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New insights into the identity of Discolaimium dubium Das, Khan and Loof, 1969 (Dorylaimida) as derived from its morphological and molecular characterization, with the proposal of its transference to Aporcella Andrássy, 2002

Nasir Vazifeh
Nasir Vazifeh
, 
Gholamreza Niknam
Gholamreza Niknam
, 
Habibeh Jabbari
Habibeh Jabbari
, 
Arezoo Naghavi
Arezoo Naghavi
 and 
Reyes Peña-Santiago
Reyes Peña-Santiago
   | Jan 01, 2021
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Published Online: Jan 01, 2021
Page range: 1 - 12
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-033
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© 2021 Authors, published by Sciendo.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Discolaimium dubium Das et al., 1969 from Iran. A: Neck region; B: Anterior region in lateral median view; C: Lip region in lateral surface view; D: Female entire; E: Male entire; F: Female, posterior genital branch; G: Female, posterior body region; H: Male, posterior body region; I: Spicule; J: Lateral guiding piece.
Discolaimium dubium Das et al., 1969 from Iran. A: Neck region; B: Anterior region in lateral median view; C: Lip region in lateral surface view; D: Female entire; E: Male entire; F: Female, posterior genital branch; G: Female, posterior body region; H: Male, posterior body region; I: Spicule; J: Lateral guiding piece.

Figure 2:

Discolaimium dubium Das et al., 1969 from Iran (female, LM). A: Anterior region in lateral median view; B: Lip region in lateral surface view; C: Pharyngeal expansion and pharyngo-intestinal junction; D: Posterior genital branch; E: Posterior body region; F: Entire; G: Vagina; H: Lateral chord. (Scale bars: A-E, G and H = 10 μm; F = 30 μm).
Discolaimium dubium Das et al., 1969 from Iran (female, LM). A: Anterior region in lateral median view; B: Lip region in lateral surface view; C: Pharyngeal expansion and pharyngo-intestinal junction; D: Posterior genital branch; E: Posterior body region; F: Entire; G: Vagina; H: Lateral chord. (Scale bars: A-E, G and H = 10 μm; F = 30 μm).

Figure 3:

Discolaimium dubium Das et al., 1969 from Iran (male, LM). A: Anterior region in lateral median view; B: Entire; C: Lateral chord; D: Pharyngeal expansion and pharyngo-intestinal junction; E: Spicule; F: Posterior body region. (Scale bars: A, C-F = 10 μm; B = 30 μm).
Discolaimium dubium Das et al., 1969 from Iran (male, LM). A: Anterior region in lateral median view; B: Entire; C: Lateral chord; D: Pharyngeal expansion and pharyngo-intestinal junction; E: Spicule; F: Posterior body region. (Scale bars: A, C-F = 10 μm; B = 30 μm).

Figure 4:

Phylogenetic relationships of Discolaimium dubium Das et al., 1969. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rDNA sequence alignments under the GTR + G + I model. Posterior probabilities are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences are indicated by bold letters.
Phylogenetic relationships of Discolaimium dubium Das et al., 1969. Bayesian 50% majority rule consensus tree as inferred from D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rDNA sequence alignments under the GTR + G + I model. Posterior probabilities are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences are indicated by bold letters.

Main morphometrics of Iranian material of Discolaimium dubium Das et al., 1969 and its seven close species of the genus Aporcella.

Characters
Species

n

L

a

b

c

c′

V

Lrda Odont. Neck

Ph.exp.

Prerect.

Tail

Spicul.

Ve.sup.

Geog.dis.

 		Refb
D. dubium 20♀♀ 1.10-1.39 39-49 3.5-4.7 34-43 1.6-2.0 52-58 8.0-10 7.5-10 300-350 127-159 65-109 32-38 – – Iran 1

3♂♂

 		1.20-1.40 41-48 3.5-4.1 32-42 1.6-1.9 – 9.0-9.5 9.0-9.5 331-362 156-181 700-100 34-38 30-32 2-3

A. adriaani

7♀♀ 1.23-1.49 23-30 3.5-4.1 42-58 0.8-1.1 53-57 12-15 14-16 320-380 183 63-179 21-30

South Africa

2
A. debruinae 2♀♀ 2.14-2.20 40 4.2-4.5 65-76 0.9-1.0 49-50 15-16 16 480-510 – 191 29-33 – – Botswana

2

2♂♂

 		2.12-2.23 42-43 4.4-4.8 76-93 0.8-0.9 – 16-17 14-15 460-480 – – 24-28 57-61 5

A. malekimilani

23♀♀ 1.90-2.70 32-55 4.0-5.0 41-58 1.2-1.7 55-61 14-17 14-15 476-619 300-375 105-178 44-56 – – Iran

3
A. minor 8♀♀ 1.05-1.15 27-32 3.3-3.6 33-36 1.4-1.6 58-61 11-13 12.5-14 293-325 128-144 38-55 29-33 – – Iran

3

A. talebii

13♀♀

 		1.66-2.02 27-37 3.7-4.4 37-47 1.1-1.4 52-59 15-17 14-18 412-484 209-231 55-84 40-50 – – Iran

3
A. tropica 9♀♀ 1.44-1.76 39-50 3.8-4.9 63-82 0.8-1.0 55-62 – 12-14 333-368 – – 22-24 – – India

2

9♂♂

 		1.60-1.80 44-54 4.2-4.9 60-77 1.0 – – – – – – 22-27 42-47 3-5

A. vitrinus

32♀♀

 		1.20-1.86 30-47 4.0-5.1 45-77 0.9-1.4 48-53 11-13 12-13 333-374 149-185 44-132 25-37 – –

Spain

3

♂♂

1.47

?

