Can the Facilitated Communication Method Support Autistic People, According to Facilitators' Opinions?

Airaksinen, T. & Kuusela, A. (1989). Etiikka - hyvän elämän tiede [The Ethics - The science of a good life]. Helsinki: Valtion Painatuskeskus.Search in Google Scholar

Attwood, T. (2001). Foreword. In L. Blackman (Ed.), Lucy's story. Autism and other adventures (pp. 1-4). London: Jessica Kingsley.Search in Google Scholar

Blackman, L. (Ed.) (2001). Lucy's story. Autism and other adventures. London: Jessica Kingsley.Search in Google Scholar

Basler-Eggen, A. (2000). Untersuchungen zur Validität und zu Auswirkungen der Methode der Gestutzten Kommunikation (Facilitated Communication). Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophie an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munchen.Search in Google Scholar

Bebko, J., Perry, A., & Bryson, S. (1996). Multiple method validation study of facilitated communication: II. Individual differences and subgroup results. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 26 (1), 19-43.10.1007/BF02276233Search in Google Scholar

Biklen, D. (1990). Communication unbound: Autism and praxis. Harvard Educational Review, 60 (3), 291-314.10.17763/haer.60.3.013h5022862vu732Search in Google Scholar

Biklen, D., Morton M., Saha, S., Duncan, J., Gold, D., Hardardottir, M., Karna, E., O'Connor, S., & Rao, S. (1991). "I AMN NOT A UTISTIVC ON THJE TYP" ("I'm not autistic on the typewriter"). Disability, Handicap & Society, 6 (3), 161-180.10.1080/02674649166780231Search in Google Scholar

Biklen, D. (1993). Communication unbound. How facilitated communication is challenging traditional views of autism and ability/disability? New York: Teachers College Press.Search in Google Scholar

Biklen, D. (Eds.) (2005a). Autism and the myth of the person alone. New York: New York University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Biklen, D. (2005b). An Introduction to Tito Rajarshi Mukhopadhyay. In D. Biklen (Ed.), Autism and the myth of the person alone (pp. 110-117). New York: New York University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Bogdashina, O. (2004). Communication issues in autism and asperger syndrome: Do we speak the same language? London: Jessica Kingsley.Search in Google Scholar

Bomba, C., O'Donnell, L., Markowitz, C. & Holmes, D. (1996). Evaluating the impact of facilitated communication of fourteen students with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 26 (1), 43-59.10.1007/BF02276234Search in Google Scholar

Cabay, M. (1994). Brief report: A controlled evaluation of facilitated communication using open-ended and fill-in questions. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24 (4), 517-527.10.1007/BF02172132Search in Google Scholar

Cardinal, D., Hanson, D. & Wakeman, J. (1996). Investigation of authorship in facilitated communication. Mental Retardation, 34 (4), 231-242.Search in Google Scholar

Crossley, R. (1994). Facilitated communication training. New York: Teachers College Press.Search in Google Scholar

Denzin, N. & Lincoln, Y. (1998). The landscape of qualitative research. Theories and issues. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Duchan, J. (1993). Issues raised by facilitated communication for theorizing and research on autism. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 36 (4), 1108-1119.10.1044/jshr.3606.1108Search in Google Scholar

Duchan, J. (1995). The role of experimental research in validating facilitated communication: A reply. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38 (1), 206-210.10.1044/jshr.3801.206Search in Google Scholar

Eberlin, M., McConnachie, G., Ibel, S. & Volpe, L. (1993). Facilitated communication: A failure to replicate the phenomenon. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 23 (3), 507-530.10.1007/BF01046053Search in Google Scholar

Eskola, J. & Suoranta, J. (2001). Johdatus laadulliseen tutkimukseen [The basics of qualitative research]. Tampere: Vastapaino.Search in Google Scholar

Fried-Oken, M., Paul, R. & Fay, W. (1995). Questions concerning facilitated communication: Response to Duchan. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38 (1), 200-201.10.1044/jshr.3801.200Search in Google Scholar

Green, G. & Shane, H. (1994). Science, reason, and facilitated communication. Journal of The Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 19 (3), 151-172.10.1177/154079699401900302Search in Google Scholar

Haracopos, D. (1988). Hvad med mig? Om autistiske born og unge [What about me? About autistic children and youth]. Allerød: Andonia.Search in Google Scholar

Horner, R. (1994). Invited commentary. Facilitated communication: Keeping it practical. Journal of The Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 19 (3), 185-186.Search in Google Scholar

