Morphology of Building Development as an Element of Urban Ventialtion System
and | Aug 09, 2022
About this article
Published Online: Aug 09, 2022
Page range: 71 - 81
Received: Mar 24, 2022
Accepted: Jun 10, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0016
Keywords
© 2022 Katarzyna ZIELONKO-JUNG et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Figure 1.
![Scheme of the plan of Warsaw with aeration corridors; developed on the basis of [14]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470714071e4585e08a9d3c5/j_acee-2022-0016_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20240624T122304Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=18000&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKP25APDM2%2F20240624%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=200635574a4021aa7c5cda52ffcc8f2700d4eb19ac927b590e97a7cb511e6323)
Figure 2.
![Scheme of the ventilation tower (left) and the ventilation chimney (right); developed on the basis of [17]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470714071e4585e08a9d3c5/j_acee-2022-0016_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20240624T122304Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=18000&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKP25APDM2%2F20240624%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=5aaa89675d7fb497bc516b925625b9012c8e74e73ed075bf4f37443603df3dbe)
Figure 3.
![Plan of Cracow with aeration corridors (in blue) and a diagram of the operation of ventilation towers (circulation is marked with arrows), and the potential location of ventilation chimneys (marked with black circles); developed on the basis of [15, 17]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470714071e4585e08a9d3c5/j_acee-2022-0016_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20240624T122304Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=18000&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKP25APDM2%2F20240624%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=2e63e70bacc177cfcc8d52c25f2554d9c50975c671efb56c0ae69a83326082ed)
Figure 4.
![Scheme of operation of the smog tower in New Delhi; developed on the basis of [18]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470714071e4585e08a9d3c5/j_acee-2022-0016_fig_004.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20240624T122304Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=18000&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKP25APDM2%2F20240624%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=88fc9aa36fa2aa16821feb9b5fe54bc031455bb2369ab6e6566438befd744311)
Figure 5.
![Diagram of aeration corridors operation with hot north-westerly winds (top left) and cooler east winds (bottom left); ventilation diagram of the space between buildings (right); developed on the basis of [3]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470714071e4585e08a9d3c5/j_acee-2022-0016_fig_005.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20240624T122304Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=18000&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKP25APDM2%2F20240624%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=45bef470f0ec29e72b7678b428997e2abe5d41478eae8690f8c7a2b5aa8be7cd)
Figure 6.
![Diagram of the wind flow through the structure of quarter buildings in Jätkäsaari; developed on the basis of [3]](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/6470714071e4585e08a9d3c5/j_acee-2022-0016_fig_006.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20240624T122304Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=18000&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKP25APDM2%2F20240624%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=cc15af9b5376e0c524fbef6106d2fffc179d9c4dfc096d5599a1ddf9d4ebae89)
Spatial features and elements that influence urban ventilation processes, along with sources in the literature; a study by the authors
| Spatial feature/element | Model | Literature | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Aeration corridors (aerosani tary corridors) | Daniels, K. (1998), Błazejczyk K., Kuchcik M., Milewski P. and others (2014), Mabon L, Kondo K., Kanekiyo H., Hayabuchi Y., Yamaguchi A. (2019) | |
| 2 | Orientation of the street layout | Gandemer J. (1978), Oke T.R.(1988), Bottema M. (1993), Daniels K. (1998), Krautheim, M., Pasel, R., Pfeiffer, S.,&Schultz-Granberg, J. (2014) | |
| 3 | Compactness, formation of closed interiors | Hussain M., Lee B. E. (1980), Oke T. (1988),Bottema M. (1993), Daniels, K. (1998),Krautheim, M., Pasel, R., Pfeiffer, S.,&Schultz-Granberg, J. (2014) | |
| 4 | Building development porosity | Priyadarsini R., Wong N.H. (2005), Krautheim, M., Pasel, R., Pfeiffer, S. &Schultz-Granberg, J. (2014), Yuan C. (2018) | |
| 5 | Forms that support vertical ventilation - chimneys, towers | Priyadarsini R., Wong N.H. (2005), Flaga A., (2018), Guttikunda S, Jawahar P (2020) |
Synthesis of the analysis of 5 cities in terms of ventilation strategies that take advantage from the building development shape; C – conditions, S – solutions; a study by the authors
| City | Warsaw | Cracow | New Dehli | Masdar City | Helsinki - Jätkäsaari | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Climate | Continental humid | Continental humid | Subtropicalhumid | Desert | Continental humid |
| Area | 517 km2 | 327 km2 | 1483 km2 | 6 km2 | 0.68 km2 | |
| Population | 1.8 mln | 0.8 mln | 26 mln | 0.05 mln | 0.018 mln | |
| Erectionprocess | gradual | gradual | gradual | from scratch | from scratch | |
| Mainconcern | UHI, smog | smog, UHI | smog | UHI, smog | UHI, smog | |
| S | Corridors | + | + | - | + | - |
| Direction | - | - | - | + | + | |
| Compactness | - | - | - | + | + | |
| Porosity | - | - | - | + | + | |
| Verticalelements | - | + | + | + | - | |