Open Access

Ascidian diversity (Chordata: Tunicata) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India


Cite

Abdul Jaffar Ali, H.A., Sivakumar, V. & Tamilselvi, M. (2009). Distribution of alien and cryptogenic ascidians along the southern coasts of Indian peninsula. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences 1(4): 305–312.Abdul Jaffar AliH.A.SivakumarV.TamilselviM.2009Distribution of alien and cryptogenic ascidians along the southern coasts of Indian peninsulaWorld Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences14305312Search in Google Scholar

Abdul Jaffar Ali, H.A., Tamilselvi, M., Sivakumar, V., Zaman, G.M.H. & Muthu Mohamed, H.S. (2011). Marine Ascidian Biodiversity- A promising resource for bioactive compounds. Supplement to Advanced Biotech. 10 (10): 26–3.Abdul Jaffar AliH.A.TamilselviM.SivakumarV.ZamanG.M.H.Muthu MohamedH.S.2011Marine Ascidian Biodiversity- A promising resource for bioactive compoundsSupplement to Advanced Biotech.1010263Search in Google Scholar

Bulleri, F. & Chapman, M.G. (2010). The introduction of coastal infrastructure as a driver of change in marine environments. J. Appl. Ecol. 47: 26–35. 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01751.x.BulleriF.ChapmanM.G.2010The introduction of coastal infrastructure as a driver of change in marine environmentsJ. Appl. Ecol.47263510.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01751.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

Buss, L.W. & Jackson, J.B.C. (1979). Competitive networks: nontransitive competitive relationships in cryptic coral reef environments. Am. Nat.113: 223–234.BussL.W.JacksonJ.B.C.1979Competitive networks: nontransitive competitive relationships in cryptic coral reef environmentsAm. Nat.11322323410.1086/283381Search in Google Scholar

Cameron, C.B., Garey, J.R. & Swall, B.J. (2000). Evolution of the chordate body plan: new insights from phylogenetic analyses of deuterostome phyla. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 97: 4469–4474.CameronC.B.GareyJ.R.SwallB.J.2000Evolution of the chordate body plan: new insights from phylogenetic analyses of deuterostome phyla. ProcNatl. Acad. Sci974469447410.1073/pnas.97.9.4469Search in Google Scholar

Castilla, J.C., Collins, A.G., Meyer, C.P., Guinez, R. & Lindberg, D.R. (2002). Recent introduction of the dominant tunicate, Pyura praeputialis (Urochordata, Pyuridae) to Antofagasta, Chile. Mol. Ecol. 11: 1579–1584.CastillaJ.C.CollinsA.G.MeyerC.P.GuinezR.LindbergD.R.2002Recent introduction of the dominant tunicate, Pyura praeputialis (Urochordata, Pyuridae) to Antofagasta, ChileMol. Ecol111579158410.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01524.xSearch in Google Scholar

Clampitt, P.T. (1970). Comparative ecology of the snails – Physagyrina and Physa integra (Basomatophora: Physidae). Malacologia 10: 113–151.ClampittP.T.1970Comparative ecology of the snails – Physagyrina and Physa integra (Basomatophora: Physidae)Malacologia.10113151Search in Google Scholar

Clampitt, P.T. (1973). Substratum as a factor in the distribution of pulmonate snails in Douglas Lake, Michigan. Malacologia 12(2): 379–399.ClampittP.T.1973Substratum as a factor in the distribution of pulmonate snails in Douglas Lake, MichiganMalacologia122379399Search in Google Scholar

Clarke, K.R. & Warwick, R.M. (2001). Changes in marine communities: an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation, 2nd edition. PRIMER-E Ltd, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, United Kingdom.ClarkeK.R.WarwickR.M.2001Changes in marine communities: an approach to statistical analysis and interpretation2ndPRIMER-E Ltd, Plymouth Marine LaboratoryUnited KingdomSearch in Google Scholar