?

48

1.0

 		– 13

12

?

?

107

31

43

6

15♀♀

 		1.4-2.0 26-41 3.4-4.5 50-65 0.9-1.1 50-56 12-13 12-15 363-406 175-199 72-109 22-31 – – Iran

Morphometrics of Iranian material of Discolaimium dubium Das et al., 1969.

Population Sufiyan Teymourlu Qazi Jahan Total range Type
Character Female Female Female Male Female Female
n 8 6

6

3

20

25

L

1.33 ± 0.04 (1.25-1.39) 1.20 ± 0.06 (1.10-1.31) 1.20 ± 0.03 (1.10-1.30) 1.30 ± 0.08 (1.20-1.40) 1.10-1.40 1.06-1.35

a

43.0 ± 2.8 (39-48) 46.2 ± 2.2 (43-49) 44.9 ± 2.7 (41-48) 45.1 ± 2.3 (41.0-48.0) 39-49 40-49

b

3.9 ± 0.1 (3.9-4.1) 4.2 ± 0.4 (3.5-4.7) 3.9 ± 1.3 (3.8-4.1) 3.9 ± 0.3 (3.5-4.1) 3.5-4.7 3.5-4.1

c

38.0 ± 2.1 (36-43) 34.4 ± 1.3 (34.0-37.0) 38.0 ± 1.2 (37-40) 37.2 ± 3.8 (32.0-42.0) 32-43 33-39

c′

1.7 ± 0.1 (1.6-2.0) 1.8 ± 0.2 (1.8-2.0) 1.7 ± 0.04 (1.7-1.8) 1.7 ± 0.2 (1.6-1.9) 1.6-2.0 1.5-2.0

V

55.0 ± 1.5 (53-57) 54.0 ± 2.4 (52.0-58.0) 55.0 ± 0.6 (54-56) – 52-58 53-57

Lip region diam.

 		9.0 ± 0.5 (8-10) 9.0 ± 0.2 (8.5-9.5) 9.2 ± 0.2 (9.0-9.5) 9.2 ± 0.1 (9.0-9.5) 8-10 10

Odontostyle length

 		9.4 ± 0.5 (9-10) 8.3 ± 0.7 (7.5-9.5) 9.6 ± 0.1 (9.0-10.0) 9.2 ± 0.04 (9.0-9.5) 7.5-10.5 8-10

Odontophore length

 		17.0 ± 1.3 (15-19) 15.7 ± 11 (14.5-17.5) 15.4 ± 0.4 (15-16) 15.6 ± 0.3 (15.5-16) 14.5-19 12-15

Guiding ring from ant. end

 		4.5 ± 0.3 (4-5) 5.1 ± 0.2 (5.0-5.5) 5.1 ± 0.1 (5.0-5.5) 5.0 ± 0.0 (5.0) 4-5.5 ?

Neck length

 		334 ± 10 (318-343) 322 ± 24 (312-350) 318 ± 33 (300-332) 345 ± 15 (331-362) 300-362 320-354

Pharyngeal expansion length

 		156 ± 2.1 (153-159) 145 ± 12 (127-159) 139 ± 7.7 (131-147) 165 ± 14 (156-181) 127-181 ?

Body diam. at neck base

 		28.0 ± 1.4 (26-30) 26.7 ± 1.2 (25-28) 27.5 ± 0.8 (26-29) 28.3 ± 1.6 (26-30) 25-30 ?

mid-body

 		31.0 ± 1.6 (29-34) 26.7 ± 1.2 (25-29) 27.1 ± 1.4 (25-29) 29.5 ± 3.4 (26-33) 25-34 27
Anus 18.0 ± 0.9 (17-20) 18.7 ± 0.6 (17-19) 19.3 ± 0.9 (19-21) 21.0 ± 0.9 (20-22) 17-22 ?

Prerectum length

 		83 ± 15 (74-103) 85.0 ± 18.3 (65-109) 80.5 ± 7.0 (73-88) 86.0 ± 12 (70-100) 65-109

Tail length

 		34.2 ± 1.3 (34-36) 36.2 ± 1.6 (34-38) 33.3 ± 0.6 (32-34) 36.5 ± 1.2 (34-38) 32-38 34

Spicule length

 		– – – 31.0 ± 0.9 (30-32) – –

Ventromedian supplements

 		– – – (2-3) – –
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