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Response of phytoplankton to heavy pollution of water bodies

Tatyana Shevchenko
Tatyana Shevchenko
, 
Peter Klochenko
Peter Klochenko
 and 
Inna Nezbrytska
Inna Nezbrytska
   | Sep 25, 2020
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Article Category: Research Article
Published Online: Sep 25, 2020
Page range: 267 - 280
Received: Jan 24, 2020
Accepted: Apr 07, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2020-0024
© 2020 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Schematic map of the ponds in the Oleksandriya Nature Park
Schematic map of the ponds in the Oleksandriya Nature Park

Figure 2

Dendrogram of similarity of phytoplankton species composition in the ponds of the Oleksandriya Nature Park
Dendrogram of similarity of phytoplankton species composition in the ponds of the Oleksandriya Nature Park

Figure 3

Contribution of halophiles and mesohalobes to the numbers of algae – indicators of water salinity
Contribution of halophiles and mesohalobes to the numbers of algae – indicators of water salinity

Figure 4

Contribution of poly-saprobionts to the numbers of algae – indicators of organic contamination
Contribution of poly-saprobionts to the numbers of algae – indicators of organic contamination

Figure 5

Contribution of β-mesosaprobionts to the numbers of algae – indicators of organic contamination
Contribution of β-mesosaprobionts to the numbers of algae – indicators of organic contamination

Pearson correlations of physicochemical variables and phytoplankton numbers in the ponds of the Oleksandriya Nature Park

Variables Numbers
total Cyan Eugl Bac Chl Chlorella vulgaris
NH4+-N 0.82 −0.44 0.94 −0.56 0.80 0.99
NO2--N 0.81 −0.46 0.95 −0.55 0.80 0.99
NO3--N 0.83 −0.42 0.97 −0.60 0.82 0.99
Pinorg. −0.18 −0.68 0.29 −0.18 −0.15 0.27
Cl- 0.85 −0.45 0.96 −0.62 0.84 0.99
PO 0.82 −0.59 0.81 −0.52 0.82 0.93
DO 0.92 −0.68 0.78 −0.84 0.94 0.87
рН −0.36 −0.04 −0.38 0.70 −0.36 −0.22
T (0C) 0.74 −0.50 0.49 −0.41 0.75 0.69

Characteristics of the ponds in the Oleksandriya Nature Park

Characteristics Unit Ponds
Rusalka (1) Laznevy (2) Dzerkalny (3) Lebedyny (4) Sribny Serpanok (5)
Area ha 0.53 0.72 0.74 0.19 0.42
Average depth m 1.5 2.5 2.0 1.0 1.5
Transparency 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.5

Phytoplankton biomass in the ponds of the Oleksandriya Nature Park in July 2016

Divisions Ponds
Rusalka (1) Laznevy (2) Dzerkalny (3) Lebedyny (4) Sribny Serpanok (5)
Cyanoprokaryota 0.0360.2 0.0040.1 0.0520.2
Euglenophyta 3.16038.4 0.3732.1 0.8385.6 0.5124.7 0.0450.1
Chrysophyta 0.3842.2 3.89726.2 0.1351.2
Xanthophyta 0.0620.6 0.0080.1
Bacillariophyta 0.0640.8 0.5192.9 2.23915.0 7.87072.5 21.97864.2
Dinophyta 0.2342.2 0.5551.6
Chlorophyta 5.01160.8 16.56392.8 7.89753.0 2.02918.7 11.58733.8
On the whole 8.235100 17.839100 14.907100 10.846100 34.225100

The number of plankton algae species (infraspecific taxa) in the ponds of the Oleksandriya Nature Park in July 2016

Divisions Ponds Total
Rusalka (1) Laznevy (2) Dzerkalny (3) Lebedyny (4) Sribny Serpanok (5)
  Cyanoprokaryota 12.3 13.0 24.9 33.2
  Euglenophyta 733.3 513.8 49.1 412.2 12.4 1313.9
  Chrysophyta 12.8 12.3 13.0 11.1
  Xanthophyta 13.0 12.4 22.2
  Bacillariophyta 523.8 616.7 1431.8 824.2 922.0 2830.1
  Dinophyta 26.1 24.9 22.2
  Chlorophyta 942.9 24 (26)66.7 24 (26)54.5 1648.5 26 (27)63.4 44 (47)47.3
  Total 21100 36 (38)100 44 (46)100 3300 41 (42)100 93 (96)100

Phytoplankton structural characteristics, the saprobic index, and the Ccar/Cchl ratio in the ponds of the Oleksandriya Nature Park

Indices Ponds
Rusalka (1) Laznevy (2) Dzerkalny (3) Lebedyny (4) Sribny Serpanok (5)
Shannon index (H’)
in terms of numbers 0.38 1.88 2.51 1.94 2.54
in terms of biomass 1.96 1.42 2.39 2.02 2.27
Dimensional structure (B/N) 0.09 0.30 0.38 0.61 0.78
Saprobic index (S) 3.11 2.31 2.10 1.91 1.91
Сcar/Сchl ratio 0.70 0.37 0.40 0.49 0.32

