Deadly microbes – microbes used as a biological weapon

1.Arciuch H.: Stale aktualne zagrożenie wąglik. Przegl. Epid. 55, 169–179 (2001)Search in Google Scholar

2.Bah E.I., Fowler R.A. i wsp.: Clinical presentation of patients with Ebola virus disease in Conakry, Guinea. New Eng. J. Med. 372, 40–47 (2014)Search in Google Scholar

3.Bartkowiak J.: Badania molekularne w rozpoznawaniu i różnicowaniu chorób zakaźnych. Przegl. Epid. 57, 381–389 (2003)Search in Google Scholar

4.Bausch D.G., Towner J.S., Dowell S.F. i wsp.: Assessment of the risk of Ebola virus transmission from bodily fluids and fomites. J. Infect Dis.196, 142–147 (2007)Search in Google Scholar

5.Bente D., Gren J., Strong J.E., Feldmann H.: Disease modeling for Ebola and Marburg viruses. Dis. Models Mech. 2, 12–17 (2009)10.1242/dmm.000471Search in Google Scholar

6.Chantau S., Ratsifasoamanana L., Rosoamanana B., Rahali- son L., Randrianbelosoa J., Roux J. i wsp.: Plague’a reemerging disease in Madagascar. Emerg. Infect. Dis.4, 101–104 (1998)10.3201/eid0401.980114Search in Google Scholar

7.Cherkasskiy B.L.: A national register of historic and contemporary anthrax foci. J. Appl. Microbiol.87, 192–195 (1999)10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00868.xSearch in Google Scholar

8.Chomiczewski K.: Zagrożenie bioterroryzmem. Przegl. Epid. 57, 349–353 (2002)Search in Google Scholar

9.Chomiczewski K.: Patogeny zwierzęce jako broń biologiczna. Przegl. Epid. 57, 355–361 (2003)Search in Google Scholar

10.Cisak E., Chmielewska-Badora J., Zwoliński J., Dutkiewicz J.: Choroby przenoszone przez kleszcze. Med. Ogol. 14, 280–289 (2008)Search in Google Scholar

11.Cowan C., Jones H.A., Kaya Y.H., Perry R.D., Straley S.C.: Invasion of epithelial cells by Yersinia pestis: evidence for a Y. pestis– specific invasin. Infect. Immun. 68, 4523–4530 (2000)10.1128/IAI.68.8.4523-4530.2000Search in Google Scholar

12.Daniszewski P.: Dżuma (Yersinia pestis) – jako broń biologiczna. Intern. Letter Soc. Human. Sciences, 9, 84–94 (2013)Search in Google Scholar

13.Daniszewski P.: Wąglik (Bacillus anthracis) – jako broń biologiczna. Intern. Letter Soc. Human. Sciences, 9, 74–83 (2013)Search in Google Scholar

14.Dennis D.T.: Tularemia as a biological weapon. JAMA, 285, 2763–2773 (2001)10.1001/jama.285.21.2763Search in Google Scholar

15.Dennis D.T., Tonat K. i wsp.: Tularemia as a biological weapon – medical and public health management. JAMA, 285, 2763– 2773 (2001)10.1001/jama.285.21.2763Search in Google Scholar

16.Dowell S.F., Ksiazek T.G. i wsp.: Transmission of Ebola hemorrhagic fever: a study of risk factors in family members, Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995. Commission de Lutte contre les Epidémiesa Kikwit. J. Infect. Dis. 179, 87–91 (1999)Search in Google Scholar

17.Erricsson M.: Persistence of cell-mediated immunity and decline of humoral immunity to the intracellular bacterium Francisella tularensis 25 years after natural infection. J. Infect. Dis. 170, 110–114 (1994)Search in Google Scholar

18.Fasanella A., Galante D., Garofolo G., Jones M.H.: Anthrax undervalued zoonosis. Vet. Microbiol. 140, 318–331 (2010)Search in Google Scholar

19.Feldmann H., Geisbert T.W.: Ebola hemorrhagic fever. Lancet, 377, 849–862 (2011)10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60667-8Search in Google Scholar

20.Fields K.A., Nilles M.L., Cowan C., Straley S.C.: Virulence role of V antigen of Yersinia pestis at the bacterial surface. Infect. Immun. 67, 5395–5408 (1999)Search in Google Scholar

