Pandemic and Public Service Media: Lessons from Finland

Baekdal, Thomas 2020. ‘We need to pay close attention to news fatigue and news avoidance’. https://www.journalism.co.uk/news-commentary/-we-need-to-pay-close-attention-to-news-fatigue-and-news-avoidance-/s6/a758031/ (25 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

BBC Media Centre 2020. ‘Tony Hall’s Speech to the Edinburgh International Television Festival’. BBC Media Centre. https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/speeches/2020/tony-hall-edinburgh (25 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

BBC News 2020. ‘WHO Warns Against Coronavirus “Trolls”’. BBChttps://www.bbc.com/news/world-51429400 (23 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Bedingfield, Will 2020. ‘Coronavirus news fatigue is real and it could become a big problem’. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/coronavirus-news-fatigue (23 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Conger, Kate 2020. ‘Twitter Takedown Targets QAnon Accounts’. The New York Times. 21 July. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/21/technology/twitter-bans-qanon-accounts.html (25 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Council of Europe 2020. ‘Commissioner for Human Rights: We Must Respect Human Rights and Stand United Against the Coronavirus Pandemic’. https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-/we-must-respect-human-rights-and-stand-united-against-the-coronavirus-pandemic (23 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Committee to Protect Journalists n.d. ‘COVID-19 and Press Freedom’. https://cpj.org/covid-19/ (25 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Dragomir, Marius; Horowitz, Minna 2020 in print. ‘Media Capture and its Contexts: Developing a Comparative Framework for Public Service Media’. – Miguel Tunez-Lopez, Francesco Campos-Freire, Marta Rodriguez-Castro (eds.), The Value of Public Service Media in an Internet Society. London: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1007/978-3-030-56466-7_12Search in Google Scholar

EBU 2020. COVID-19 Crisis. PSM Audience Performance. Geneva: European Broadcasting Union Media Intelligence Service.Search in Google Scholar

Edelman 2020. ‘2020 Edelman Trust Barometer’. https://www.edelman.com/trustbarometer (23 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Finnpanel 2019. ‘TV Audience Measurement’. https://www.finnpanel.fi/en/tulokset/tv/vuosi/pvatav/2019/pvatav.html. (23 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Frenkel, Sheera; Alba, Davey; Zhong, Raymond 2020. ‘Surge of Virus Misinformation Stumps Facebook and Twitter’. The New York Times. 8 March https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/08/technology/coronavirusmisinformation-social-media.html (23 March 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Hameleers, Michael; van der Meer, Toni G.L.A; Brosius, Anna 2020. ‘Feeling “Disinformed” Lowers Compliance with COVID-19 Guidelines: Evidence from the US, UK, Netherlands and Germany’. – Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Reviewhttps://misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu/article/feeling-disinformed-lowers-compliance-with-covid-19-guidelines-evidence-from-theus-uk-netherlands-and-germany/ (23 August 2020).10.37016/mr-2020-023Search in Google Scholar

Hofseth, Anders 2018. ‘Emily Bell Thinks Public Service Media Today Has its Most Important Role to Play Since World War II’. https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/04/emily-bell-thinks-public-service-media-today-has-its-most-important-role-to-play-since-world-war-ii/. (23 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Human Rights Watch 2020. ‘Human Rights Dimensions of COVID-19 Response’. https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/03/19/human-rights-dimensions-covid-19-response# (23 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Humprecht, Edda; Esser, Frank; Van Aelst, Peter 2020. ‘Resilience to Online Disinformation: A Framework for Cross-National Comparative Research’. – The International Journal of Press/Politics, 25, 3, 493–516.10.1177/1940161219900126Search in Google Scholar

Kanerva, Arla. 2020. ‘Suomalaiset ovat päässeet kurkistamaan Jenni Vartiaisen koti studioon ja nähneet Nordean analyytikon huone kasvit – näin korona virus mullisti Ylen tv-uutisten ulko asun’. – Helsingin Sanomathttps://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000006472854.html (23 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Koeze, Ella; Popper, Nathaniel 2020. ‘The Virus Changed the Way We Internet’. – The New York Times, 7 April https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/04/07/technology/coronavirus-internet-use.html. (25 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Lyons, Kim 2020. ‘Facebook Temporarily Bans Ads for Medical Face Masks to Prevent Coronavirus Exploitation’. – The Verge, 7 March https://www.theverge.com/2020/3/7/21169109/facebook-instagram-bans-ads-face-masks-coronavirus (23 March 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Matikainen, Janne; Ojala, Markus; Horowitz, Minna; Jääsaari Johanna 2020. Media ja yleisön luottamuksen ulottuvuudet: Instituutiot, journalismi ja mediasuhde. Helsinki: Helsingin yliopisto.Search in Google Scholar

