<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Innovations play a very important role in the modern economy. They are the key to a higher quality of life, better jobs and economy and sustainable development. The innovation policy is a key element of both national and European Union strategy. The main aim of this paper is to present an ensemble clustering of European Union countries (member states) considering their innovativeness. In the empirical section, symbolic density-based ensemble clustering is used to obtain the co-occurrence matrix. The paper uses symbolicDA, clusterSim and dbscan packages of R software for all calculations. Four different clusters where obtained in the result of clustering. Cluster 1 contains highinnovative countries (innovation leaders). This cluster is also the least homogenous. Cluster 2 contains post-communist countries mainly from central Europe. These countries can be seen as rather mid-low innovative (they try to “catch up” with innovation leaders). Cluster 3 contains moderate innovators. Cluster 4 contains two countries that are also mid-innovative.</p></abstract>

Innovations play a very important role in the modern economy. They are the key to a higher quality of life, better jobs and economy and sustainable development. The innovation policy is a key element of both national and European Union strategy. The main aim of this paper is to present an ensemble clustering of European Union countries (member states) considering their innovativeness. In the empirical section, symbolic density-based ensemble clustering is used to obtain the co-occurrence matrix. The paper uses symbolicDA, clusterSim and dbscan packages of R software for all calculations. Four different clusters where obtained in the result of clustering. Cluster 1 contains highinnovative countries (innovation leaders). This cluster is also the least homogenous. Cluster 2 contains post-communist countries mainly from central Europe. These countries can be seen as rather mid-low innovative (they try to “catch up” with innovation leaders). Cluster 3 contains moderate innovators. Cluster 4 contains two countries that are also mid-innovative.

Analysis of Innovations in the European Union Via Ensemble Symbolic Density Clustering

Econometrics

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Innovations play a very important role in the modern economy. They are the key to a higher quality of life, better jobs and economy and sustainable...

Analysis of Innovations in the European Union Via Ensemble Symbolic Density Clustering

Published Online: Sep 11, 2018

Page range: 84 - 98

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15611/eada.2018.3.06

Keywords
innovations, European Union, symbolic data analysis, ensemble clustering

© 2018 Marcin Pełka, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Analysis of Innovations in the European Union Via Ensemble Symbolic Density Clustering

Published Online: Sep 11, 2018

Page range: 84 - 98

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15611/eada.2018.3.06

Keywordsinnovations, European Union, symbolic data analysis, ensemble clustering

© 2018 Marcin Pełka, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Keywords
innovations, European Union, symbolic data analysis, ensemble clustering