21.Franz D.R., McClain D.J. i wsp.: Clinical recognition and management of patients exposed to biological warfare agents. Clin. Lab. Med. 21(3), 435–473 (2001)Search in Google Scholar

22.Gage K.L., Reynolds P.J. i wsp.: Cases of cat-associated human plague in the Western US, 1977–1998. Clin. Infect. Dis. 30, 893–900 (2000)Search in Google Scholar

23.Garofolo G., Ciammaruconi A., Fasanella A., Scasciamacchia S., Adone R., Pittiglio V., Lista F.: SNR analysis: molecular investigation of an anthrax epidemic. BMC Vet. Res. 28, 6–11 (2010)Search in Google Scholar

24.Geyik M.F., Akalin H.: Dünyada Tularemi (w) Francisella tularensis ve Tularemi, red. Ş. Gürcan, Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, istanbul, 2009, s. 99-106Search in Google Scholar

25.Giraldi G., Marsella L.T.: Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak: What’s going on. Ann Ig., 27, 82–86 (2015)Search in Google Scholar

26.Grolla A., Lucht A., Dick D., Strong J.E., Feldmann H.: Laboratory diagnosis of Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fever. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique, 98, 205–209 (2005)Search in Google Scholar

27.Grygorczuk S., Hermanowska-Szpakowicz T.: Pałeczka Yersinia pestis jako niebezpieczna broń biologiczna. Med. Pr. 53, 343–348 (2002)Search in Google Scholar

28.Gürcan Ş.: Epidemiology of Tularemia. Balkan Med. J.31, 3–10 (2014)10.5152/balkanmedj.2014.13117411599825207161Search in Google Scholar

29.Haas C.N.: On the quarantine period of Ebola. PLoS Curr. Out. DOI:10.1371/currents.outbreaks.2ab4b76ba7263ff0f084766e43abbd89 (2014)10.1371/currents.outbreaks.2ab4b76ba7263ff0f084766e43abbd89420515425642371Search in Google Scholar

30.Hermanowska-Szpakowicz T., Pancewicz S.: Obecność przeciwciał przeciwko Francisella tularensis u osób zamieszkujących północnowschodnią Polskę. Przegl. Epid. 50, 55–59 (1996)Search in Google Scholar

31.Himsworth C.G.: The danger of lime use in agricultural anthrax disinfection procedures: the potential role of calcium in the preservation of anthrax spores. Can. Vet. J.49, 1208–1210 (2008)Search in Google Scholar

32.Hutchinson K.L., Rollin P.E.: Cytokine and chemokine expression in humans infected with Sudan Ebola virus. J Infect. Dis., 196, 357–363 (2007)Search in Google Scholar

33.Inglesby T.V., Eitzen E. i wsp.: Plague as a biological weapon. Medical and public health menagement. JAMA, 283, 2281–2290 (2000)10.1001/jama.283.17.228110807389Search in Google Scholar

34.Inglesby T.V., Parker G. i wsp.: Anthrax as a biological weapon. Medical and public health management. JAMA, 281, 1735–1737 (1999)10.1001/jama.281.18.1735Search in Google Scholar

35.Jernigan D.B., Raghunathan P.L. i wsp.: Investigation of bioterrorism-related anthrax, United States, 2001: epidemiologic findings. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 8, 1019–1028 (2002)Search in Google Scholar

36.Johansson A., Forman M., Sjostedt A.: The development of tools for diagnosis of tularemia and typing of Francisella tularensis. Apmis, 112, 898–907 (2004)10.1111/j.1600-0463.2004.apm11211-1212.xSearch in Google Scholar

37.Johnson E., Jaax N., White J., Jahring P.: Lethal experimental infections of rhesus monkeys by aerosolised Ebola virus. Int. J. Exp. Pathol. 76, 227–236 (1995)Search in Google Scholar

38.Kałużewski S.: Wąglik (w) Choroby zakaźne i pasożytnicze- epidemiologia i profilaktyka, red. Magdzik W., Naruszewicz-Lesiuk D., Zieliński A., Alfa-Medica Press, Bielsko-Biała, 2007, s. 317–322Search in Google Scholar

