Years | 2004 | 2009 | 2014 | Consequences of changes across years |
---|---|---|---|---|
Choices | 7 images | 2 images | 84 images | |
Visualisation of impersonal loss: symbolic absence (the empty sea) and concrete consequences (the wreck) | Visualisation of impersonal loss: concrete consequences (the wreck) | Visualisation of the MS Estonia before the disaster Visualisation of impersonal and personal loss: symbolic absence (similarity & replacement) and concrete consequences (wreck, coffins, survivors, those left behind) | Richer information about the disaster and its consequences From impersonal to personal loss: the human factor more in focus | |
Visualisation of the sinking process (composite graphic image) Visualisation of the grieving process | Visualisation of the grieving process | Visualisation of the sinking (maps), rescue, hoisting and grieving processes | More actors enter the rhetorical arena The disaster as a process is brought closer to viewers | |
Only one demand image | No demand image | 17 demand images | Viewers are implicitly asked to enter the rhetorical arena and get involved | |
Only one offer image | Only one offer image | 25 offer images | The viewers are offered more detailed information | |
Neutral layout | Neutral layout | More complex layout with eye-catching features | Enhancement of visual information Enhancement of viewer involvement |
2004 | 2009 | 2014 | |
---|---|---|---|
Berlingske | 0 | 0 | 0 |
BT | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Ekstra Bladet | 0 | 0 | 7 |
Jylland-Posten | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Politiken | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Adresseavisen | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Aftenposten | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Bergens Tidende | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Stavanger Aftenblad | 0 | 0 | 2 |
VG | 2 | 0 | 3 |
Aftonbladet | 0 | 0 | 38 |
Dagens Nyheter | 5 | 1 | 6 |
Expressen | 0 | 0 | 7 |
Göteborgs-Posten | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Svenska Dagbladet | 0 | 1 | 6 |
Total | 7 | 2 | 84 |
Parameter categories | Parameter subcategories | ||
---|---|---|---|
Contextual | Publication date | ||
Newspaper | |||
Country | |||
Typological | Photo | ||
Graphics | |||
Composite | |||
Accompanying text | Title | ||
Caption | |||
Explanatory text | |||
Metafunctional | Ideational | Narrative | Action |
Reaction | |||
Conceptual | Symbolic | ||
Analytic | |||
Classifying | |||
Interpersonal | Contact with viewer | Demand | |
Offer | |||
Distance | Personal | ||
Impersonal | |||
Social | |||
Point of view | Involvement | ||
Detachment | |||
Textual | Salience | ||
Framing | Connection | ||
Disconnection | |||
Information value | Centred | ||
Polarised |