<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Prolonged and/or intense drought leads to the deterioration of plant water balance, inducing embolism formation in the water conducting system, the xylem. The consequent loss of water transport capacity from roots to leaves (hydraulic failure) has been proposed as a main driver of plant mortality. Substantial inter- and intraspecific variation of resistance to embolism formation has been reported in plants. Hence, screening of different species/individuals is key to project the impact of future climate on ecosystems, while supporting breeding and reforestation. This review seeks to explain the mechanisms of water transport in plants and the phenomenon of embolism formation under drought stress by using concise and straightforward scholarly language. The main aim is to introduce non-expert readers (students, nonacademics, and academics from different scientific fields) to plant hydraulics and the controversial world of methods for measuring the vulnerability to embolism formation. To convey the message in full, we provide ranges of water potential values and widely used drought resistance indexes characterizing plants from different biomes. Various established methods used worldwide to monitor hydraulic efficiency under stress and measure hydraulic vulnerability by means of curves of different plant organs are introduced. Both classical widely used destructive methods and current non-destructive techniques, which have been gaining momentum in the last decade, are described. The main advantages and disadvantages of each method are briefly discussed to support decisions and selection of the most suitable method in experimental practice.
</abstract>

Plant hydraulics and measurement of vulnerability to embolism formation: a guide for beginners

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Macrozoobenthos is a sedentary aquatic biota and is often used as a bioindicator for assessing water conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the species diversity of the macrozoobenthos and to analyze the heavy metal contamination in <italic>Faunus ater</italic> in the Rasian and Asahan estuaries in Aceh Province, Indonesia. The sampling was carried out in July 2022 on a squared transect of 1 m × 1 m for the collection of macrozoobenthos samples at random locations. The results showed that there were 17 macrozoobenthos species from both locations, of which 14 species were found in the Rasian River estuary and seven species in the Asahan River estuary. The diversity index of macrozoobenthos was in a moderate category. <italic>Terebralia sulcata</italic> had a higher density in the Asahan River, while <italic>F. ater</italic> had a higher density in the Rasian River. The results of the heavy metal analysis in the <italic>F. ater</italic> sample showed that this macrozoobenthos was contaminated by mercury, cadmium, and lead, of which the concentration of mercury exceeded the threshold limit, and they are, therefore, not safe for consumption.
</abstract>

Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Macrozoobenthos diversity and heavy metal contamination in <italic>Faunus ater</italic> in the Rasian and Asahan rivers in the southern coast of Aceh, Indonesia

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The Russian invasion of Ukraine represents an unforeseen and significant market disruption for global trade with wide-ranging effects on global trade, particularly on the economies of the major import countries of Ukrainian agricultural commodities. The general impact and consequences of the war on the global economy are described, and key components of the market disruptions are identified and put into a historical and geographical context. The degree of interconnectedness between the war in Ukraine and world trade and global gross domestic product (GDP) indices is highlighted. Changes in production and export volumes of the main Ukrainian agricultural commodities and their impact on major import countries are described. Actual and future measures to stabilise and soften the volatility of affected agricultural markets are presented.
</abstract>

Department of Marketing, Reputation and Customer Experience Management

Department of International Trade and Marketing

Kyiv National Economic University Named After Vadym Hetmana

Institute of Marketing & Innovation at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences

The War in Ukraine and Its Impact on Global Agricultural Trade

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Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

“Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment” is an interdisciplinary forum dedicated to all aspects of research in the rural area. Our aim is to provide an international outlet for new results in all disciplines of land management, food, environment and related sciences.  The journal publishes in an open access model.  Rejection Rate   10 % (2014)   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process.  Copyright Policy  The work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.  Peer Review process  The journal uses a double-blind reviewing process, thus authors remain anonymous to referees and referees remain anonymous to authors. 

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

Volume 74 (2023): Issue 2 (December 2023)

Plant hydraulics and measurement of vulnerability to embolism formation: a guide for beginners

Macrozoobenthos diversity and heavy metal contamination in Faunus ater in the Rasian and Asahan rivers in the southern coast of Aceh, Indonesia

The War in Ukraine and Its Impact on Global Agricultural Trade

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