Connell, S.D. & Glasby, T.M. (1999). Do urban structures infuence local abundance and diversity of subtidal epibiota? A case study from Sydney Harbour, Australia. Mar. Environ. Res. 47: 373–387. 10.1016/S0141-1136(98)00126-3.ConnellS.D.GlasbyT.M.1999Do urban structures infuence local abundance and diversity of subtidal epibiota? A case study from Sydney Harbour, AustraliaMar. Environ. Res4737338710.1016/S0141-1136(98)00126-3Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Das, S.M. (1936). Herdmania (The monascidian of the Indian Seas). Indian. Zoological. Memoirs. Lucknow, 5: 1–103.DasS.M.1936Herdmania (The monascidian of the Indian Seas)Indian. Zoological. Memoirs.Lucknow51103Search in Google Scholar

Das, S.M. (1938). A case of commensalism between a lamellibranch and a monascidian. Curr. Sci. 7(3): 114–115.DasS.M.1938A case of commensalism between a lamellibranch and a monascidianCurr. Sci.73114115Search in Google Scholar

Das, S.M. (1945). On a collection of monascidians from Madras. J. Roy. Asiatic. Soc. Bengal Science 11(1): 6–7.DasS.M.1945On a collection of monascidians from MadrasJ. Roy. Asiatic. Soc. Bengal Science11167Search in Google Scholar

Dupont, F.E., Viard, P.J., Hallas, T., Nishikawa, D.R., Schiel, N.J. et al. (2009). Global Phylogeography of the Widely Introduced North West Pacific Ascidian Styela clava, Environmental Research from Welsh Universities, Environment Agency. Bristol. 6: 2, 16755.DupontF.E.ViardP.J.HallasT.NishikawaD.R.SchielN.J.2009Global Phylogeography of the Widely Introduced North West Pacific Ascidian Styela clava, Environmental Research from Welsh UniversitiesEnvironment Agency. Bristol.6216755Search in Google Scholar

Durante, K.M. & Sebens, K.P. (1994). Reproductive ecology of the ascidians Molgula citrina (Alder & Hancock, 1848) and Aplidium glabrum (Verrill, 1871) from the Gulf of Maine, USA. Ophelia 39: 1–21.DuranteK.M.SebensK.P.1994Reproductive ecology of the ascidians Molgula citrina (Alder & Hancock, 1848) and Aplidium glabrum (Verrill, 1871) from the Gulf of Maine, USAOphelia.3912110.1080/00785326.1994.10429898Search in Google Scholar

Dybern, B.I. (1963). Biotope choice in Ciona intestinalis (L). Zool. Bidr. Upps. 35: 589–602.DybernB.I.1963Biotope choice in Ciona intestinalis (L)Zool. Bidr. Upps35589602Search in Google Scholar

Dybern, B.I. (1969). Distribution and ecology of ascidians in Kviturdvikpollen and Vagsbopollen on the west coast of Norway. Sarsia. 37: 21–40.DybernB.I.1969Distribution and ecology of ascidians in Kviturdvikpollen and Vagsbopollen on the west coast of NorwaySarsia37214010.1080/00364827.1969.10411143Search in Google Scholar

Edward, P.J.K. & Ayyakkannu, K. (1991). Studies on the ecology of plankton community of Kollidam estuary, southeast coast of India. I. Phytoplankton. Mahasagar Bull. Natl. Inst. Oceanogr. 24: 89–97.EdwardP.J.K.AyyakkannuK.1991Studies on the ecology of plankton community of Kollidam estuary, southeast coast of India. I. PhytoplanktonMahasagar Bull. Natl. Inst. Oceanogr248997Search in Google Scholar

Forward, R.B J., Welch, J.M. & Young, C.M. (2000). Light induced larval release of a colonial ascidian. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 248: 225–238.ForwardR.B J.WelchJ.M.YoungC.M.2000Light induced larval release of a colonial ascidianJ. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol24822523810.1016/S0022-0981(00)00168-4Search in Google Scholar

Gittenberger, A. (2007). Recent population expansions of nonnative ascidians in the Netherlands. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 342: 122–126.GittenbergerA.2007Recent population expansions of nonnative ascidians in the NetherlandsJ. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol34212212610.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.022Search in Google Scholar

