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The use of diatoms to assess the water quality in the Wisłoka River in the town of Dębica and the surrounding area

Teresa Noga
Teresa Noga
, 
Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska
Jadwiga Stanek-Tarkowska
, 
Łukasz Peszek
Łukasz Peszek
, 
Anita Pajączek
Anita Pajączek
, 
Natalia Kochman-Kędziora
Natalia Kochman-Kędziora
 and 
Rafał Ligęzka
Rafał Ligęzka
   | Jun 22, 2016
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Article Category: Original research paper
Published Online: Jun 22, 2016
Page range: 191 - 201
Received: Jul 24, 2015
Accepted: Oct 14, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2016-0018
Keywords
© Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdañsk, Poland. All rights reserved.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

The location of sampling sites: 1 – site no. 1 in Podgrodzie village, 2-3 – sites in the Dębica town, 4 – site no. 4 in the Brzeznica village (own study based on data from the Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation Centre in Rzeszów)
The location of sampling sites: 1 – site no. 1 in Podgrodzie village, 2-3 – sites in the Dębica town, 4 – site no. 4 in the Brzeznica village (own study based on data from the Geodetic and Cartographic Documentation Centre in Rzeszów)

Figure 2

Dominance structure (%) in diatom assemblages and Shannon-Wiener (H’) diversity index values at the sampling sites in the Wisłoka River
Dominance structure (%) in diatom assemblages and Shannon-Wiener (H’) diversity index values at the sampling sites in the Wisłoka River

Figure 3

PCA ordination of sampling sites determined by relative community composition. Circled clusters represent sites of similarity based on the sampling season. Three distinct zones were identified (green points – spring season, yellow points – summer season, orange points – autumn season, blue points – winter season). The main species codes are as follows: A-pyr – Achnanthidium pyrenaicum, A-min – Achnanthidium minutissimum var. minutissimum, A-ped – Amphora pediculus, C-ped – Cocconeis pediculus, C-plc – Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta, C-men – Cyclotella meneghiniana, E-sub – Eolimna subminuscula, U-uln – Ulnaria ulna, G-ter – Gomphonema tergestinum, G-oli – Gomphonema olivaceum var. olivaceum, H-mon – Halamphora montana, M-ato – Mayamaea atomus var. atomus, M-var – Melosira varians, N-cap – Navicula capitatoradiata, N-cry – Navicula cryptotenella, N-gre – Navicula gregaria, N-lan – Navicula lanceolata, N-rei – Navicula reichardtiana, N-ven – Navicula veneta, N-aci – Nitzschia acicularis, N-dis – Nitzschia dissipata ssp. dissipata, N-fru – Nitzschia frustulum var. inconspicua, N-pal – Nitzschia palea, N-pus – Nitzschia pusilla, R-uni – Reimeria uniseriata, R-abr – Rhoicosphenia abbreviata, S-han – Stephanodiscus hantzschi, S-min – Surirella minuta, S-bre – Surirella brebissonii var. brebissonii
PCA ordination of sampling sites determined by relative community composition. Circled clusters represent sites of similarity based on the sampling season. Three distinct zones were identified (green points – spring season, yellow points – summer season, orange points – autumn season, blue points – winter season). The main species codes are as follows: A-pyr – Achnanthidium pyrenaicum, A-min – Achnanthidium minutissimum var. minutissimum, A-ped – Amphora pediculus, C-ped – Cocconeis pediculus, C-plc – Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta, C-men – Cyclotella meneghiniana, E-sub – Eolimna subminuscula, U-uln – Ulnaria ulna, G-ter – Gomphonema tergestinum, G-oli – Gomphonema olivaceum var. olivaceum, H-mon – Halamphora montana, M-ato – Mayamaea atomus var. atomus, M-var – Melosira varians, N-cap – Navicula capitatoradiata, N-cry – Navicula cryptotenella, N-gre – Navicula gregaria, N-lan – Navicula lanceolata, N-rei – Navicula reichardtiana, N-ven – Navicula veneta, N-aci – Nitzschia acicularis, N-dis – Nitzschia dissipata ssp. dissipata, N-fru – Nitzschia frustulum var. inconspicua, N-pal – Nitzschia palea, N-pus – Nitzschia pusilla, R-uni – Reimeria uniseriata, R-abr – Rhoicosphenia abbreviata, S-han – Stephanodiscus hantzschi, S-min – Surirella minuta, S-bre – Surirella brebissonii var. brebissonii

Figure 4

Diagram of the redundancy analysis (RDA) presenting the relationships between the analyzed diatom assemblages and water chemical parameters (green points – spring season, yellow points – summer season). Taxa abbreviations – see the Fig. 3.
Diagram of the redundancy analysis (RDA) presenting the relationships between the analyzed diatom assemblages and water chemical parameters (green points – spring season, yellow points – summer season). Taxa abbreviations – see the Fig. 3.

The range of indices values and corresponding ecological status according to Dumnicka et al. (2006)

Water Quality Class

* according to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment from 22 October 2014 (Dz. U. No 0, pos. 1482).

 Ecological status SPI GDI TDI Trophic state
I high > 17 > 17 <35 oligotrophic
II good 15-17 14-17 35-50 oligo/mesotrophic
III moderate 12-15 11-14 50-60 mesotrophic
IV poor 8-12 8-11 60-75 eutrophic
V bad <8 <8 >75 hypertrophic

Values of diatom indices at the studied sites in the Wisłoka River in 2010-2011

Values of physicochemical water parameters with description of sampling sites (1-4) in the Wisłoka River

Parameter Unit Site
150° 0’56.8” N21° 19’ 59.6” E 250° 3’ 27.8” N21° 23’ 25.2” E 350° 3’ 50.3” N21° 24’ 13.2” E 450° 6’ 14.9” N21° 28’ 8.6” E
Insolation high high high high
Bottom stony stony stones and silt stones and silt
Width m ca 35 ca 60 ca 50 ca 35
Temperature °C 2-20 3-21 2-21 2-22
pH 6.5-7.7 6.7-7.6 6.6-7.5 6.6-7.5
Conductivity µS cm-1 364-463 404-451 372-450 423-480
Cl- mg l-1 9.43-9.54 5.70-10.31 6.78-10.29 7.80-11.45
NO2,-N 0.18-0.22 0.12-0.25 0.11-0.19 <0.15
NO3-N 1.41-3.83 1.61-2.20 1.65-2.69 1.51-2.82
SO,42- 33.54-33.90 21.85-35.96 25.35-35.81 27.51-38.31
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