Hudson, A., Melita, B. & Arnold, N. 1993). Brief report: A case study assessing the validity of facilitated communication. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 23 (1), 165-173.Search in Google Scholar

Iversen, P. (2006). Strange son. Two mothers, two sons, and the quest to unlock the hidden world of autism. New York: Penguin.Search in Google Scholar

Janzen-Wilde, M., Duchan, J. & Higginbotham, D. (1995). Successful use of facilitated communication with an oral child. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38 (3), 658-676.10.1044/jshr.3803.658Search in Google Scholar

Järvikoski, A. & Härkäpää, K. (2008). Kuntoutuksen käsityksen muutos ja asiakkuuden muotoutuminen [The change of opinions about rehabilitation] In P. Rissanen, T. Kallanranta, & A. Suikkanen (Eds.), Kuntoutus [Rehabilitation] (pp. 51-62). Helsinki: Duodecim.Search in Google Scholar

Kent-Walsh, J. & McNaughton, D. (2005). Communication partner in AAC: Present practices and future directions. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 21 (3), 195-204.10.1080/07434610400006646Search in Google Scholar

Kerola, K. & Kujanpää, S. (2000). Kommunikoinnin vaikeuksiin vastaaminen [Answers to difficulties of communication]. In K. Kerola, S. Kujanpää & T. Timonen (Eds.), Autismikuntoutus [The rehabilitation of autism] (pp. 23-46). Jyväskylä: PS-kustannus.Search in Google Scholar

Kerrin, R. & Murdock, J. (1998). Who is doing the pointing? Investigating facilitated communication in a classroom setting with students with autism. Focus on Autism & Other Developmental Disabilities, 13 (2), 73-80.10.1177/108835769801300202Search in Google Scholar

Kochmeister, S. (1994). Reflections on a year of turmoil and growth. Facilitated Communication Digest, 2 (4), 6-8.Search in Google Scholar

Koivikko, M. & Louhiala, P. (2001). Lasten kuntoutuksen etiikasta [The ethics of rehabilitation of children]. Suomen lääkärilehti [Finnish Medicine Journal], 56 (18), 2047-2050.Search in Google Scholar

Kontu, E. & Rämä, I. (2006). Tuettu kirjoittaminen vuorovaikutuksena [Facilitated writing as interaction]. Erika, Erityisopetuksen tutkimus- ja menetelmätieto [Erika, The Journal of Research of Special Education], University of Jyväskylä, 3, 16-19.Search in Google Scholar

Kvale, S. (1996). Interviews. An introduction to qualitative research interviewing. London: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Kvale, S. & Brinkman, S. (2009). Interviews. Learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Kärnä-Lin, E. (1993). Facilitated communication - uusi kommunikaatiomenetelmä [Facilitated communication - a new communication method]. The Journal of ISAAC Suomi-Finland, 2.Search in Google Scholar

Kärnä-Lin, E. (1995). Facilitated communication. Erityiskasvatus [The Journal of Special Education], 38 (3), 6-29.Search in Google Scholar

Kärnä-Lin, E. (2003). Oikeus kommunikointiin. Sanansaattaja Joensuun yliopistosta [The right to communicate - message from University of Joensuu]. Joensuun yliopiston tiedotuslehti [Bulletin of University of Joensuu], 9, 2-3.Search in Google Scholar

Kärnä-Lin, E. (2005). Oulun osahanke "Joidenkin kieli on iholle kirjoitettu" [The language may be written on the skin]. In J. Schimkewitsch & K. Launonen (Eds.), Kommunikaatioprojekti 1999-2005. Loppuraportti. Autismi- ja Aspergerliiton julkaisuj [Communication-project 1999-2005. The Reports of the Autism and Asperger Association], 1, 28-43.Search in Google Scholar

Kärnä-Lin, E. (2006). Aineistolähtöinen analyysi ja grounded theory-menetelmän soveltaminen tutkimuksessa [How to apply grounded theory methods and databasis analysis]. In K. Ruoho (Ed.), Tehtävänä erityispedagoginen näkökulma. Tutkimusta erityiskasvatuksen laitoksella [The perspective of special education. The reports of Faculty of Education]. Joensuu: Joensuun yliopisto.Search in Google Scholar

Latomaa, T. (1994). Pedagogiikan paradoksi - kasvatus sosiaalisena toimintana [Paradoxical pedagogy]. Kasvatus [Education], 25 (1), 66-71.Search in Google Scholar