Goodbody, I. (1961). Diversity and distribution of ascidians (Tunicata) at Twin Cays, Belize. Atoll. Res. Bull. 524: 1–20.GoodbodyI.1961Diversity and distribution of ascidians (Tunicata) at Twin Cays, BelizeAtoll. Res. Bull52412010.5479/si.00775630.524.1Search in Google Scholar

Goodbody, I. (1962). The biology of Ascidia nigra (Savigny). Survival and mortality in an adult population. Biol. Bull. 122: 40–51.GoodbodyI.1962The biology of Ascidia nigra (Savigny). Survival and mortality in an adult populationBiol. Bull122405110.2307/1539320Search in Google Scholar

Harman, W.N. (1972). Benthic substrates: their effect on freshwater mollusca. Ecol. 53(2): 271–277.HarmanW.N.1972Benthic substrates: their effect on freshwater molluscaEcol.53227127710.2307/1934081Search in Google Scholar

Hedgpeth, J.W. (1957). Marine biogeography. Geol. Soc. America mem. 67(1): 359–362.HedgpethJ.W.1957Marine biogeographyGeol. Soc. America mem.67135936210.1130/MEM67V1-p359Search in Google Scholar

Holloway, M.G. & Connell, S.D. (2002). Why do floating structures create novel habitats for subtidal epibiota? Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 235: 43–52.HollowayM.G.ConnellS.D.2002Why do floating structures create novel habitats for subtidal epibiota?Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser235435210.3354/meps235043Search in Google Scholar

Inglis, G., Gust, N., Fitridge, I., Floerl, O. & Woods, C. et al. (2008). Port of Lyttelton Second baseline survey for nonindigenous marine species (Research Profext ZBS2000-04) MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Technical Paper 1–139.InglisG.GustN.FitridgeI.FloerlO.WoodsC.2008Port of Lyttelton Second baseline survey for nonindigenous marine species (Research Profext ZBS2000-04)MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Technical Paper1139Search in Google Scholar

Jackson, J.B.C. & Buss, L. (1975). Allelopathy and spatial competition among coral reef invertebrates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 72(12): 5160–5163.JacksonJ.B.C.BussL.1975Allelopathy and spatial competition among coral reef invertebratesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA72125160516310.1073/pnas.72.12.516038889616592298Search in Google Scholar

Kanaban, N. (1952). Development of the larvae of Ascidiella aspersa (Muller) at different salinities and temperatures. The dependence of the distribution of the species upon the hydrographic circumstances. Avh. Norske Vidensk Akod. Olso. 3: 1–24.KanabanN.1952Development of the larvae of Ascidiella aspersa (Muller) at different salinities and temperatures. The dependence of the distribution of the species upon the hydrographic circumstancesAvh. Norske Vidensk Akod. Olso3124Search in Google Scholar

Karthikeyan, M.M. (2010). Studies on Ascidians (Chordata: Urochordata) from Palk Bay Region, Southeast coals of India. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India. 1–182.KarthikeyanM.M.2010Studies on Ascidians (Chordata: Urochordata) from Palk Bay Region, Southeast coals of India.Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Annamalai UniversityTamil Nadu, India1182Search in Google Scholar

Kott, P. (1985). The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 1, Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 23: 1–440.KottP.1985The Australian Ascidiacea. Part 1, Phlebobranchia and StolidobranchiaMem. Queensl. Mus231440Search in Google Scholar

Kott, P. (2002). Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. The Beagle, Records of the Mus. & Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 18: 19–55.KottP.2002Ascidiacea (Tunicata) from Darwin, Northern Territory, AustraliaThe Beagle, Records of the Mus. & Art Galleries of the Northern Territory.181955Search in Google Scholar

Kott, P. (2005). New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3). J. Nat. Hist. 39: 2409–2497.KottP.2005New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3)J. Nat. Hist392409249710.1080/00222930500087077Search in Google Scholar

Krishnan, R., Chandran, M.R. & Renganathan, T.K. (1989). On the occurrence of four species of ascidians new to Indian waters. Geobios new Reports. 8:70–74.KrishnanR.ChandranM.R.RenganathanT.K.1989On the occurrence of four species of ascidians new to Indian watersGeobios new Reports.87074Search in Google Scholar

