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Study of Gas-Water Flow Inside of a Horizontal Passive Cyclonic Gas-Liquid Phase Separator System Using Displacement-Current Phase Tomography

Joshua N. Sines
Joshua N. Sines
, 
Benjamin J. Straiton
Benjamin J. Straiton
, 
Christopher E. Zuccarelli
Christopher E. Zuccarelli
, 
Qussai M. Marashdeh
Qussai M. Marashdeh
, 
Fernando L. Teixeira
Fernando L. Teixeira
, 
Liang-Shih Fan
Liang-Shih Fan
 et 
Brian J. Motil
Brian J. Motil
   | 21 juil. 2020
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Article Category: Research Article
Publié en ligne: 21 juil. 2020
Pages: 28 - 43
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2018-0008
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© 2018 Joshua N. Sines et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Diagram of test passive cyclonic gas-liquid separators with an electrical capacitance phase tomography (ECVT) sensor placed around it. The ECVT sensor is placed such that almost the entire gas core is within the sensing region.
Diagram of test passive cyclonic gas-liquid separators with an electrical capacitance phase tomography (ECVT) sensor placed around it. The ECVT sensor is placed such that almost the entire gas core is within the sensing region.

Figure 2

Photograph of the passive cyclonic gas-liquid separators with the electrical capacitance phase tomography sensor placed around it. The cables coming out of the sensor connect each capacitor plate to the data acquisition system.
Photograph of the passive cyclonic gas-liquid separators with the electrical capacitance phase tomography sensor placed around it. The cables coming out of the sensor connect each capacitor plate to the data acquisition system.

Figure 3

Passive cyclonic gas-liquid separators (PCGLS) flow loop diagram. An air compressor supplies the air flow and a water pump supplies the water flow. The two phases are mixed in a mixing chamber before being injected into the PCGLS.
Passive cyclonic gas-liquid separators (PCGLS) flow loop diagram. An air compressor supplies the air flow and a water pump supplies the water flow. The two phases are mixed in a mixing chamber before being injected into the PCGLS.

Figure 4

Air-water test flow loop diagram. The test section is oriented vertically to negate the effects of gravity on the flow. Quick close valves are used to stop the flow and measure the amount of water that settled, allowing for the calculation of the average liquid holdup.
Air-water test flow loop diagram. The test section is oriented vertically to negate the effects of gravity on the flow. Quick close valves are used to stop the flow and measure the amount of water that settled, allowing for the calculation of the average liquid holdup.

Figure 5

Photographs of three air cores corresponding to a water flow rate of 18.95 LPM and air flow rates of (A) 4.72 SLPM, (B) 9.44 SLPM, and (C) 14.15 SLPM.
Photographs of three air cores corresponding to a water flow rate of 18.95 LPM and air flow rates of (A) 4.72 SLPM, (B) 9.44 SLPM, and (C) 14.15 SLPM.

Figure 6

Gas core radius at increasing air flow rates and three constant water flow rates.
Gas core radius at increasing air flow rates and three constant water flow rates.

Figure 7

Rotational velocity at increasing air flow rates and three constant water flow rates.
Rotational velocity at increasing air flow rates and three constant water flow rates.

Figure 8

Rotational velocity of liquid-only injections at increasing water flow rates.
Rotational velocity of liquid-only injections at increasing water flow rates.

Figure 9

Typical displacement-current phase tomography cross section image reconstruction of liquid and gas distribution inside the passive cyclonic gas-liquid separators: (A) Top of Sensing Region, (B) 1/3 into Sensing Region, (C) 2/3 into Sensing Region, and (D) Bottom of Sensing Region. These images are from a 13.21 LPM, 12.27 SLPM test.
Typical displacement-current phase tomography cross section image reconstruction of liquid and gas distribution inside the passive cyclonic gas-liquid separators: (A) Top of Sensing Region, (B) 1/3 into Sensing Region, (C) 2/3 into Sensing Region, and (D) Bottom of Sensing Region. These images are from a 13.21 LPM, 12.27 SLPM test.

