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Mixtures of fluopyram and abamectin for management of Meloidogyne incognita in tomato

Qing-Qing Li
Qing-Qing Li
, 
Jing-Jing Li
Jing-Jing Li
, 
Qi-Tong Yu
Qi-Tong Yu
, 
Ze-Yu Shang
Ze-Yu Shang
 and 
Chao-Bin Xue
Chao-Bin Xue
   | Jan 13, 2021
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Published Online: Jan 13, 2021
Page range: 1 - 11
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2020-129
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© 2021 Qing-Qing Li et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Experiments design of the pot and field trials.
Experiments design of the pot and field trials.

Figure 2:

Control efficacy of the different treatments based on the number of M. incognita in pot trials. DAT was days after transplanting. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The abbreviations of the capital letters were the same as those in Table 2.
Control efficacy of the different treatments based on the number of M. incognita in pot trials. DAT was days after transplanting. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The abbreviations of the capital letters were the same as those in Table 2.

Figure 3:

Control efficacy of the different treatments based on the root-galling index in pot trials (60 DAT). Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The abbreviations of the capital letters were the same as those in Table 2.
Control efficacy of the different treatments based on the root-galling index in pot trials (60 DAT). Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The abbreviations of the capital letters were the same as those in Table 2.

Figure 4:

Root activity of tomato in the different treatments in pot trials. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The abbreviations of the capital letters were the same as those in Table 2.
Root activity of tomato in the different treatments in pot trials. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The abbreviations of the capital letters were the same as those in Table 2.

Figure 5:

Control efficacy of the different treatments on the root-galling index in field trials (at the end of tomato production, LW 2018 and DY 2019). LW and DY were the area of Laiwu in Jinan City and Daiyue in Tai’an City, Shandong Province, China. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The abbreviations of the capital letters were the same as those in Table 3.
Control efficacy of the different treatments on the root-galling index in field trials (at the end of tomato production, LW 2018 and DY 2019). LW and DY were the area of Laiwu in Jinan City and Daiyue in Tai’an City, Shandong Province, China. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The abbreviations of the capital letters were the same as those in Table 3.

Figure 6:

Yield of the different treatments in field trials (LW 2018 and DY 2019). LW and DY were the area of Laiwu in Jinan City and Daiyue in Tai’an City, Shandong Province, China. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The abbreviations of the capital letters were the same as those in Table 3.
Yield of the different treatments in field trials (LW 2018 and DY 2019). LW and DY were the area of Laiwu in Jinan City and Daiyue in Tai’an City, Shandong Province, China. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05). The abbreviations of the capital letters were the same as those in Table 3.

Effects of the different treatments on the physiological growth indicators of tomato in pot trials (60 DAT).

Growth rate (%)
Code Plant height Stem diameter Fresh root weight Fresh shoot weight Root length
F 17.44  ±  5.23 ab 9.84  ±  3.24 ab 28.71  ±  9.09 ab 29.51  ±  10.29 a 15.51 ± 6.38 a
A 10.62 ± 6.26 ab 3.48 ± 9.68 b 22.30 ± 4.90 b 14.34 ± 8.82 abc 11.23 ± 1.91 a
FA1 8.66 ± 4.35 b 2.50 ± 6.63 b 7.93 ± 1.77 c 8.83 ± 8.39 c 5.62 ± 5.11 a
FA2 13.51 ± 7.34 ab 6.71 ± 3.36 ab 27.57 ± 9.01 ab 24.14 ± 13.95 ab 15.51 ± 1.59 a
FA3 20.84 ± 4.71 a 14.89 ± 6.73 a 40.30 ± 4.34 a 29.78 ± 2.56 a 21.57 ± 8.34 a
Ctrl – – – – –

Toxicities of fluopyram and abamectin against second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita (48 h).

Pesticides Mass ratio of active ingredient Slope ± SE LC50 (mg/L) 95% Confidence limits (mg/L) r p χ 2 CTC
Fluopyram – 1.43 ± 0.22 2.53 1.41–4.52 0.96 0.0082 120.28 –
Abamectin – 1.56 ± 0.14 1.62 1.34–1.95 0.98 0.0017 49.69 –
Fluopyram:Abamectin 1:1 1.65 ± 0.26 0.99 0.71–1.40 0.96 0.0084 139.20 198
1:3 2.04 ± 0.40 0.78 0.50–1.24 0.95 0.0150 92.22 227
1:5 1.29 ± 0.29 0.64 0.37–1.12 0.93 0.0212 321.94 268
3:1 1.89 ± 0.18 1.99 1.64–2.42 0.98 0.0021 79.68 111
5:1 1.81 ± 0.22 3.16 2.42–4.11 0.98 0.0038 100.36 73

Control efficacy of the different treatments based on the number of Meloidogyne incognita in field soil.

Control efficacy (%)
Site/year Code Initial no. of nematodes (nematodes/100 g soil) 30 DAT 60 DAT
LW/2018 F 1780.88 ± 203.11 a 29.52 ± 1.60 b 37.31 ± 7.09 b
A 1439.19 ± 201.26 a 15.43 ± 3.76 c 29.77 ± 1.73 b
FA1 1520.80 ± 573.47 a 12.86 ± 3.04 c 17.75 ± 4.75 c
FA2 1441.61 ± 124.94 a 35.12 ± 1.89 b 53.19 ± 1.75 a
FA3 1658.66 ± 277.33 a 53.04 ± 5.27 a 58.13 ± 3.75 a
Ctrl 1638.89 ± 411.11 a – –
DY/2019 F 1288.33 ± 223.45 a 31.50 ± 1.80 b 38.67 ± 3.79 b
A 1457.41 ± 159.75 a 14.67 ± 2.51 c 30.67 ± 2.52 b
FA1 1523.16 ± 188.47 a 15.70 ± 2.25 c 22.46 ± 3.50 c
FA2 1287.33 ± 182.67 a 38.33 ± 2.30 b 52.53 ± 4.10 a
FA3 1461.12 ± 160.25 a 57.50 ± 3.61 a 59.73 ± 1.60 a
Ctrl 1314.16 ± 110.32 a – –
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