<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins are components of the adaptive immunity system, protecting against foreign DNA, which are present in many bacteria species. Recent years have brought extensive research on this system however, not all of its biological properties have been discovered so far. It was recently discovered that CRISPR-Cas can regulate the formation of biofilm and is closely associated with the DNA repair system in bacterial cells. It is also likely that some of the spacer sequences are complementary to short sequences in the bacterial genome, which may have an influence on regulation of bacterial genes, e.g. virulence factors. Besides, phages can synthesize anti-CRISPR genes, which could be of use in the future for the purpose of development of an alternative therapy against multi-drug resistant bacterial strains. Here we present an elementary characteristic of CRISPR-Cas system, including the structure and the brief mechanism of action, systematic classification and its importance for medicine and biotechnology issues. We would like to stress the huge potential of CRISPR-Cas by discussing the selected but varied aspects.</p>
<p>1. Introduction. 2. Structure, operation and differences. 3. Bacterial typing. 4. Correlation with bacterial pathogenicity. 5. Potential tool for medicine. 5.1. CRISPR-tool for genome editing. 5.2. Instances of CRISPR-tool strategies in medicine. 6. Phage response. 7. Conclusions</p>
</abstract>

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins are components of the adaptive immunity system, protecting against foreign DNA, which are present in many bacteria species. Recent years have brought extensive research on this system however, not all of its biological properties have been discovered so far. It was recently discovered that CRISPR-Cas can regulate the formation of biofilm and is closely associated with the DNA repair system in bacterial cells. It is also likely that some of the spacer sequences are complementary to short sequences in the bacterial genome, which may have an influence on regulation of bacterial genes, e.g. virulence factors. Besides, phages can synthesize anti-CRISPR genes, which could be of use in the future for the purpose of development of an alternative therapy against multi-drug resistant bacterial strains. Here we present an elementary characteristic of CRISPR-Cas system, including the structure and the brief mechanism of action, systematic classification and its importance for medicine and biotechnology issues. We would like to stress the huge potential of CRISPR-Cas by discussing the selected but varied aspects.
1. Introduction. 2. Structure, operation and differences. 3. Bacterial typing. 4. Correlation with bacterial pathogenicity. 5. Potential tool for medicine. 5.1. CRISPR-tool for genome editing. 5.2. Instances of CRISPR-tool strategies in medicine. 6. Phage response. 7. Conclusions

Selected Aspects Of The Crispr-Cas Biology And Applications

Advancements of Microbiology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

{"article-title":"Selected Aspects Of The Crispr-Cas Biology And Applications"}

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins are components of the adaptive immunity system,...

Selected Aspects Of The Crispr-Cas Biology And Applications

Article Category: research-article

Published Online: Mar 24, 2021

Page range: 3 - 12

Received: May 01, 2020

Accepted: Nov 01, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/PM-2021.60.1.01

Keywords
CRISPR, Cas, bacterial pathogenicity, anti-CRISPR proteins, genome editing

© 2021 Monika Wawszczak et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Selected Aspects Of The Crispr-Cas Biology And Applications

Article Category: research-article

Published Online: Mar 24, 2021

Page range: 3 - 12

Received: May 01, 2020

Accepted: Nov 01, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/PM-2021.60.1.01

KeywordsCRISPR, Cas, bacterial pathogenicity, anti-CRISPR proteins, genome editing

© 2021 Monika Wawszczak et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
CRISPR, Cas, bacterial pathogenicity, anti-CRISPR proteins, genome editing