<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

A 3 × 3 factorial study was conducted in the southern province of Sri Lanka to compare two cultivars of Napier hybrid grass, CO-3 and CO-4, and fodder sorghum (var. sugar graze) at three cutting intervals (4, 6, and 8 weeks) during a 2-year period. For cultivars, plant height followed the order sugar graze > CO-4 > CO-3, while the stem diameter was greater for CO-3, followed by CO-4 and sugar graze. Number of leaves was always greater in hybrid Napier compared with sugar graze. Cultivar had a significant effect on annual dry matter (ADM) production (CO-3 > CO-4 > sugar graze) during both years. Sugar graze had a higher crude protein (CP) and a lower crude fiber (CF) concentration compared to CO-3 or CO-4. Cutting interval also had a significant effect on ADM production and CF concentration, with higher values obtained in the following order: 8 weeks > 6 weeks > 4 weeks. The results revealed that cultivars CO-3 and CO-4 were superior in overall DM and CP yields while Sugar graze performed equally well with highest CP and lowest CF concentrations while cutting interval of 8 weeks appears optimal for the environmental conditions in the area.
</abstract>

Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture

Forage growth, yield, and quality responses of two hybrids of Napier and sorghum at three cutting intervals in the southern province of Sri Lanka

<trans-abstract xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The North American Pawpaw (<italic>Asimina triloba</italic> (L.) Dunal) is known for its potential as an ornamental or fruit tree, and for its chemical compounds with antitumor and pesticide characters. This species is receiving increasing attention in nurseries as solitary fruit tree for the garden, or as a curiosity in orchards and the gourmet cuisine. It is only little susceptible to pests and bear fruits with a unique flavor. The pulp has a high nutritional value, is rich in ascorbin, carotin, niacin, minerals and protein. It can be considered as an excellent source of calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium. These important micronutrients are often missing in the diet of children and elderly people.
</trans-abstract>

Abteilung für Gehölzkunde und Baumschulwesen

Department für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften, Institut für Pflanzenbau

(L.) Dunal: Botany, History, Cultivation and Usage – A Review

<trans-abstract xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

In 2003 a long-term study with the North American Pawpaw (<italic>Asimina triloba</italic> (L.) Dunal) was set up at the Austrian Federal School and Research Institutes for Horticulture and Landscape Design (HBLFA) Schönbrunn in Vienna in order to test the adaptability to environmental conditions in Central Europe using 13 varieties. From the eighth year on, the trees bore fruits, which have been sensory assessed in various test series. The weights and natural ripening time of 16,164 single fruits were sampled in ten years of documentation. These data show variable total yields and fruit numbers in all varieties and years, as well as variances in the ripening distribution, the start and the length of the season. Comparable studies from Italy, Ohio and Kentucky achieved similar fruit weights but a lower numbers of fruits. There are several possible influencing factors on the growth of the North American Pawpaw. A genetic incompatibility between the rootstock and the grafted scion may lead to a loss of vitality. Pollination deficits, other pre-harvest factors and the prevailing soil environment have a significant impact on tree productivity. In addition to these factors, a good choice of variety supports excellent yields. The tasty varieties ‘Davis’, ‘Mango’, ‘NC-1’, ‘Overleese’ and ‘Prima 1216–60’ bear a large number of large fruits and showed a long ripeness distribution in this setup. These varieties show a total season length of six to eight weeks, which is conducive for retail.
</trans-abstract>

(L.) Dunal: Long-term study of 13 varieties in Austria

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The declining productivity of little millet (<italic>Panicum sumatrense</italic>) in a rural area in India necessitates finding a sustainable solution. A suitable composition of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the rhizosphere of a crop is considered important for its optimum yield. Therefore, a study was undertaken to isolate and identify suitable bacteria and see their priming effect on the productivity of little millet. Rhizospheric soil samples were used to isolate bacteria on nitrogen-free Jensen's medium. Fast-growing rhizobacterial isolates FKK5 and DUM4, which exhibit significant selected plant growth-promoting activities, were selected. Little millet seeds were inoculated with selected PGPR and a non-native <italic>Azotobacter chroococcum</italic> before sowing. The inoculated plants were grown under semi-sterile poly-house conditions. Little millet inoculated with FKK5, DUM4, and <italic>A. chroococcum</italic> (5576) showed enhanced grain yield by 28.14%, 24.72%, and 20.43%, respectively, and enhanced total biomass yield by 23.08%, 21.87%, and 19.09%, respectively. The isolates were identified as <italic>Burkholderia</italic> sp. with 0.66% dissimilarity in 16S rDNA sequence with the most closely related species in the Genbank database. The native PGPR proved to be more effective compared to non-native PGPR as biofertilizers in restoring the productivity of the nutritionally important cereal.
</abstract>

Priming effect of native rhizosphere bacteria on little millet (<italic>Panicum sumatrense</italic>)

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The objective of this work was to investigate the levels of photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], peroxidase [POX], ascorbate peroxidase [APX], glutathione reductase [GR], and MDA), total glutathione (GSH), total ascorbate (AsA), and lipid peroxidation of two spinach cultivars (Clipper and Matador) sampled in different locations in Kosovo (Prizren, Ferizaj, and Obiliq). The photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll <italic>a</italic> and <italic>b</italic> as well as carotenoids, were extracted by 80% acetone, and concentrations were calculated based on the absorbance values at 663, 645, and 480 nm. There was a significant difference in SOD, APX, and GR activities between varieties at each location. The MDA and AsA contents in Obiliq were the highest, compared to other locations. From the increase in lipid peroxidation level, it can be assumed that the degradation in pigment content was caused by the decrease in total AsA content and APX and GR enzyme activities, which are the main enzymes of the AsA–GSH cycle in chloroplasts.
</abstract>

University of Prishtina, Faculty of Agriculture

Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

Institute of Agronomy, Department of Crop Sciences

University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences

Determination of some physiological parameters in spinach (<italic>Spinacia oleracea</italic> L.) cultivated in Kosovo

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Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

“Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment” is an interdisciplinary forum dedicated to all aspects of research in the rural area. Our aim is to provide an international outlet for new results in all disciplines of land management, food, environment and related sciences.  The journal publishes in an open access model.  Rejection Rate   10 % (2014)   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process.  Copyright Policy  The work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.  Peer Review process  The journal uses a double-blind reviewing process, thus authors remain anonymous to referees and referees remain anonymous to authors. 

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

Volume 73 (2022): Issue 1 (March 2022)

Forage growth, yield, and quality responses of two hybrids of Napier and sorghum at three cutting intervals in the southern province of Sri Lanka

(L.) Dunal: Botany, History, Cultivation and Usage – A Review

(L.) Dunal: Long-term study of 13 varieties in Austria

Priming effect of native rhizosphere bacteria on little millet (Panicum sumatrense)

Determination of some physiological parameters in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) cultivated in Kosovo

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