Mitchell, Amy; Jurkowitz, Mark; Oliphant, Baxter; Shearer, Elisa 2020. ‘Americans still follow COVID-19 news, though with less intensity; many say this news is becoming more political’. https://www.journalism.org/2020/06/29/americans-still-follow-covid-19-news-though-with-less-intensity-many-say-this-news-is-becoming-more-political/ (23 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Newman, Nic; Fletcher, Richard; Schulz, Anne; Andi, Simge; Nielsen, Rasmus Kleis 2020. Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020. Oxford: Reuters Institute of the Study of Journalism.Search in Google Scholar

Nielsen, Rasmus Kleis 2020. ‘Op-ed: Politics, Waning Public Attention Are Existential Threats to the BBC’. – Columbia Journalism Review, 12 March. https://www.cjr.org/opinion/bbc-license-fee-model-conservative.php (25 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Nielsen, Rasmus Kleis; Fletcher, Richard; Newman, Nic; Brennen, J. Scott; Howard, Philip N. 2020. Navigating the ‘Infodemic’: How People in Six Countries Access and Rate News and Information About Coronavirus. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.Search in Google Scholar

Pan, J.C. 2020. ‘America Needs its Own BBC to Restore Public Trust in the Press’. – The New Republic, 13 August. https://newrepublic.com/article/158913/america-needs-bbc-restore-public-trust-press (25 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Paul, Karl 2020. ‘US Authorities Battle Surge in Coronavirus Scams, From Phishing to Fake Treatments’. – The Guardian. 19 March https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/19/coronavirus-scams-phishing-fake-treatments (23 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Peters, Jay 2020. ‘Facebook Was Marking Legitimate News Articles About the Coronavirus as Spam Due to a Software Bug’. – The Verge, 17 March. https://www.theverge.com/2020/3/17/21184445/facebook-marking-coronavirus-posts-spam-misinformation-covid-19 (23 March 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Public Media Alliance (2019). ‘Changing Times for Public Media Funding’. https://www.publicmediaalliance.org/changing-times-for-public-media-funding/. (20 May 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Roberts, Michelle 2020 ‘Coronavirus: Europe experiencing “pandemic fatigue’” https://www.bbc.com/news/health-54417547 (7 October 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Savage, Philip, Medina, Mercedes & Lowe, Gregory F. (eds. 2020). ‘Universalism in Public Service Media’. Gothenburg: Nordicom, University of Gothenburg.Search in Google Scholar

Schulz, Anne; Levy, David A; Nielsen, Rasmus Kleis 2019. Old, Educated, and Politically Diverse: The Audience of Public Service News. Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.Search in Google Scholar

Simon, Felix 2019. ‘Why Europe’s Right-Wing Populists Hate Public Broadcasters’. European Journalism Observatory – EJO. https://en.ejo.ch/media-politics/press-freedom/why-europes-right-wing-populists-hate-public-broadcasters (July 10 2019).Search in Google Scholar

Skopeliti, Clea; John, Bethan 2020. ‘Coronavirus: How are the social media platforms responding to the “infodemic”’? https://firstdraftnews.org/latest/how-social-media-platforms-are-responding-to-the-coronavirus-infodemic/ (July 10 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Suárez, Candel Roberto 2020. ‘The relevance of understanding and measuring your value’ https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/relevance-understanding-measuring-your-value-su%25C3%25A1rez-candel/ (12 October 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Syvertsen, Trine; Aslama, Minna 2006. ‘Policies of Reduction or Renewal? European Public Service Broadcasting in the New Media Era’. — Ulla Carlsson (ed.). Radio, TV & Internet in the Nordic Countries. Meeting the Challenges of New Media Technology. Nordicom. Göteborg: Göteborg University, 29-41.Search in Google Scholar

Trewinnard, Tom 2020. ‘The Coronavirus Crisis Will Eventually End, But the Distributed Newsroom Is Here to Stay’. – Nieman Lab, 13 April. https://www.niemanlab.org/2020/04/the-coronavirus-crisis-will-eventually-end-but-the-distributed-newsroom-is-here-to-stay/ (25 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Wardle, Claire; Derakhshan, Hossain 2017. Information Disorder: Toward an Interdisciplinary Framework for Research and Policy Making. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.Search in Google Scholar

Wu, Tim 2017. The Attention Merchants: From the Daily Newspaper to Social Media, How Our Time and Attention Is Harvested and Sold. London: Atlantic Books.Search in Google Scholar

Yle 2019. ‘Economic Figures in 2019. Yle’s Year 2019’. https://yle.fi/aihe/yles-year-2019/economic-figures-in-2019. (25 August 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Yle 2020. ‘Gov’t Aims to Limit Yle Web Publications. – Yleisradio.’ https://yle.fi/uutiset/osasto/news/govt_aims_to_limit_yle_web_publications/11405119 (16 June 2020).Search in Google Scholar

Zuboff, Shohana 2019. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. New York: Public Affairs.Search in Google Scholar