Figure 10

Displacement-current phase tomography reconstructed cross section images at a constant water injection rate (13.27 L/min) and varying air injection rates: (A) 2.36 SLPM, (B) 5.19 SLPM, (C) 8.02 SLPM, and (D) 12.27 SLPM.
Displacement-current phase tomography reconstructed cross section images at a constant water injection rate (13.27 L/min) and varying air injection rates: (A) 2.36 SLPM, (B) 5.19 SLPM, (C) 8.02 SLPM, and (D) 12.27 SLPM.

Figure 11

Liquid holdup over time for a water flow rate of 19 LPM and air flow rates varying from 4.75 SLPM to 9.4 SLPM. The signals from top to bottom correspond to air flow rates of: 4.75 SLPM, 5.6 SLPM, 6.6 SLPM, 7.5 SLPM, and 9.4 SLPM.
Liquid holdup over time for a water flow rate of 19 LPM and air flow rates varying from 4.75 SLPM to 9.4 SLPM. The signals from top to bottom correspond to air flow rates of: 4.75 SLPM, 5.6 SLPM, 6.6 SLPM, 7.5 SLPM, and 9.4 SLPM.

Figure 12

Displacement-current phase tomography determined angular velocities plotted against the tachometer determined angular velocity values. The vertical error bars represent the standard deviation in the DCPT angular velocity measurements.
Displacement-current phase tomography determined angular velocities plotted against the tachometer determined angular velocity values. The vertical error bars represent the standard deviation in the DCPT angular velocity measurements.

Figure 13

Absolute and relative error between the visual and electrical capacitance phase tomography liquid holdup measurements within the air-water inlet flow test.
Absolute and relative error between the visual and electrical capacitance phase tomography liquid holdup measurements within the air-water inlet flow test.

Expected and imaged average liquid holdup at varying air flow rates. Liquid flow is held constant at 13.21 LPM for these results.

ImageAir Flow Rate (SLPM)Expected Liquid HoldupImaged Liquid Holdup
A2.360.720.75
B5.190.630.62
C8.020.540.56
D12.260.450.51

Expected (from Figure 6) and imaged gas core radii at varying air flow rates. Liquid flow is held constant at 13.21 LPM for these results.

ImageAir Flow Rate (SLPM)Expected Gas Core Radius (m)Imaged Gas Core Radius (m)
A2.360.02020.0187
B5.190.02320.0234
C8.020.02580.0251
D12.260.02830.0266

Visual and electrical capacitance phase tomography (ECVT) measurements of air-water vertical flow.

Flow DirectionWater Flow Rate (LPM)Air Flow Rate (SLPM)Measured Liquid Holdup (Visual)Measured Liquid Holdup (ECVT)
Up18.9530.9690.943
Up18.9550.9300.923
Up18.9580.8790.891
Up18.95120.8270.855
Up18.95180.7570.806
Up18.95240.7170.758
Up18.95340.6500.704
Down18.9530.9430.911
Down18.9550.8900.875
Down18.9580.8220.827
Down18.95120.7620.769
Down18.95180.6750.696
Down18.95240.6300.639
Down18.95340.5550.575
Down18.95400.5200.549
Down18.95500.4850.497
Down15.16500.4050.425
Down13.25500.3800.367
Down3.79300.1700.109

Visual and displacement-current phase tomography (DCPT) measured liquid holdup at varying air and water flow rates. Highlighted rows are the four cases imaged in Figure 10.

Water Flow Rate (LPM)Air Flow Rate (SLPM)Average Liquid Holdup (Visual)Average Liquid Holdup (DCPT)
14.2132.360.8990.871
14.2133.780.8730.824
14.2135.190.870.825
14.2136.610.8670.787
14.2138.020.70.648
14.2139.440.720.667
14.21310.850.680.510
14.21312.270.6210.575
13.2652.360.720.651
13.2653.780.60.497
13.2655.190.630.547
13.2656.610.550.478
13.2658.020.540.571
13.2659.440.530.437
13.26510.850.420.343
13.26512.270.450.418
12.3182.360.580.505
12.3183.780.560.506
12.3185.190.4870.4855
12.3186.610.4640.473
12.3188.020.4220.484
12.3189.440.4030.500
12.31810.850.3840.464
12.31812.270.3520.461
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