<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The growing resistance of microorganisms towards antibiotics has become a serious global problem. Therapeutics with novel chemical scaffolds and/or mechanisms of action are urgently needed to combat infections caused by multidrug resistant pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. Development of novel antimicrobial agents is still highly dependent on the discovery of new natural products. At present, most antimicrobial drugs used in medicine are of natural origin. Among the natural producers of bioactive substances, Actinobacteria continue to be an important source of novel secondary metabolites for drug application. In this review, the authors report on the bioactive antimicrobial secondary metabolites of Actinobacteria that were described between 2011 and April 2018. Special attention is paid to the chemical scaffolds, biological activities and origin of these novel antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral compounds. Arenimycin C, chromopeptide lactone RSP 01, kocurin, macrolactins A1 and B1, chaxamycin D as well as anthracimycin are regarded as the most effective compounds with antibacterial activity. In turn, the highest potency among selected antifungal compounds is exhibited by enduspeptide B, neomaclafungins A-I and kribelloside D, while ahmpatinin <sup>i</sup>Bu, antimycin A1a, and pentapeptide 4862F are recognized as the strongest antiviral agents.</p></abstract>

The growing resistance of microorganisms towards antibiotics has become a serious global problem. Therapeutics with novel chemical scaffolds and/or mechanisms of action are urgently needed to combat infections caused by multidrug resistant pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. Development of novel antimicrobial agents is still highly dependent on the discovery of new natural products. At present, most antimicrobial drugs used in medicine are of natural origin. Among the natural producers of bioactive substances, Actinobacteria continue to be an important source of novel secondary metabolites for drug application. In this review, the authors report on the bioactive antimicrobial secondary metabolites of Actinobacteria that were described between 2011 and April 2018. Special attention is paid to the chemical scaffolds, biological activities and origin of these novel antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral compounds. Arenimycin C, chromopeptide lactone RSP 01, kocurin, macrolactins A1 and B1, chaxamycin D as well as anthracimycin are regarded as the most effective compounds with antibacterial activity. In turn, the highest potency among selected antifungal compounds is exhibited by enduspeptide B, neomaclafungins A-I and kribelloside D, while ahmpatinin iBu, antimycin A1a, and pentapeptide 4862F are recognized as the strongest antiviral agents.

Secondary Metabolites of Actinomycetes and their Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral Properties

Polish Journal of Microbiology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

The growing resistance of microorganisms towards antibiotics has become a serious global problem. Therapeutics with novel chemical scaffolds and/or mechanisms...

Secondary Metabolites of Actinomycetes and their Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral Properties

Article Category: mini-review

Published Online: Sep 04, 2018

Page range: 259 - 272

Received: May 25, 2018

Accepted: Jul 18, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/pjm-2018-048

Keywords
bioactive, secondary metabolites, actinomycetes, antibacterial activity, sp.

© 2018 Katarzyna Jakubiec-Krzesniak et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Secondary Metabolites of Actinomycetes and their Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral Properties

Article Category: mini-review

Published Online: Sep 04, 2018

Page range: 259 - 272

Received: May 25, 2018

Accepted: Jul 18, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/pjm-2018-048

Keywordsbioactive, secondary metabolites, actinomycetes, antibacterial activity, sp.

© 2018 Katarzyna Jakubiec-Krzesniak et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
bioactive, secondary metabolites, actinomycetes, antibacterial activity, sp.