<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Tungsten is a prime candidate material for the plasma-facing components in future fusion devices, e.g. ITER and DEMO. Because of the harsh and complex loading conditions and the differences in material properties, joining of the tungsten armor to the underlying construction and/or cooling parts is a complicated issue. To alleviate the thermal stresses at the joint, a sharp interface may be replaced by a gradual one with a smoothly varying composition. In this paper, several techniques for the formation of tungsten-steel composites and graded layers are reviewed. These include plasma spraying, laser cladding, hot pressing and spark plasma sintering. Structure, composition and selected thermal and mechanical properties of representative layers produced by each of these techniques are presented. A summary of advantages and disadvantages of the techniques and an assessment of their suitability for the production of plasma-facing components is provided.</p></abstract>

Tungsten is a prime candidate material for the plasma-facing components in future fusion devices, e.g. ITER and DEMO. Because of the harsh and complex loading conditions and the differences in material properties, joining of the tungsten armor to the underlying construction and/or cooling parts is a complicated issue. To alleviate the thermal stresses at the joint, a sharp interface may be replaced by a gradual one with a smoothly varying composition. In this paper, several techniques for the formation of tungsten-steel composites and graded layers are reviewed. These include plasma spraying, laser cladding, hot pressing and spark plasma sintering. Structure, composition and selected thermal and mechanical properties of representative layers produced by each of these techniques are presented. A summary of advantages and disadvantages of the techniques and an assessment of their suitability for the production of plasma-facing components is provided.

Overview of processing technologies for tungsten-steel composites and FGMs for fusion applications

Institute of Plasma Physics ASCR, Za Slovankou 3, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic, Tel.: +420 26 605 3307, Fax: +420 28 658 6389

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Tungsten is a prime candidate material for the plasma-facing components in future fusion devices, e.g. ITER and DEMO. Because of the harsh and complex loading...

Overview of processing technologies for tungsten-steel composites and FGMs for fusion applications

Published Online: Jun 22, 2015

Page range: 267 - 273

Received: Jun 09, 2014

Accepted: Nov 19, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/nuka-2015-0049

Keywords
plasma-facing components, functionally graded materials (FGMs), tungsten, steel, plasma spraying, powder metallurgy

© Jiří Matějíček et al.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Overview of processing technologies for tungsten-steel composites and FGMs for fusion applications

Published Online: Jun 22, 2015

Page range: 267 - 273

Received: Jun 09, 2014

Accepted: Nov 19, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/nuka-2015-0049

Keywordsplasma-facing components, functionally graded materials (FGMs), tungsten, steel, plasma spraying, powder metallurgy

© Jiří Matějíček et al.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
plasma-facing components, functionally graded materials (FGMs), tungsten, steel, plasma spraying, powder metallurgy