39.Kałużewski S.: Zagrożenia związane z zakażeniem pałeczka mi z rodzaju Yersinia. Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowo-Szkoleniowa pt. "Biologiczne zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa kraju – ryzyko zagrożenia szczególnie niebezpiecznymi patogenami” 15–16 marca 2001, Warszawa [materiały konferencyjne] (2001)Search in Google Scholar

40.Karahocagil M.K., Akdeniz N., Akdeniz H., Calka O., Karsen H., Bilici A., Bilgili S.G., Evirgen O.: Cutaneous anthrax in Eastern Turkey: a review of 85 cases. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 33, 406–411 (2008)Search in Google Scholar

41.Kilic S., Wagner D.M i wsp.: Water as Source of Francisella tularensis Infection in Humans, Turkey. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 21, 2213–2216 (2015)Search in Google Scholar

42.Kiszmal E., Van Damme-Ostapowicz K.: Czy wirus Ebola jest nowym zagrożeniem epidemiologicznym świata? Pol. Przegl. Nauk o Zdrowiu, 1, 88–91 (2016)Search in Google Scholar

43.Kłapeć T., Cholewa A.: Tularemia – wciąż groźna zoonoza, Med. Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu, 17, 155–160 (2011)Search in Google Scholar

44.Knap J.: Tularemia (w) Choroby zakaźne i pasożytnicze – epidemiologia i profilaktyka, red. Magdzik W., Naruszewicz-Lesiuk D., Zieliński A., Alfa-Medica Press, Bielsko-Biała, 2004, s. 288–293Search in Google Scholar

45.Knap J.: Tularemia. (w): Choroby zakaźne i pasożytnicze – epidemiologia i profilaktyka. red. Magdzik W., Naruszewicz-Lesiuk D., Zieliński A., Alfa-Medica Press, Bielsko-Biała, 2007, s. 312–317Search in Google Scholar

46.Kumar S.: Bubonic plague in Surat? Lancet, 345, 663–738 (1995)10.1016/S0140-6736(95)90876-5Search in Google Scholar

47.Lacy D.B., Collier R.J.: Structure and function of anthrax toxin (w) Anthrax red. T.M. Koehler, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, New York, 2002, s. 61–8510.1007/978-3-662-05767-4_412224524Search in Google Scholar

48.Leroy E.M., Gonzalez J.P., Baize S.: Ebola and Marburg haemorrhagic fever viruses: major scientific advances, but a relatively minor public health threat for Africa. Clin. Microbiol Infect. 17, 964–976 (2011)10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03535.x21722250Search in Google Scholar

49.Leroy E.M., Pourrut X., Kumulungui B., Pourrut X., Rouquet P., Hassanin A., Yaba P., Délicat A., Paweska J.T., Gonzalez J.P., Swanepoel R.: Fruit bats as reservoirs of Ebola virus. Nature, 438, 575–576 (2005)10.1038/438575a16319873Search in Google Scholar

50.Łapiński T.W., Mięgoć H., Prokopowicz D., Kowalczuk-Kot A.: Zagrożenia toxokarozą i tularemią pracowników Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego. Przegl. Epid. 54, 367–374 (2000)Search in Google Scholar

51.Makino S.I., Uchida I., Terakado N., Sasakawa C., Yoshikawa M.: Molecular characterization and protein analysis of the cap region, which is essential for encapsulation in Bacillus anthracis. J. Bacteriol. 171, 722–730 (1989)10.1128/jb.171.2.722-730.19892096572536679Search in Google Scholar

52.Mandell G.L., Bennett J.E., Dolin R.: Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Church. Livingstone, 1, 1–41 (1995)Search in Google Scholar

53.Mielczarek P., Bagłak M.: Jersinioza – rzadko rozpoznawana choroba układu pokarmowego. Gastroenterologia Polska, 11, 69–74 (2004)Search in Google Scholar

54.Murray B.E., Duchin J.S., Neill M.A.: IDSA Ebola Summary – August Open Forum. Infect. Dis. 1 (2014)10.1093/ofid/ofu092432423025734160Search in Google Scholar

55.Naruszewicz-Lesiuk D.: Wąglik (w) Choroby zakaźne w Polsce i ich zwalczanie w latach 1919–1962, red. Kostrzewski J., PZWL, Warszawa, 1964, s. 140–147Search in Google Scholar

