<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Non-antibiotic medicinal products consist of drugs with diverse activity against bacteria. Many non-antibiotics demonstrate direct anti-bacterial activity against Gram-positive cocci. The activity observed against Gram-negative rods is much lower and non-antibiotics primarily from the following groups: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cardiovascular and antidepressant medicinal products demonstrate this activity. It has been shown that the low activity of some non-antibiotics or the absence of activity against Gram-negative rods is related, among other things, to the extrusion of these compounds from bacterial cells by multi-drug resistance efflux pumps. Substrates for the resistance-nodulation-division efflux systems include the following non-antibiotics: salicylate, diclofenac, ibuprofen, mefenamic acid, naproxen, amitriptyline, alendronate sodium, nicergoline, and ticlopidine. In addition, interactions between non-antibiotics and multi-drug resistance efflux pumps have been observed. It has also been revealed that depending on the concentration, salicylate induces expression of multi-drug resistance efflux pumps in <italic>Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica</italic> subsp. <italic>enterica</italic> serotype Typhimurium, and <italic>Burkholderia cenocepacia</italic>. However, salicylate does not affect the expression of the resistance-nodulation-division efflux systems in <italic>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</italic> and <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic>. Most importantly, there were no effects of medicinal products containing some non-antibiotic active substances, except salicylate, as substrates of multi-drug resistance efflux pumps, on the induction of Gram-negative rod resistance to quinolones.</p></abstract>

Non-antibiotic medicinal products consist of drugs with diverse activity against bacteria. Many non-antibiotics demonstrate direct anti-bacterial activity against Gram-positive cocci. The activity observed against Gram-negative rods is much lower and non-antibiotics primarily from the following groups: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cardiovascular and antidepressant medicinal products demonstrate this activity. It has been shown that the low activity of some non-antibiotics or the absence of activity against Gram-negative rods is related, among other things, to the extrusion of these compounds from bacterial cells by multi-drug resistance efflux pumps. Substrates for the resistance-nodulation-division efflux systems include the following non-antibiotics: salicylate, diclofenac, ibuprofen, mefenamic acid, naproxen, amitriptyline, alendronate sodium, nicergoline, and ticlopidine. In addition, interactions between non-antibiotics and multi-drug resistance efflux pumps have been observed. It has also been revealed that depending on the concentration, salicylate induces expression of multi-drug resistance efflux pumps in Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium, and Burkholderia cenocepacia. However, salicylate does not affect the expression of the resistance-nodulation-division efflux systems in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Acinetobacter baumannii. Most importantly, there were no effects of medicinal products containing some non-antibiotic active substances, except salicylate, as substrates of multi-drug resistance efflux pumps, on the induction of Gram-negative rod resistance to quinolones.

Non-antibiotics, Efflux Pumps and Drug Resistance of Gram-negative Rods

Polish Journal of Microbiology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

{"article-title":"Non-antibiotics, Efflux Pumps and Drug Resistance of Gram-negative Rods"}

Non-antibiotic medicinal products consist of drugs with diverse activity against bacteria. Many non-antibiotics demonstrate direct anti-bacterial activity...

Non-antibiotics, Efflux Pumps and Drug Resistance of Gram-negative Rods

Article Category: mini-review

Published Online: Jun 30, 2018

Page range: 129 - 135

Received: Mar 24, 2018

Accepted: Apr 04, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/pjm-2018-017

Keywords
MDR efflux pumps, antibiotic resistance, non-antibiotics

© 2018 Agnieszka Ewa Laudy published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Non-antibiotics, Efflux Pumps and Drug Resistance of Gram-negative Rods

Article Category: mini-review

Published Online: Jun 30, 2018

Page range: 129 - 135

Received: Mar 24, 2018

Accepted: Apr 04, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/pjm-2018-017

KeywordsMDR efflux pumps, antibiotic resistance, non-antibiotics

© 2018 Agnieszka Ewa Laudy published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
MDR efflux pumps, antibiotic resistance, non-antibiotics