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Broad-based root-knot nematode resistance identified in cowpea gene-pool two

Arsenio D. Ndeve
Arsenio D. Ndeve
, 
William C. Matthews
William C. Matthews
, 
Jansen R. P. Santos
Jansen R. P. Santos
, 
Bao Lam Huynh
Bao Lam Huynh
 and 
Philip A. Roberts
Philip A. Roberts
   | Dec 03, 2018
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Published Online: Dec 03, 2018
Page range: 545 - 558
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2018-046
Keywords
© 2018 Arsenio D et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Root-galling response of 24 test plus control genotypes under field infestation (2012) by avirulent (Avr Mi) and virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) isolates “Beltran” and “Muller,” respectively, and aggressive M. javanica (Mj) isolate “Project 811”. Control genotypes CB27, NIL-2 and NIL-3 genes, CB50 and CB46 carry gene Rk, CB3-gg carries a root-galling resistance gene effective against Avr Mi and Mi, and CB46-Null is susceptible. Horizontal line is GI = 3 representing the cut-off between resistant and susceptible response. Bars indicate the standard error. The data are ranked by response to Mj, Mi, and Avr Mi.
Root-galling response of 24 test plus control genotypes under field infestation (2012) by avirulent (Avr Mi) and virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) isolates “Beltran” and “Muller,” respectively, and aggressive M. javanica (Mj) isolate “Project 811”. Control genotypes CB27, NIL-2 and NIL-3 genes, CB50 and CB46 carry gene Rk, CB3-gg carries a root-galling resistance gene effective against Avr Mi and Mi, and CB46-Null is susceptible. Horizontal line is GI = 3 representing the cut-off between resistant and susceptible response. Bars indicate the standard error. The data are ranked by response to Mj, Mi, and Avr Mi.

Figure 2

Root-galling response of 48 genotypes following infection by avirulent (Avr Mi) and virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) isolates “Beltran” and “Muller,” respectively, and by aggressive M. javanica (Mj) isolate “Project 811” under field infestation (2014). Control genotypes CB27, NIL-2 and NIL-3 genes, CB50 and CB46 carry gene Rk, CB3-gg carries a root-galling resistance gene effective against Avr Mi and Mi, and CB46-Null is susceptible. Horizontal line is GI = 3 representing the cut-off between resistant and susceptible response. Bars indicate the standard error. The data are ranked by response to Mj, Mi, and Avr Mi.
Root-galling response of 48 genotypes following infection by avirulent (Avr Mi) and virulent Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) isolates “Beltran” and “Muller,” respectively, and by aggressive M. javanica (Mj) isolate “Project 811” under field infestation (2014). Control genotypes CB27, NIL-2 and NIL-3 genes, CB50 and CB46 carry gene Rk, CB3-gg carries a root-galling resistance gene effective against Avr Mi and Mi, and CB46-Null is susceptible. Horizontal line is GI = 3 representing the cut-off between resistant and susceptible response. Bars indicate the standard error. The data are ranked by response to Mj, Mi, and Avr Mi.

Figure 3

Root-galling response of 48 genotypes to aggressive Meloidogyne javanica isolate “Project 811” in greenhouse inoculations. Control genotypes CB27, NIL-2 and NIL-3 genes, CB50 and CB46 carry gene Rk, CB3-gg carries a root-galling resistance gene effective against Avr Mi and Mi, and CB46-Null is susceptible. Horizontal line is GI = 3 representing the cut-off between resistant and susceptible response. Bars indicate the standard error.
Root-galling response of 48 genotypes to aggressive Meloidogyne javanica isolate “Project 811” in greenhouse inoculations. Control genotypes CB27, NIL-2 and NIL-3 genes, CB50 and CB46 carry gene Rk, CB3-gg carries a root-galling resistance gene effective against Avr Mi and Mi, and CB46-Null is susceptible. Horizontal line is GI = 3 representing the cut-off between resistant and susceptible response. Bars indicate the standard error.

Figure 4

Egg-mass production by avirulent Meloidogyne incognita (Avr Mi) isolate “Project 77” and by aggressive M. javanica “Project 811” on root systems of 48 cowpea genotypes screened using seedling growth-pouches in growth chamber. Control genotypes CB27, NIL-2 and NIL-3 genes, CB50 and CB46 carry gene Rk, CB3-gg carries a root-galling resistance gene effective against Avr Mi and Mi, and CB46-Null is susceptible. Horizontal line is EM = 30 representing the cut-off between resistant and susceptible response. Bars indicate the standard error. The data are ranked by response to Mj and Avr Mi.
Egg-mass production by avirulent Meloidogyne incognita (Avr Mi) isolate “Project 77” and by aggressive M. javanica “Project 811” on root systems of 48 cowpea genotypes screened using seedling growth-pouches in growth chamber. Control genotypes CB27, NIL-2 and NIL-3 genes, CB50 and CB46 carry gene Rk, CB3-gg carries a root-galling resistance gene effective against Avr Mi and Mi, and CB46-Null is susceptible. Horizontal line is EM = 30 representing the cut-off between resistant and susceptible response. Bars indicate the standard error. The data are ranked by response to Mj and Avr Mi.

Figure 5

Relationship between root-galling and egg-mass production under Meloidogyne javanica “Project 811” infestation. Correlation established using average root-galling and egg-mass data from two greenhouse and three growth chamber experiments, respectively.
Relationship between root-galling and egg-mass production under Meloidogyne javanica “Project 811” infestation. Correlation established using average root-galling and egg-mass data from two greenhouse and three growth chamber experiments, respectively.

Figure 6

Relationship between root-galling induced by (A): virulent Meloidogyne incognita “Muller” and M. javanica “Project 811” and (B): avirulent M. incognita “Beltran” and M. javanica “Project 811”, based on average root-galling data from 2014 field experiment.
Relationship between root-galling induced by (A): virulent Meloidogyne incognita “Muller” and M. javanica “Project 811” and (B): avirulent M. incognita “Beltran” and M. javanica “Project 811”, based on average root-galling data from 2014 field experiment.

Figure 7

(A): Average virulence index of Meloidogyne javanica “Project 811”, avirulent (Avr) and virulent M. incognita isolates “Beltran” and “Muller,” respectively, based on average root-galling data from 2014 field experiment; (B): Average virulence index of M. javanica “Project 811” and Avr M. incognita “Project 77,” based on average egg-mass production in growth chamber experiment.
(A): Average virulence index of Meloidogyne javanica “Project 811”, avirulent (Avr) and virulent M. incognita isolates “Beltran” and “Muller,” respectively, based on average root-galling data from 2014 field experiment; (B): Average virulence index of M. javanica “Project 811” and Avr M. incognita “Project 77,” based on average egg-mass production in growth chamber experiment.

Resistance gene sets in control genotypes and their response status to avirulent (Avr) and virulent Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica.

Root-knot nematode response
Genotype R gene set Avr. M. incognita M. incognita M. javanica
UCR779 None Susceptible Susceptible Susceptible
CB46-Null None Susceptible Susceptible Susceptible
CB46 RkRk Resistant Susceptible Susceptible
CB27 RkRk/rk3rk3 Resistant Resistant Resistant
CB50 RkRk Resistant M. Resistant M. Resistant
NIL-2 genes RkRk/QRk-vu9.1 Resistant M. Resistant Resistant
NIL-3 genes RkRk/QRk-vu9.1/ a Resistant Resistant Resistant
CB3-gg Root-galling gene a Resistant Resistant Susceptible
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Language:
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