<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

This update of the Xg blood group system (Johnson NC. XG: The forgotten blood group system. <italic>Immunohematology</italic> 2011;27:68–71) notes the identification of a <italic>cis-</italic>regulatory element of both <italic>XG</italic> and <italic>CD99</italic> expression, remarkably by two independent groups during 2018, and confirmed by another in 2019. A single nucleotide change at the <italic>XG</italic> locus (rs311103) abolishes GATA1 binding and suppresses both <italic>XG</italic> and <italic>CD99</italic>. The last blood group system to resist elucidation of its genetic basis was thereby resolved. Soon afterwards, it was discovered that the rare anti-Xga response, mainly seen in men, is produced by individuals primarily carrying a large deletion in the X chromosome that truncates <italic>XG</italic> and leads to the Xgnull phenotype.
</abstract>

This update of the Xg blood group system (Johnson NC. XG: The forgotten blood group system. Immunohematology 2011;27:68–71) notes the identification of a cis-regulatory element of both XG and CD99 expression, remarkably by two independent groups during 2018, and confirmed by another in 2019. A single nucleotide change at the XG locus (rs311103) abolishes GATA1 binding and suppresses both XG and CD99. The last blood group system to resist elucidation of its genetic basis was thereby resolved. Soon afterwards, it was discovered that the rare anti-Xga response, mainly seen in men, is produced by individuals primarily carrying a large deletion in the X chromosome that truncates XG and leads to the Xgnull phenotype.

The Xg blood group system: no longer forgotten

Immunohematology

{"article-title":"The Xg blood group system: no longer forgotten"}

This update of the Xg blood group system (Johnson NC. XG: The forgotten blood group system. Immunohematology 2011;27:68–71) notes the identification of a...

The Xg blood group system: no longer forgotten

Published Online: Feb 17, 2021

Page range: 4 - 6

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/immunohematology-2020-035

Keywords
Xg, CD99, blood group, antigen, antibody

© 2020 Y.Q. Lee et al., published by Sciendo

The Xg blood group system: no longer forgotten

Published Online: Feb 17, 2021

Page range: 4 - 6

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/immunohematology-2020-035

KeywordsXg, CD99, blood group, antigen, antibody

© 2020 Y.Q. Lee et al., published by Sciendo

Keywords
Xg, CD99, blood group, antigen, antibody