Kuhl, M. & Larkum, A.W.D. (2002). The microenvironment and photosynthetic performance of Prochloron sp. in symbiosis with didemnid ascidians. In J. Seckbach (Ed.), Cellular origin and life in extreme habitats vol 3: symbiosis, mechanisms and model systems (pp. 273–290). Kluwer, Dordr.KuhlM.LarkumA.W.D.2002The microenvironment and photosynthetic performance of Prochloron sp. in symbiosis with didemnid ascidiansSeckbachJ.Cellular origin and life in extreme habitats vol 3: symbiosis, mechanisms and model systems273290KluwerDordr.Search in Google Scholar

Lambert, C.C. & Lambert, G. (2003). Persistence and differential distribution of nonindigenous ascidians in harbors of the Southern California Bight. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 259: 145–161.LambertC.C.LambertG.2003Persistence and differential distribution of nonindigenous ascidians in harbors of the Southern California BightMar. Ecol. Prog. Ser25914516110.3354/meps259145Search in Google Scholar

Lambert, C.C. & Lambert, G. (2001). A global overview of ascidian introductions and their possible impact on the endemic fauna. In H. Sawada, H. Yokosawa & C.C. Lambert (Eds.), The Biology of Ascidians (pp. 249–257). Tokyo: Springer-Verlag.LambertC.C.LambertG.2001A global overview of ascidian introductions and their possible impact on the endemic faunaSawadaH.YokosawaH.LambertC.C.The Biology of Ascidians249257TokyoSpringer-Verlag10.1007/978-4-431-66982-1_40Search in Google Scholar

Lambert, G. (2002). Nonindigenous ascidians in tropical waters. Pac. Sci. 56: 291–298.LambertG.2002Nonindigenous ascidians in tropical watersPac. Sci5629129810.1353/psc.2002.0026Search in Google Scholar

Lambert, G. (2007). Invasive sea squirts: A growing global problem. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 342: 3–4.LambertG.2007Invasive sea squirts: A growing global problemJ. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol3423410.1016/j.jembe.2006.10.009Search in Google Scholar

Meenakshi, V.K. & Renganathan, T.K. (1997). On the occurrence of rare simple ascidian, Rhodosoma turcicum (Savigny, 1816) from India. Geobios new Reports 16: 152–153.MeenakshiV.K.RenganathanT.K.1997On the occurrence of rare simple ascidian, Rhodosoma turcicum (Savigny, 1816) from IndiaGeobios new Reports.16152153Search in Google Scholar

Meenakshi, V.K. (1997). Biology of a few chosen ascidians. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India.MeenakshiV.K.1997Biology of a few chosen ascidians.Unpublished doctoral dissertationManonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveli, IndiaSearch in Google Scholar

Meenakshi, V.K. (2005). Addition to the ascidian fauna of India. J. Mar. Boil. Ass. India 47(1): 36–49.MeenakshiV.K.2005Addition to the ascidian fauna of IndiaJ. Mar. Boil. Ass. India4713649Search in Google Scholar

Meenakshi, V.K. (2008). A report on the biodiversity of Indian ascidians. Glimpes of Aquatic BiodiversityRajiv Gandhi Chair Spl. Pub.7: 213–219.MeenakshiV.K.2008A report on the biodiversity of Indian ascidiansGlimpes of Aquatic Biodiversity – Rajiv Gandhi Chair Spl. Pub7213219Search in Google Scholar

Meenakshi, V.K. & Renganathan, T.K. (1999). Phallusia polytrema (Herdman, 1906) – A new record to Indian waters. Geobios new Reports. 18: 61–63.MeenakshiV.K.RenganathanT.K.1999Phallusia polytrema (Herdman, 1906) – A new record to Indian watersGeobios new Reports186163Search in Google Scholar

Millar, R. H. (1965). Ascidians from the tropical coast of West Africa. Atlantide Report. 8: 247–255.MillarR. H.1965Ascidians from the tropical coast of West AfricaAtlantide Report8247255Search in Google Scholar

