Up or Down the Value Chain? A Comparative Analysis of the GVC Position of the Economies of the New EU Member States
and | Sep 30, 2017
About this article
Published Online: Sep 30, 2017
Page range: 19 - 36
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ceej-2017-0003
Keywords
© 2017 J. Hagemejer, M. Ghodsi, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.
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Fig. A
Upstreamness of world sectors. Note: R-columns show the world ranking.
| Sector | 1995 | 2005 | 2011 | R1995 | R2005 | R2011 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture. Hunting. Forestry and Fishing | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 18 | 17 | 17 |
| Mining and Quarrying | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Food. Beverages and Tobacco | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 28 | 28 | 27 |
| Textile and Textile Products | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 20 | 21 | 16 |
| Leather. Leather and Footwear | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 25 | 27 | 23 |
| Wood and Products of Wood and Cork | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 8 | 5 | 5 |
| Pulp, Paper, Printing and Publishing | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3 | 7 | 7 |
| Coke. Refined Petroleum and Nuclear Fuel | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 11 | 10 | 9 |
| Chemicals and Chemical Products | 2.7 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
| Rubber and Plastics | 2.8 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
| Other Non-Metallic Mineral | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 10 | 12 | 12 |
| Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Machinery. Nec | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 23 | 20 | 19 |
| Electrical and Optical Equipment | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 16 | 14 | 13 |
| Transport Equipment | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 22 | 22 | 22 |
| Manufacturing, Nec; Recycling | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 26 | 25 | 26 |
| Electricity, Gas and Water Supply | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 12 | 9 | 8 |
| Construction | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 31 | 31 | 31 |
| Sale, Maintenance and Repair of Vehicles | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 21 | 23 | 24 |
| Wholesale Trade and Commission Trade | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 17 | 18 | 20 |
| Retail Trade, Except of Motor Vehicles | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 27 | 26 | 28 |
| Hotels and Restaurants | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 29 | 29 | 29 |
| Inland Transport | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 15 | 13 | 14 |
| Water Transport | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 9 | 6 | 6 |
| Air Transport | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 19 | 19 | 21 |
| Other Supporting and Auxiliary Transport | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 6 | 8 | 10 |
| Post and Telecommunications | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 14 | 16 | 18 |
| Financial Intermediation | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 13 | 15 | 15 |
| Real Estate Activities | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
| Renting of M&Eq and Other Business Activities | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 7 | 11 | 11 |
| Public Administration and Defence | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 33 | 34 | 34 |
| Education | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 34 | 32 | 32 |
| Health and Social Work | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 35 | 35 | 35 |
| Other Community. Social and Personal Services | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 24 | 24 | 25 |
Country groupings
| Country | Group |
|---|---|
| AUS | High Income |
| AUT | EU-15 |
| BEL | EU-15 |
| BGR | NMS |
| BRA | Em. Other |
| CAN | High income |
| CHN | Em. Asia |
| CYP | NMS |
| CZE | NMS |
| DEU | EU-15 |
| DNK | EU-15 |
| ESP | EU-15 |
| EST | NMS |
| FIN | EU-15 |
| FRA | EU-15 |
| GBR | EU-15 |
| GRC | EU-15 |
| HUN | NMS |
| IDN | Em. Asia |
| IND | Em. Asia |
| IRL | EU-15 |
| ITA | EU-15 |
| JPN | High Income |
| KOR | Em. Asia |
| LTU | NMS |
| LUX | EU-15 |
| LVA | NMS |
| MEX | Em. Other |
| MLT | NMS |
| NLD | EU-15 |
| POL | NMS |
| PRT | EU-15 |
| ROU | NMS |
| RUS | Em. Other |
| SVK | NMS |
| SVN | NMS |
| SWE | EU-15 |
| TUR | Em. Other |
| TWN | Em. Asia |
| USA | High Income |
Share of manufacturing exports in 2011.
| Sector | BGR | CZE | EST | HUN | LTU | LVA | POL | ROU | SVK | SVN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food, Beverages and Tobacco | 6.1% | 3.1% | 6.8% | 3.1% | 8.6% | 7.0% | 8.3% | 1.7% | 3.4% | 2.9% |
| Textiles and Textile Products | 5.2% | 2.1% | 4.8% | 0.9% | 4.8% | 2.4% | 3.6% | 7.3% | 2.4% | 3.0% |
| Leather, Leather and Footwear | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.6% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.5% | 2.9% | 1.3% | 1.1% |
| Wood and Products of Wood and Cork | 0.9% | 0.9% | 7.8% | 0.3% | 2.6% | 7.8% | 1.8% | 2.2% | 1.6% | 2.2% |
| Pulp, Paper, Printing and Publishing | 1.0% | 2.2% | 2.9% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.0% | 2.4% | 0.5% | 2.6% | 3.4% |
| Coke, Refined Petroleum and Nuclear Fuel | 7.9% | 1.3% | 1.7% | 2.8% | 15.3% | 0.0% | 4.1% | 2.9% | 3.7% | 0.1% |
| Chemicals and Chemical Products | 4.7% | 5.4% | 4.3% | 7.5% | 6.9% | 4.1% | 6.1% | 4.6% | 3.9% | 12.7% |
| Rubber and Plastics | 1.6% | 4.3% | 2.7% | 4.0% | 2.6% | 1.2% | 5.1% | 2.7% | 3.4% | 5.0% |
| Other Non-Metallic Mineral | 2.3% | 1.8% | 1.9% | 1.1% | 0.6% | 1.0% | 1.7% | 0.5% | 1.6% | 1.7% |
| Basic Metal and Fabricated Metal | 13.6% | 9.6% | 6.1% | 5.0% | 2.2% | 6.6% | 10.2% | 7.9% | 11.5% | 11.3% |
| Machinery, Nec | 5.3% | 9.4% | 3.2% | 10.5% | 2.1% | 1.8% | 5.4% | 5.6% | 5.9% | 12.0% |
| Electrical and Optical Equipment | 4.1% | 21.1% | 12.2% | 21.7% | 3.8% | 2.9% | 8.3% | 9.5% | 18.7% | 9.6% |
| Transport Equipment | 2.3% | 17.3% | 2.9% | 13.5% | 1.9% | 4.2% | 15.2% | 9.2% | 19.1% | 12.4% |
| Manufacturing, Nec; Recycling | 2.2% | 3.3% | 5.2% | 0.8% | 4.0% | 2.9% | 4.7% | 3.2% | 2.6% | 2.3% |
Structure of the NMS manufacturing in 2011.
| Sector | Share in output | Share in exports |
|---|---|---|
| Leather, Leather and Footwear | 0.6% | 1.0% |
| Wood and Products of Wood and Cork | 3.0% | 2.0% |
| Textiles and Textile products | 3.0% | 4.0% |
| Manufacturing, Nec; Recycling | 3.7% | 4.3% |
| Other Non-Metallic Mineral | 4.1% | 2.0% |
| Pulp, Paper, Printing and Publishing | 4.7% | 2.6% |
| Rubber and Plastics | 5.5% | 5.5% |
| Chemicals and Chemical Products | 6.4% | 8.1% |
| Coke, Refined Petroleum and Nuclear Fuel | 6.9% | 4.4% |
| Machinery, Nec | 7.6% | 9.7% |
| Electrical and Optical Equipment | 11.8% | 19.0% |
| Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal | 13.2% | 11.9% |
| Transport Equipment | 14.0% | 18.8% |
| Food, Beverages and Tobacco | 15.4% | 6.7% |