Left intraventricular obstruction |
LVOT gradient >50 mm Hg |
Impaired functional reserve |
∆ WMSI <0.25 in ectatic cardiomyopathy (SE, DE)∆ EF <7.5% in NS and CRT patients (SE, DE)∆ EF <4.5% in primary MR and AR (SE)∆ Global longitudinal strain <2% in organic MR (SE) |
Impaired flow reserve |
∆ SV <20% (DE) |
Dynamic mitral regurgitation |
∆ EROA >13 mm2 in functional MR (SE) |
Systolic pulmonary hypertension |
SPAP >60 mm Hg (SE) |
Limited valvular compliance |
Mean diastolic gradient in mitral stenosis>15 mm Hg (SE); >18 mm Hg (DE)Systolic gradient in aortic stenosis >18 mm Hg (SE) |
Prosthetic malfunction |
Mean diastolic gradient in mitral position >10 mm Hg (SE, DE)Mean systolic gradient in aortic position >20 mm Hg (SE, DE) |
Functional stenosis after mitral ring plasty |
Mean diastolic gradient >7 mm Hg |
RV dysfunction |
TAPSE <19 mm in limited MR (SE) |