Millar, R.H. (1971). The biology of ascidians. Adv. Mar. Biol. 9: 1–100.MillarR.H.1971The biology of ascidiansAdv. Mar. Biol9110010.1016/S0065-2881(08)60341-7Search in Google Scholar

Mondal, J., Raghunathan, C., Mondal, T. & Venkataraman, K. (2015). Diversity and Distribution of Common Ascidians of South Andaman. International day for Biological diversity, Biodiversity for sustainable development.MondalJ.RaghunathanC.MondalT.VenkataramanK.2015Diversity and Distribution of Common Ascidians of South AndamanInternational day for Biological diversity, Biodiversity for sustainable development.Search in Google Scholar

Monniot, C., Monniot, F. & Laboute, P. (1991). Coral reef ascidians of New Caledonia. Orstom, Paris.MonniotC.MonniotF.LabouteP.1991Coral reef ascidians of New Caledonia.OrstomParisSearch in Google Scholar

Nair, N.B. & Thamby, D.M. (1980). A textbook of marine ecology. The Macmillan, Co. Ltd. India.NairN.B.ThambyD.M.1980A textbook of marine ecology.The Macmillan, Co. Ltd.IndiaSearch in Google Scholar

Nakashima, K., Yamada, L., Satou, Y., Azuma, J. & Satoh, N. (2004). The evolutionary origin of animal cellulose synthase. Dev. Genes. Evol. 214: 81–88.NakashimaK.YamadaL.SatouY.AzumaJ.SatohN.2004The evolutionary origin of animal cellulose synthaseDev. Genes. Evol214818810.1007/s00427-003-0379-8Search in Google Scholar

Negi, S.S. (1996). Biosphere Reserves in India New Delhi. Indus Publishing Company.NegiS.S.1996Biosphere Reserves in India New DelhiIndus Publishing Company.Search in Google Scholar

Newlon, A.W.I., Yund, P.O. & Stewart-Savage, J. (2003). Phenotypic plasticity of reproductive effort in a colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri. J. Exp. Zool. Part A 297: 180–188.NewlonA.W.I.YundP.O.Stewart-SavageJ.2003Phenotypic plasticity of reproductive effort in a colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseriJ. Exp. Zool. Part A.29718018810.1002/jez.a.10244Search in Google Scholar

Nielson, W.G. (1950). Experimental studies of selective predation on amphipods: consequences for amphipod distribution and abundance. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 38: 225–245NielsonW.G.1950Experimental studies of selective predation on amphipods: consequences for amphipod distribution and abundanceJ. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.3822524510.1016/0022-0981(79)90069-8Search in Google Scholar

Oka, A. (1915). Report on the Tunicata in the collection of the Indian Museum. Mem. Indian. Mus. 6: 1–33.OkaA.1915Report on the Tunicata in the collection of the Indian MuseumMem. Indian. Mus6133Search in Google Scholar

Piola, F.P. & Johnston, E.L. (2008). Pollution reduces native diversity and increases invader dominance in marine hard-substrate communities. Divers. Distrib. 14: 329–342. 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00430.x.PiolaF.P.JohnstonE.L.2008Pollution reduces native diversity and increases invader dominance in marine hard-substrate communitiesDivers. Distrib1432934210.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00430.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

Pisut, D.P. & Pawlik, J.R. (2002). Anti-predatory chemical defenses of ascidians: secondary metabolites or inorganic acids? J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 270: 203–214.PisutD.P.PawlikJ.R.2002Anti-predatory chemical defenses of ascidians: secondary metabolites or inorganic acids?J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol27020321410.1016/S0022-0981(02)00023-0Search in Google Scholar

Pourquie, O. ( 2001). A macho way to make muscels. Nature 409: 679–680.PourquieO.2001A macho way to make muscelsNature.40967968010.1038/3505565711217846Search in Google Scholar

Renganathan, T.K. (1981). On the occurrence of colonial ascidian, Didemnum psammathodes (Sluiter, 1985) from India. Curr. Sci. 50(20): 922.RenganathanT.K.1981On the occurrence of colonial ascidian, Didemnum psammathodes (Sluiter, 1985) from IndiaCurr. Sci.5020922Search in Google Scholar

