<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<bold>Introduction</bold>: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of thermal cycling on the surface geometry of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs) compared to conventional nanohybrid composites.
<bold>Materials and methods</bold>: Four conventional nanohybrid composites (Tetric EvoCeram – TEC, GrandioSO – GD, Filtek Z550 – FZ, and Ceram·X Mono – CX) and 4 high-viscosity bulk-fill composites (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill – TBF, X-tra fil – XF, Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior – FBF, and QuixFil – QF) were tested. After the 2-step polishing procedure, the samples were divided into 2 groups: control group (K) and thermal cycling group (TC). Samples from the TC were subjected to thermal cycling according to ISO 11405 (THE-1100, SD Mechatronik GmbH). Surface geometry was evaluated by profilometry (Turbowave v. 7.36, Hommel-Etamic) and scanning electron microscope – SEM (VEGA 3, Tescan Analytics).
<bold>Results</bold>: The applied thermal cycles increased the surface roughness of conventional RBCs: TEC (p = 0.000007), GD (p = 0.04), and CX (p = 0.0005). A reduction in the surface roughness of bulk-fill composites was observed in the case of materials: XF (p = 0.000003) and QF (p = 0.0002). Thermal cycling was shown to alter the surface roughness of the TEC, CX, XF, and QF materials.
<bold>Conclusion</bold>: The application of thermal cycling in a water environment in accordance with the ISO 11405 standard causes the degradation of the organic matrix and the exposure of filler molecules on the surface of both conventional and high-viscosity bulk-fill composites. Some of the tested RBCs, especially those containing modern hydrophobic monomers, are less susceptible to these processes.
</abstract>

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of thermal cycling on the surface geometry of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs) compared to conventional nanohybrid composites.
Materials and methods: Four conventional nanohybrid composites (Tetric EvoCeram – TEC, GrandioSO – GD, Filtek Z550 – FZ, and Ceram·X Mono – CX) and 4 high-viscosity bulk-fill composites (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill – TBF, X-tra fil – XF, Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior – FBF, and QuixFil – QF) were tested. After the 2-step polishing procedure, the samples were divided into 2 groups: control group (K) and thermal cycling group (TC). Samples from the TC were subjected to thermal cycling according to ISO 11405 (THE-1100, SD Mechatronik GmbH). Surface geometry was evaluated by profilometry (Turbowave v. 7.36, Hommel-Etamic) and scanning electron microscope – SEM (VEGA 3, Tescan Analytics).
Results: The applied thermal cycles increased the surface roughness of conventional RBCs: TEC (p = 0.000007), GD (p = 0.04), and CX (p = 0.0005). A reduction in the surface roughness of bulk-fill composites was observed in the case of materials: XF (p = 0.000003) and QF (p = 0.0002). Thermal cycling was shown to alter the surface roughness of the TEC, CX, XF, and QF materials.
Conclusion: The application of thermal cycling in a water environment in accordance with the ISO 11405 standard causes the degradation of the organic matrix and the exposure of filler molecules on the surface of both conventional and high-viscosity bulk-fill composites. Some of the tested RBCs, especially those containing modern hydrophobic monomers, are less susceptible to these processes.

The effect of thermal cycling on the surface roughness of nanohybrid and high-viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composites

Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin

Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics

Department of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry and Preclinical Endodontics

Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of thermal cycling on the surface geometry of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composites...

The effect of thermal cycling on the surface roughness of nanohybrid and high-viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composites

Published Online: Dec 26, 2023

Page range: 21 - 28

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21164/pomjlifesci.945

Keywords
thermal cycling, surface roughness, resin-based composite, bulk-fill composite

© 2023 Ryta Łagocka et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

The effect of thermal cycling on the surface roughness of nanohybrid and high-viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composites

Published Online: Dec 26, 2023

Page range: 21 - 28

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21164/pomjlifesci.945

Keywordsthermal cycling, surface roughness, resin-based composite, bulk-fill composite

© 2023 Ryta Łagocka et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
thermal cycling, surface roughness, resin-based composite, bulk-fill composite