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Lime-Stabilized Solid-Waste Blends as Alternative Building Blocks in Construction

Jijo James
Jijo James
, 
Ayyapakam Ranganathan Gobinathan
Ayyapakam Ranganathan Gobinathan
, 
Adhimoolam Kannan Balaji
Adhimoolam Kannan Balaji
, 
Saravanan Ashwin
Saravanan Ashwin
 and 
Chinnathurai Aravind
Chinnathurai Aravind
   | Jul 20, 2023
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Published Online: Jul 20, 2023
Page range: 89 - 99
Received: Jan 31, 2022
Accepted: Feb 21, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2023-0018
Keywords
© 2023 Jijo James et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Materials Used (a) Lime (b) PG (c) SS (d) FA
Materials Used (a) Lime (b) PG (c) SS (d) FA

Figure 2.

Experimental Methodology
Experimental Methodology

Figure 3.

Strength of Lime Stabilized Solid Waste Blocks LFSPX12
Strength of Lime Stabilized Solid Waste Blocks LFSPX12

Figure 4.

Strength of Lime Stabilized Solid Waste Blocks LFSPX11
Strength of Lime Stabilized Solid Waste Blocks LFSPX11

Figure 5.

Strength of Lime Stabilized Solid Waste Blocks LFSPX21
Strength of Lime Stabilized Solid Waste Blocks LFSPX21

Figure 6.

Strength of Optimal Lime Stabilized Solid Waste Blocks
Strength of Optimal Lime Stabilized Solid Waste Blocks

Figure 7.

Variation of Strength with Lime Content for Different FA/SS Ratios
Variation of Strength with Lime Content for Different FA/SS Ratios

Figure 8.

Comparison of the Present Work With Earlier Studies (1Mashifana et al. [43], 2James et al. [25], 3Pai et al. [44])
Comparison of the Present Work With Earlier Studies (1Mashifana et al. [43], 2James et al. [25], 3Pai et al. [44])

Figure 9.

Strength of Lime-Stabilized Solid Waste Mortar Blocks
Strength of Lime-Stabilized Solid Waste Mortar Blocks

Chemical Composition of PG [20], FA (C) [21], SS [22] and Lime [23]

Compounds Composition (%)
PG FA (C) SS Lime
SiO2 1.64 40 13.81 4.73
Al2O3 1.82* 17 2.53 0.38
Fe2O3 6 28.93+ 0.08
CaO 32.0 24 36.96 81.05
MgO 0.40 5 7.46 3.22
SO3 43.6 3 DNR 2.33

Proportions of Various Solid Wastes in the Total Blend (%)

Notation Lime FA SS PG Compressive Strength (MPa)
LFSP212 1.96 29.41 58.82 9.81 2.54
LFSP412 3.85 28.85 57.69 9.61 2.12
LFSP612 5.66 28.30 56.60 9.44 1.05
LFSP211 1.96 44.12 44.12 9.80 0.84
LFSP411 3.85 43.27 43.27 9.61 2.64
LFSP611 5.66 42.45 42.45 9.44 2.18
LFSP221 1.96 58.82 29.41 9.81 3.63
LFSP421 3.85 57.69 28.85 9.61 3.94
LFSP621 5.66 56.60 28.30 9.4 4.06
LFSP212M 0.49 7.35 14.71 2.45 0.37
LFSP412M 0.96 7.21 14.42 2.41 0.43
LFSP612M 1.42 7.08 14.15 2.35 0.57
LFSP211M 0.49 11.03 11.03 2.45 0.45
LFSP411M 0.96 10.82 10.82 2.40 1.05
LFSP611M 1.42 10.61 10.61 2.36 0.51
LFSP221M 0.49 14.71 7.35 2.45 0.49
LFSP421M 0.96 14.42 7.21 2.41 0.41
LFSP621M 1.42 14.15 7.08 2.35 1.18

Proportions of Various Solid Wastes in the Present and Three Earlier Studies (%)

Study Notation Lime FA SS PG MgO Content (SS)
Present Study LFSP411 3.85 43.27 43.27 9.62 7.46
LFSP621 5.66 56.60 28.30 9.43
Mashifana et al. [43] LFSP1212* 23.33 46.67 10 20 3.53
LFSP1213* 20 40 10 30
James et al. [25] LFP11P 3.85 48.08 - 48.08 -
LFP31P 4.76 71.43 - 23.81
Pai et al. [44] LFS1314* 5.5 16.5 78 - 0.23
LFS1316* 5.0 15.0 80 -
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