<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>In the course of foundation works in the Dürnstein Castle cervical and front leg bones of a large <italic>Bison priscus</italic> bull were discovered in fluvial sediments. The small city of Dürnstein with its medieval centre is part of the UNESCO Wachau Cultural Landscape and is built mainly on Palaeozoic basement rocks. The find location is completely overbuilt, but remnants of fluvial sediments on the bones together with the altitude of the site approximately 17 m above the Danube point to a Middle Pleistocene fluvial aggradation level not younger than ca. 240,000 years, and the maximum age is 400,000 years. The fossil bearing location is interpreted as a small sandy bay of the Pleistocene Danube, protected from later degradation and erosion. Morphometric comparisons and taphonomic analyses of the bones allow the reconstruction of a scenario in which the bison probably had drowned in a flood and its carcass was buried quickly before destruction by scavengers or erosion. The study includes a comparison with bison specimens of an unpublished small megafaunal assemblage from adjacent Krems-Kreuzbergstraße. Processing marks on parts of these bones point to an anthropogenic Middle Palaeolithic influence and translocation. In addition, a tentative chronological sketch of the regional Bison species succession (<italic>B. menneri, B. schoetensacki, B. priscus</italic>) from the Early to the Late Pleistocene is presented.</p></abstract>

In the course of foundation works in the Dürnstein Castle cervical and front leg bones of a large Bison priscus bull were discovered in fluvial sediments. The small city of Dürnstein with its medieval centre is part of the UNESCO Wachau Cultural Landscape and is built mainly on Palaeozoic basement rocks. The find location is completely overbuilt, but remnants of fluvial sediments on the bones together with the altitude of the site approximately 17 m above the Danube point to a Middle Pleistocene fluvial aggradation level not younger than ca. 240,000 years, and the maximum age is 400,000 years. The fossil bearing location is interpreted as a small sandy bay of the Pleistocene Danube, protected from later degradation and erosion. Morphometric comparisons and taphonomic analyses of the bones allow the reconstruction of a scenario in which the bison probably had drowned in a flood and its carcass was buried quickly before destruction by scavengers or erosion. The study includes a comparison with bison specimens of an unpublished small megafaunal assemblage from adjacent Krems-Kreuzbergstraße. Processing marks on parts of these bones point to an anthropogenic Middle Palaeolithic influence and translocation. In addition, a tentative chronological sketch of the regional Bison species succession (B. menneri, B. schoetensacki, B. priscus) from the Early to the Late Pleistocene is presented.

A Middle Pleistocene steppe bison find within the Dürnstein Castle (Wachau, Lower Austria)

Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

In the course of foundation works in the Dürnstein Castle cervical and front leg bones of a large Bison priscus bull were discovered in fluvial sediments. The...

A Middle Pleistocene steppe bison find within the Dürnstein Castle (Wachau, Lower Austria)

Published Online: Dec 28, 2020

Page range: 237 - 250

Received: Jun 19, 2020

Accepted: Nov 30, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17738/ajes.2020.0015

Keywords
Bison succession, Lower Austria, Danube terraces, Middle Palaeolithic

© 2020 Florian A. Fladerer et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

A Middle Pleistocene steppe bison find within the Dürnstein Castle (Wachau, Lower Austria)

Published Online: Dec 28, 2020

Page range: 237 - 250

Received: Jun 19, 2020

Accepted: Nov 30, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17738/ajes.2020.0015

KeywordsBison succession, Lower Austria, Danube terraces, Middle Palaeolithic

© 2020 Florian A. Fladerer et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
Bison succession, Lower Austria, Danube terraces, Middle Palaeolithic