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Dimensions of Visitor Satisfaction at Attractions: A Study of Kakum National Park, Ghana

Cornelius Tengan
Cornelius Tengan
, 
Gordon Maayir
Gordon Maayir
, 
Richmond Sakyi
Richmond Sakyi
 et 
Augustine Kuusogre
Augustine Kuusogre
   | 31 janv. 2024
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Article Category: Research Article
Publié en ligne: 31 janv. 2024
Pages: 173 - 187
Reçu: 15 avr. 2022
Accepté: 16 août 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ejthr-2023-0014
Mots clés
© 2023 Cornelius Tengan et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Map of Kakum National ParkSource: Cartographic and Remote Sensing Unit (2021)
Map of Kakum National ParkSource: Cartographic and Remote Sensing Unit (2021)

Differences between visitors’ satisfaction dimensions across socio-demographic characteristics

Satisfaction
Tangible Price Reliability Responsiveness Assurance Empathy
Variables N Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean
Sex
  Male 205 2.62 2.13 2.71 2.71 2.70 2.65
  Female 162 2.68 2.16 2.80 2.77 2.74 2.75
Age
  18–20 32 2.78 2.28 2.88 2.84 2.75 2.91
  21–29 209 2.60 2.04 2.72 2.70 2.73 2.67
  30–39 74 2.61 2.12 2.73 2.70 2.65 2.62
  40–49 22 2.86 2.46 2.82 2.82 2.77 2.82
  50+ 30 2.73 2.53 2.87 2.90 2.77 2.80
P=0.03
F=4.11*
Religion
  Christianity 287 2.62 2.09 2.74 2.70 2.70 2.68
  Atheism 40 2.75 2.43 2.88 2.95 2.87 2.80
  Islam 28 2.71 2.25 2.71 2.75 2.68 2.71
  Others 12 2.67 2.25 2.67 2.75 2.67 2.67
Continent of Origin
  North America 64 2.89 2.64 2.94 2.94 2.97 2.94
  Africa 224 2.58 2.02 2.68 2.66 2.64 2.62
  Europe 69 2.61 2.04 2.78 2.80 2.72 2.73
  Others 10 2.80 2.40 2.90 2.80 2.80 2.70
P=0.001 P<0.001 P=0.02 P<0.001 P=0.01
F=5.70* F=12.57* F= 4.98* F= 6.31* F= 5.45*
Marital Status
  Never Married 262 2.63 2.15 2.74 2.72 2.73 2.70
  Married 94 2.68 2.15 2.81 2.79 2.72 2.71
  Ever Married 11 2.73 2.00 2.55 2.64 2.55 2.64
Level of Education
  Secondary 48 2.65 2.21 2.85 2.81 2.83 2.75
  University/college 236 2.63 2.07 2.74 2.72 2.70 2.67
  Post-graduate 83 2.69 2.31 2.71 2.74 2.70 2.74
P=0.04
F= 3.24*
Employment Status
  Student 145 2.64 2.06 2.70 2.69 2.72 2.67
  Employed 207 2.66 2.18 2.79 2.76 2.72 2.72
  Unemployed 15 2.47 2.47 2.73 2.87 2.67 2.67

Dimensions of visitors’ satisfaction at the attractions (N = 367)

Dimensions % Agreement Mean Std. deviation Rank
Reliability 77.1 2.69 0.52 1
Empathy 77.0 2.68 0.63 2
Responsiveness 77.6 2.67 0.65 3
Assurance 70.3 2.61 0.65 4
Tangibles 68.3 2.53 0.71 5
Price 44.3 2.14 0.85 6
Overall satisfaction 69.1 2.55 0.62

Socio-Demographic Characteristic of Respondents (N=367)

Socio-demographic Characteristics Frequency (N= 367) Percentages (%)
Sex
  Male 205 55.9
  Female 162 44.1
Age
  18 – 20 32 8.7
  21 – 29 209 56.9
  30 – 39 74 20.2
  40 – 49 22 6.0
  50+ 30 8.2
Marital Status
  Never Married 262 71.4
  Married 94 25.6
  Previously Married 11 3.0
Religion
  Christianity 287 78.2
  Atheism 40 10.9
  Islam 28 7.6
  Others 12 3.3
Continent of Origin
  North America 64 17.4
  Africa 224 61.0
  Europe 69 18.8
  Others 10 2.8
Level of Education
  Secondary School 48 13.1
  College/University 236 64.3
  Postgraduate 83 22.6
Employment Status
  Student 145 39.5
  Employed 207 56.4
  Unemployed 15 4.1
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