P. Brandjes, Acute respiratory tract infection leads to procoagulant changes in human subjects, J. Thromb Haemost. 9 (2011) 1432–1434; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04340.x10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04340.x716693521605331
]Search in Google Scholar
[
28. X. Stephenne, E. Nicastro, S. Eeckhoudt, C. Hermans, O. Nyabi, C. Lombard, M. Najimi and E. Sokal, Bivalirudin in combination with heparin to control mesenchymal cell procoagulant activity, PLoS One 7 (2012) e42819; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.004281910.1371/journal.pone.0042819341678822900053
]Search in Google Scholar
[
29. D. J. Groskreutz, M. M. Monick, L. S. Powers, T. O. Yarovinsky, D. C. Look and G. W. Hunninghake, Respiratory syncytial virus induces TLR3 protein and protein kinase R, leading to increased double-stranded RNA responsiveness in airway epithelial cells, J. Immunol. 176 (2006) 1733–1740; https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.176.3.1733.10.4049/jimmunol.176.3.173316424203
]Search in Google Scholar
[
30. J. A. Patel, Z. Jiang, N. Nakajima and M. Kunimoto, Autocrine regulation of interleukin-8 by inter-leukin-1a in respiratory syncytial virus-infected pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro, Immunology 95 (1998) 501–506; https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2567.1998.00640.x10.1046/j.1365-2567.1998.00640.x13643449893037
]Search in Google Scholar
[
31. T. Liu, N. Zang, N. Zhou, W. Li, X. Xie, Y. Deng, L. Ren, X. Long, S. Li, L. Zhou, X. Zhao, W. Tu, L. Wang, B. Tan and E. Liu, Resveratrol inhibits the TRIF-dependent pathway by upregulating sterile alpha and armadillo motif protein, contributing to anti-inflammatory effects after respiratory syncytial virus infection, J. Virol. 88 (2014) 4229–4236; https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.03637-1310.1128/JVI.03637-13399372524478430
]Search in Google Scholar
[
32. T. Kawai and S. Akira, TLR signaling, Semin. Immunol. 19 (2007) 24–32; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2006.12.00410.1016/j.smim.2006.12.00417275323
]Search in Google Scholar
[
33. J. M. Schuh, K. Blease, H. Bruhl, M. Mack and C. M. Hogaboam, Intrapulmonary targeting of RANTES/CCL5-responsive cells prevents chronic fungal asthma, Eur. J. Immunol. 33 (2003) 3080–3090; https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.20032391710.1002/eji.20032391714579276
]Search in Google Scholar
[
34. F. J. Culley, A. M. Pennycook, J. S. Tregoning, J. S. Dodd, G. Walzl, T. N. Wells, T. Hussell and P. J. M. Openshaw, Role of CCL5 (RANTES) in viral lung disease, J. Virol. 80 (2006) 8151–8157; https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00496-0610.1128/JVI.00496-06156383716873271
]Search in Google Scholar
[
35. S. Huang, W. Wei and Y. Yun, Upregulation of TLR7 and TLR3 gene expression in the lung of respiratory syncytial virus infected mice, Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 49 (2009) 239–245.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
36. N. W. Lukacs, J. J. Smit, S. Mukherjee, S. B. Morris, G. Nunez and D. M. Lindell, Respiratory virus-induced TLR7 activation controls IL-17-associated increased mucus via IL-23 regulation, J. Immunol. 185 (2010) 2231–2239; https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.100073310.4049/jimmunol.1000733300645420624950
]Search in Google Scholar
[
37. T. H. Kim and H. K. Lee, Innate immune recognition of respiratory syncytial virus infection, BMB Rep. 47 (2014) 184–191; https://doi.org/10.5483/bmbrep.2014.47.4.05010.5483/BMBRep.2014.47.4.050416388724568879
]Search in Google Scholar
[
38. F. C. M. Kirsebom, F. Kausar, R. Nuriev, S. Makris and C. Johansson, Neutrophil recruitment and activation are differentially dependent on MyD88/TRIF and MAVS signaling during RSV infection, Mucosal Immunol. 12 (2019) 1244–1255; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41385-019-0190-010.1038/s41385-019-0190-0677805531358860
]Search in Google Scholar
[
39. M. Goritzka, S. Makris, F. Kausar, L. R. Durant, C. Pereira, Y. Kumagai, F. J. Culley, M. Mack, S. Akira and C. Johansson, Alveolar macrophage-derived type I interferons orchestrate innate immunity to RSV through recruitment of antiviral monocytes, J. Exp. Med. 212 (2015) 699–714; https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.2014082510.1084/jem.20140825441933925897172
]Search in Google Scholar
[
40. V. Papayannopoulos, Neutrophil extracellular traps in immunity and disease, Nat. Rev. Immunol. 18 (2018) 134–147; https://doi.org/10.1038/nri.2017.10510.1038/nri.2017.10528990587
]Search in Google Scholar