Average values of physicochemical variables in the ponds of the Oleksandriya Nature Park in July 2016

Variables Unit Ponds
Rusalka (1) Laznevy (2) Dzerkalny (3) Lebedyny (4) Sribny Serpanok (5)
NH4+-N mg l−1 74.0 0.04 0.02 0.18 0.08
NO2−-N 1.750 0.036 0.035 0.065 0.002
NO3−-N 58.0 3.08 5.62 0.65 0.13
Pinorg. 0.120 0.088 0.090 0.160 0.041
Cl− 560.5 78.0 70.4 37.7 35.4
Permanganate oxidizability (PO) mg O l−1 10.4 6.1 4.4 5.8 5.8
Dichromate oxidizability (DO) 81.0 54.0 22.0 20.0 18.0
pH 8.21 8.13 7.98 8.47 8.49
T °C 24.5 22.0 19.0 21.0 22.5

Phytoplankton cell numbers in the ponds of the Oleksandriya Nature Park in July 2016

Divisions Ponds
Rusalka (1) Laznevy (2) Dzerkalny (3) Lebedyny (4) Sribny Serpanok (5)
Cyanoprokaryota 18244.6 1801.0 18564.2
Euglenophyta 4660.5 560.1 1780.5 540.3 160.1
Chrysophyta 2560.4 35569.0 900.5
Xanthophyta 480.3 160.1
Bacillariophyta 1580.2 4240.7 33728.5 811245.5 588013.3
Dinophyta 180.1 320.1
Chlorophyta 87 94599.3 59 36898.8 30 58077.4 932652.3 36 27482.2
On the whole 88 569100 60 104100 39 510100 17 828100 44 074100

Algal species dominating in the water column of the ponds in the Oleksandriya Nature Park and their ecological characteristics

Taxa Ecological characteristics Ponds
hal S S 1 2 3 4 5
Chlorophyta
Chlorella vulgaris Beijer. hl p-α 3.6 d d d d –
Desmodesmus armatus (Chodat) E. Hegew. o-α + + + + d
D. armatus var. bicaudatus (Guglielm.) E. Hegew. β – + + – d
Desmodesmus brasiliensis (Bohlin) E. Hegew. β 2.0 – + + – d
Monoraphidium komarkovae Nygaard d + + + –
Monoraphidium minutum (Nägeli) Komárk.-Legn. β-α – + + d +
Mychonastes homosphaera (Skuja) Kalina et Punčoch. β – d + – –
Oocysti s marsonii Lemmerm. β-o + d – – +
Pandorina morum (O.F. Müll.) Bory i β 2.0 + + d – –
Pteromonas armata Korschikov – – – d –
Euglenophyta
Euglena viridis (O.F. Müll.) Ehrenb. mh p-α 4.5 d – – – –
Bacillariophyta
Aulacoseira granulata (Ehrenb.) Simonsen i β 1.8 – – + d d
Ulnaria acus (Kütz.) Aboal i β 1.85 – + + d –
Chrysophyta
Synura petersenii Korschikov hb β 2.25 – + d + –

Pearson correlations of physicochemical variables and the number of phytoplankton species in the ponds of the Oleksandriya Nature Park

Variables Number of species
total Cyan Eugl Bac Chl
NH4+-N −0.88 −0.53 0.72 −0.54 −0.84
NO2−-N −0.89 −0.55 0.74 −0.54 −0.86
NO3−-N −0.85 −0.57 0.75 −0.49 −0.83
Pinorg. −0.52 −0.46 0.59 −0.25 −0.72
Cl− −0.87 −0.59 0.76 −0.53 −0.83
PO −0.95 −0.55 0.67 −0.76 −0.83
DO −0.82 −0.84 0.85 −0.72 −0.65
рН −0.16 0.55 −0.50 −0.33 −0.09
T (0C) −0.79 −0.32 0.35 −0.87 −0.56

Pearson correlations of physicochemical variables and phytoplankton biomass in the ponds of the Oleksandriya Nature Park

Variables Biomass
total Cyan Eugl Bac Chl Chlorella vulgaris
NH4+-N −0.49 −0.43 0.97 −0.39 −0.36 0.99
NO2--N −0.52 −0.45 0.98 −0.41 −0.37 0.99
NO3--N −0.52 −0.43 0.99 −0.45 −0.34 0.99
Pinorg. −0.86 −0.75 0.36 −0.52 −0.73 0.27
Cl- −0.52 −0.45 0.98 −0.46 −0.31 0.99
PO −0.41 −0.52 0.88 −0.31 −0.26 0.96
DO −0.50 −0.67 0.82 −0.63 0.07 0.88
рН 0.40 0.15 −0.28 0.67 −0.27 −0.17
T (0C) −0.01 −0.35 0.58 0.04 0.03 0.73
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