<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The aim of the paper is to examine socio-economic determinants of environmental degradation. The empirical study employs quantile regression which enables separate predictions for different levels of the dependent variable to be made. This study investigated 62 countries from low, middle and some high income countries for 1995–2019. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is verified for the aforemented countries in analyzing the relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions using quantile regression. The study also revealed that the schooling rate has a pollution-increasing effect. In addition to the reducing effects of trade openness, democracy, and economic freedom variables on environmental degradation, the opposite effect of life expectancy at birth is observed, increasing environmental degradation. In this context, this paper concluded that the EKC hypothesis is not supported. The government should encourage pollution-reducing policies in low and middle income countries.</p>
</abstract>

The aim of the paper is to examine socio-economic determinants of environmental degradation. The empirical study employs quantile regression which enables separate predictions for different levels of the dependent variable to be made. This study investigated 62 countries from low, middle and some high income countries for 1995–2019. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is verified for the aforemented countries in analyzing the relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions using quantile regression. The study also revealed that the schooling rate has a pollution-increasing effect. In addition to the reducing effects of trade openness, democracy, and economic freedom variables on environmental degradation, the opposite effect of life expectancy at birth is observed, increasing environmental degradation. In this context, this paper concluded that the EKC hypothesis is not supported. The government should encourage pollution-reducing policies in low and middle income countries.

Socio-economic determinants of environmental degradation:  Empirical evidence for the Environmental Kuznets Curve

International Trade and Business Department

Economics and Business Review

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The aim of the paper is to examine socio-economic determinants of environmental degradation. The empirical study employs quantile regression which enables...

Socio-economic determinants of environmental degradation: Empirical evidence for the Environmental Kuznets Curve

Published Online: Oct 13, 2023

Page range: 66 - 97

Received: Jan 27, 2023

Accepted: Jun 01, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2023.3.797

Keywords
environmental degredation, economic development, EKC, panel data, quantile regression

© 2023 Ömer Faruk Gültekin et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Socio-economic determinants of environmental degradation: Empirical evidence for the Environmental Kuznets Curve

Published Online: Oct 13, 2023

Page range: 66 - 97

Received: Jan 27, 2023

Accepted: Jun 01, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2023.3.797

Keywordsenvironmental degredation, economic development, EKC, panel data, quantile regression

© 2023 Ömer Faruk Gültekin et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
environmental degredation, economic development, EKC, panel data, quantile regression