<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The ethanol extracts from the roots of <italic>Angelica pubescens</italic> Maxim. <italic>f. biserrata</italic> Shan <italic>et</italic> Yuan was toxic against the pine wood nematode <italic>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.</italic> The ethyl acetate-soluble fraction derived from this extract increased its potency with a mortality of 95.25% in 72 hr at 1.0 mg/mL. Four nematotoxic coumarins were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract by bioassay-guided isolation. These were identified as osthole <bold>
<sc>1</sc>
</bold>, columbianadin <bold>
<sc>2</sc>
</bold>, bergapten <bold>
<sc>3</sc>
</bold> and xanthotoxin <bold>4</bold> by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data analysis. The LC<sub>50</sub> values against <italic>B. xylophilus</italic> in 72 hr were 489.17, 406.74, 430.08, and 435.66 μM, respectively. These compounds also altered the smooth morphology of the <italic>B. xylophilus</italic> exoskeleton to a rough and pitted appearance as visualized by electron microscopy. The coumarins <bold>
<sc>1-4</sc>
</bold> possessed significant acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities but had negligible effects on amylase and cellulase. This research provides additional clues to the nematotoxic mechanism of coumarins against the pine wood nematode <italic>B. xylophilus.</italic> This work will assist in the development of coumarin nematicides with enhanced activity using molecular modifications of the core coumarin structure.</p>
</abstract>

The ethanol extracts from the roots of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan was toxic against the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. The ethyl acetate-soluble fraction derived from this extract increased its potency with a mortality of 95.25% in 72 hr at 1.0 mg/mL. Four nematotoxic coumarins were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract by bioassay-guided isolation. These were identified as osthole 
1
, columbianadin 
2
, bergapten 
3
 and xanthotoxin 4 by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data analysis. The LC50 values against B. xylophilus in 72 hr were 489.17, 406.74, 430.08, and 435.66 μM, respectively. These compounds also altered the smooth morphology of the B. xylophilus exoskeleton to a rough and pitted appearance as visualized by electron microscopy. The coumarins 
1-4
 possessed significant acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities but had negligible effects on amylase and cellulase. This research provides additional clues to the nematotoxic mechanism of coumarins against the pine wood nematode B. xylophilus. This work will assist in the development of coumarin nematicides with enhanced activity using molecular modifications of the core coumarin structure.

Nematotoxic coumarins from <italic>Angelica pubescens</italic> Maxim. <italic>f. biserrata</italic> Shan <italic>et</italic> Yuan roots and their physiological effects on <italic>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</italic>


Journal of Nematology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Nematotoxic coumarins from  Maxim.  Shan  Yuan roots and their physiological effects on 


running-head

Effects of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan roots on

The ethanol extracts from the roots of Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan was toxic against the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus....

Nematotoxic coumarins from Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan roots and their physiological effects on Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Published Online: Dec 03, 2018

Page range: 559 - 568

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2018-045

Keywords
Roots of Maxim. Shan Yuan, Coumarins, Nematotoxic, Pine wood nematode

© 2018 Qun-Qun Guo et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Nematotoxic coumarins from Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan roots and their physiological effects on Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Published Online: Dec 03, 2018

Page range: 559 - 568

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2018-045

KeywordsRoots of Maxim. Shan Yuan, Coumarins, Nematotoxic, Pine wood nematode

© 2018 Qun-Qun Guo et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
Roots of Maxim. Shan Yuan, Coumarins, Nematotoxic, Pine wood nematode