Renganathan, T.K. (1982). On the occurrence of colonial ascidian Lissoclinum fragile (Van Name, 1902) from India. Curr. Sci. 51(3): 149.RenganathanT.K.1982On the occurrence of colonial ascidian Lissoclinum fragile (Van Name, 1902) from IndiaCurr. Sci.513149Search in Google Scholar

Renganathan, T.K. (1983). First record of a simple ascidian Microcosmus curvus Tokioka, 1954 from Indian waters. Curr. Sci. 52(19): 929–930.RenganathanT.K.1983First record of a simple ascidian Microcosmus curvus Tokioka, 1954 from Indian watersCurr. Sci.5219929930Search in Google Scholar

Renganathan, T.K. (1984). New record and redescription of a rare colonial ascidian Eudistoma viride Tokioka 1955 from the Indian waters. Geobios New Reports 3: 49–51.RenganathanT.K.1984New record and redescription of a rare colonial ascidian Eudistoma viride Tokioka 1955 from the Indian watersGeobios New Reports.34951Search in Google Scholar

Rinkevich, B., Paz, G., Douek, J., Mo1, C. & Goren, M. (2003). Genetic structure of Botryllus schlosseri (Tunicata) populations from the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 250: 153–162.RinkevichB.PazG.DouekJ.Mo1C.GorenM.2003Genetic structure of Botryllus schlosseri (Tunicata) populations from the Mediterranean coast of IsraelMar. Ecol. Prog. Ser25015316210.3354/meps250153Search in Google Scholar

Rius, M., Pascual, M. & Turon, X. (2008). Phylogeography of the widespread marine invader Microcosmus squamiger (Ascidiacea) reveals high genetic diversity of introduced populations and non-independent colonisations. Divers. Distrib. 14: 818–828.RiusM.PascualM.TuronX.2008Phylogeography of the widespread marine invader Microcosmus squamiger (Ascidiacea) reveals high genetic diversity of introduced populations and non-independent colonisationsDivers. Distrib1481882810.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00485.xSearch in Google Scholar

Runnstrom, S. (1929). Weitere studien uber die Temperaturanpassung der fortplanzung und Entwicklung mariner Tiere. Bergens Mus. Arb. 10: 1–33.RunnstromS.1929Weitere studien uber die Temperaturanpassung der fortplanzung und Entwicklung mariner TiereBergens Mus. Arb10133Search in Google Scholar

Sabbadin, A.(1955).Osservazionisullosviluppo, l’accrescimento e la reproduzione di Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas), in condizioni di laboratorio. Italian Journal of Zoology. 22(2): 243–263. 10.1080/11250005509439204.SabbadinA.1955Osservazionisullosviluppo, l’accrescimento e la reproduzione di Botryllus schlosseri (Pallas), in condizioni di laboratorioItalian Journal of Zoology.22224326310.1080/11250005509439204Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Sebastian, V.O. (1952). A new species of Synascidian from Madras. Curr. Sci. 21: 316–317.SebastianV.O.1952A new species of Synascidian from MadrasCurr. Sci21316317Search in Google Scholar

Sebastian, V.O. (1954). On Polyclinum indicum, a new Synascidian from the Madras Coast of India. Washington Acad. Sci. 44: 18–24.SebastianV.O.1954On Polyclinum indicum, a new Synascidian from the Madras Coast of IndiaWashington Acad. Sci441824Search in Google Scholar

Sebastian, V.O. (1955). Perophora listeri indica var. Nova, a new ascidian from the Madras coast of India. Zool. Anz. 154(11/12): 266–288.SebastianV.O.1955Perophora listeri indica var. Nova, a new ascidian from the Madras coast of IndiaZool. Anz.15411/12266288Search in Google Scholar

Sebastian, V.O. (1956). Symplegma viride Herdman and Symplegma viride Stolonica Berril, two unrecorded fouling organisms from Indian seas. J. Timb. Dry.Preserv. Ass. India. 11(3): 2–4.SebastianV.O.1956Symplegma viride Herdman and Symplegma viride Stolonica Berril, two unrecorded fouling organisms from Indian seasJ. Timb. Dry. Preserv. Ass. India.11324Search in Google Scholar