56.Osiak B., Bartoszcze M., Gaweł J.: Franciscella tularensis– cechy zarazka, patogeneza, diagnostyka. Przegl. Epid. 60, 601–608 (2006)Search in Google Scholar

57.Pacewicz S., Zajkowska M., Świerzbińska R., Kondrusik M., Grygorczuk S.S., Hermanowska-Szpakowicz T.: Czy kleszcze są wektorami tularemii u mieszkańców Połnocno-Wschodniej Polski? Med. Pr. 55, 189–192 (2004)Search in Google Scholar

58.Parkhill J., Barrell B.G.: Genome sequence of Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague. Nature, 413, 523–526 (2001)10.1038/3509708311586360Search in Google Scholar

59.Rastawicki W., Jagielski M.: Tularemia. Post. Mikrobiol. 44, 265–273 (2005)Search in Google Scholar

60.Ray T.K., Hutin Y.J., Murhekar M.V.: Cutaneous anthrax, West Bengal, India, 2007. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 15, 497–499 (2009)Search in Google Scholar

61.Rymer W, Wroczyńska A, Nahorski W.L.: Co powinniśmy wiedzieć o zakażeniu wirusem Ebola? Med. Praktyczna, 9, 92–107 (2014)Search in Google Scholar

62.Sergueev K.V., Yunxiu He., Borschel R.H., Mikeljon P., Nikolich, A., Filippov A.: Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Yersinia pestis Using Amplification of Plague Diagnostic Bacteriophages Monitored by Real-Time PCR. PLoS One, 5, e11337 (2010)10.1371/journal.pone.0011337289316120596528Search in Google Scholar

63.Siedner M.J., Gostin L.O., Cranmer H.H., Kraemer J.D.: Strengthening the Detection of and Early Response to Public Health Emergencies: Lessons from the West African Ebola Epidemic. PLoS Med. 12, e1001804 (2015)10.1371/journal.pmed.1001804437188725803303Search in Google Scholar

64.Simonson T.S., Okinaka R.T. i wsp.: Bacillus anthracis in China and its relationship to worldwide lineages. BMC Microbiol.9, 1–11 (2009)Search in Google Scholar

65.Steiner D.J., Furuya Y., Metzger D.W.: Host-pathogen interactions and immune evasion strategies in Francisella tularensis pathogenicity, Infect. Drug Resist. 7, 239–251 (2014)Search in Google Scholar

66.Titball R.W., Leary S.E.: Plague. Br. Med. Bull. 54, 625–633 (1998)Search in Google Scholar

67.Tokarska-Rodak M.: Tularemia – infekcja wywoływana przez Francisella tularensis, Med. Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu, 21 56–61 (2015)10.5604/20834543.1142360Search in Google Scholar

68.Turnbull P.C.B.: Anthrax history, disease and ecology (w) Anthrax, red. T.M. Koehler, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, New York, 2002, s. 1–1910.1007/978-3-662-05767-4_112224519Search in Google Scholar

69.Werner S.B., Weidmer C.E., Nelson B.C., Nygaard G.S., Goethals R.M., Poland J.D.: Primary plague pneumonia contracted from a domestic cat at South Lake Tahoe, California. JAMA, 251, 929–931 (1984)10.1001/jama.1984.03340310043018Search in Google Scholar

70.West T.E., von Saint André-von Arnim A.: Clinical Presentation and Management of Severe Ebola Virus Disease. Ann. American Thoracic Soc. 11, 1341–1350 (2014)10.1513/AnnalsATS.201410-481PS25369317Search in Google Scholar

71.World Health Organization (WHO): WHO risk assessment. Human infections with Zaire Ebolavirus in West Africa, 24 June 2014, http://www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/EVD_WestAfrica_ WHO_RiskAssessment_20140624.pdf (26.07.2017)Search in Google Scholar

72.Wróblewska M., Pancer K.: Wirus Ebola – aktualne zagrożenia i perspektywy kontroli zakażeń. Post. Nauk Med. 28, 34–41 (2015)Search in Google Scholar

73.Zajkowska J., Hermanowska-Szpakowicz T.: Wąglik jako broń biologiczna. Med. Pr. 53, 167–172 (2002)Search in Google Scholar