Shannon, C.E. & Weaver (1964). The Mathematical Theory of communication. The University of Illinois press Urbana.ShannonC.E. Weaver1964The Mathematical Theory of communicationThe University of Illinois pressUrbanaSearch in Google Scholar

Shenkar, N. & Loya, Y. (2009). Non-indigenous ascidians (Chordata: Tunicata) along the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Mar. Biodivers. Rec. 2: 1–7.ShenkarN.LoyaY.2009Non-indigenous ascidians (Chordata: Tunicata) along the Mediterranean coast of IsraelMar. Biodivers. Rec21710.1017/S1755267209990753Search in Google Scholar

Shenkar, N. & Swalla, B.J. (2011). Global diversity of Ascidiacea. PLoS ONE 6(6): 1–12.ShenkarN.SwallaB.J.2011Global diversity of AscidiaceaPLoS ONE6611210.1371/journal.pone.0020657311906121701684Search in Google Scholar

Tamilselvi, M., Sivakumar, V., Abdul Jaffar Ali, H. & Thilaga, R.D. (2012). Diversity and seasonal variations of Class Ascidiacea in Thoothukudi coast, India. Int. J. Envir. Sci. 3(3): 1097–1115.TamilselviM.SivakumarV.Abdul Jaffar AliH.ThilagaR.D.2012Diversity and seasonal variations of Class Ascidiacea in Thoothukudi coast, IndiaInt. J. Envir. Sci.3310971115Search in Google Scholar

Van Name, W.G. (1945). The North and South American Ascidians. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 84: 1–476.Van NameW.G.1945The North and South American AscidiansBull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist841476Search in Google Scholar

Vazquez, E. & Young, C.M. (1996). Responses of compound ascidian larvae to haloclines. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 133: 179–190.VazquezE.YoungC.M.1996Responses of compound ascidian larvae to haloclinesMar. Ecol. Prog. Ser13317919010.3354/meps133179Search in Google Scholar

Vazquez, E. & Young C.M. (2000). Ascidiaceos del “fouling” de la ensenada de A Grana, Ra de Ferrol (Galicia, Espana). Nova. Acta. Cientfica. Compostelana. (Bioloxa) 3: 161–167.VazquezE.YoungC.M.2000Ascidiaceos del “fouling” de la ensenada de A Grana, Ra de Ferrol (Galicia, Espana)Nova. Acta. Cientfica. Compostelana. (Bioloxa)3161167Search in Google Scholar

Venkataraman, K., Raghunathan, C., Raghuraman, R. & Sreeraj, C.R. (2012). Marine Biodiversity in India. Published by Director, ZSI, Kolkata.VenkataramanK.RaghunathanC.RaghuramanR.SreerajC.R.2012Marine Biodiversity in India.Published by DirectorZSI, KolkataSearch in Google Scholar

Vervoort, H.C., Pawlik, J.R. & Fenical, W. (1998). Chemical defense of the Caribbean ascidian Didemnum conchyliatum. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 164: 221–228.VervoortH.C.PawlikJ.R.FenicalW.1998Chemical defense of the Caribbean ascidianDidemnum conchyliatum. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser16422122810.3354/meps164221Search in Google Scholar

Walls Jackson, J.B.C. (1977). Competition on marine hard substrata: the adaptive significance of solitary and colonial strategies Am. Nat. 111: 743–767.Walls JacksonJ.B.C.1977Competition on marine hard substrata: the adaptive significance of solitary and colonial strategiesAm. Nat11174376710.1086/283203Search in Google Scholar

Young, C.M. (1989). Defenses and refuges: alternative mechanisms of coexistence between a predatory gastropod and its ascidian prey. Mar. Biol. 91: 513–522.YoungC.M.1989Defenses and refuges: alternative mechanisms of coexistence between a predatory gastropod and its ascidian preyMar. Biol9151352210.1007/BF00392603Search in Google Scholar

eISSN:
1897-3191
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
4 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Chemistry, other, Geosciences, Life Sciences