Launonen, K. (2005). Näkökulmia tuettuun kommunikoinnin harjoittelutekniikkaan [Perspectives to praxis of facilitated communication]. Puheterapeutti [Speech Therapist], 1, 4-8.Search in Google Scholar

Levine, K., Shane, H. & Wharton, R. (1994). What If…: A plea to professionals to consider the risk ratio of facilitated communication. Mental Retardation, 32 (4), 300-304.Search in Google Scholar

Lincoln, Y. & Guba, E. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Lindqvist, M. (1985). Ammattina ihminen [To be a human being as a profession]. Helsinki: Otava.Search in Google Scholar

Marcus, E., Shevin, M. (1997). Sorting it out under fire: Our journey. In D. Biklen & D. Cardinal (Eds.), Contested words, contested science. Unravelling the facilitated communication controversy (pp. 115-134). New York: Teachers College Press.Search in Google Scholar

Marton, F. (1986). Phenomenography: A research approach to investigating different understandings of reality. Journal of Thought, 21 (3), 28-49.Search in Google Scholar

Marton, F. & Booth S. (1997). Learning and awareness. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Search in Google Scholar

Mirenda, P. (2008). A back door approach to autism and AAC. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 24 (3), 220-234.10.1080/08990220802388263Search in Google Scholar

Moore, S., Donovan, B., Hudson, A., Dykstra, J., & Lawrence, J. (1993). Brief report: Evaluation of eight case studies of facilitated communication. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 23 (3), 531-552.10.1007/BF01046054Search in Google Scholar

Mostert, M. (2001). Facilitated communication since 1995: A review of published studies. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31 (3), 287-313.10.1023/A:1010795219886Search in Google Scholar

Mukhopadhyay, T. (2000). Beyond the silence: My life, the world and autism. London: National Autistic Society.Search in Google Scholar

Mukhopadhyay, T. (2003). The Mind Tree. New York: Arcade.Search in Google Scholar

Niemi, J. & Kärnä-Lin, E. (2002). Grammar and lexicon in facilitated communication: A linguistic authorship analysis of a Finnish case. Mental Retardation, 40 (5), 347-357.10.1352/0047-6765(2002)040<0347:GALIFC>2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar

Niemi, J. & Kärnä-Lin, E. (2003a. Four vantage points to the language performance and capacity of human beings: Response to Saloviita and Sariola. Mental Retardation, 41 (5), 380-385.10.1352/0047-6765(2003)41<380:FVPTTL>2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar

Niemi, J. & Kärnä-Lin, E. (2003b. Whose mind/language is closer to the keyboard? Response to Strumey. Mental Retardation, 41 (5), 386 - 387.10.1352/0047-6765(2003)41<387:WLICTT>2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar

Niikko, A. (2003). Fenomenografia kasvatustieteellisessä tutkimuksessa [Phenomenography in educational research] (Research reports of University of Joensuu, Faculty of Education 85). Joensuu: Joensuun yliopisto.Search in Google Scholar

Ojalammi, U. & Leppänen, M. (2005). Fasilitointi - faktaa, fiktioita vai filunkia [Facilitation - Fact, fiction or cheating] (Pro gradu-thesis. Special education in Faculty of Education. University of Jyväskylä). Retrieved 10.12.2008 from: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-2005241Search in Google Scholar

Olney, M. (1997). A controlled study of facilitated communication using computer games. In D. Biklen & D. Cardinal (Eds.), Contested words, contested science. Unravelling the facilitated communication controversy (pp. 96-114). New York: Teachers College Press.Search in Google Scholar

Otter, L. & Masefield, E. (2001). Facilitated communication at the Chinnor Resource Unit. A journey. In J. Richter & S. Coates (Eds.), Autism - The search for coherence (pp. 152-175). London: Jessica Kingsley.Search in Google Scholar

Patton, M. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. London: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Paul, J., French P., & Cranston-Gingras, A. (2001). Ethics and special education. Focus on Exceptional Children, 34 (1), 1-16.Search in Google Scholar

Pilvang, M. (2002). Facilitated communication in Denmark. Retrieved 12.04.2008 from: http://www.fc2000.dkSearch in Google Scholar

Regal, R., Rooney, J., & Wandas, T. (1994). Facilitated communication: An Experimental evaluation. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24 (3), 345-355.10.1007/BF02172232Search in Google Scholar

Robson, C. (1993). Real world research. A resource for social scientists and practitioner-researchers. Oxford: Blackwell.Search in Google Scholar

Räsänen, R. (1993). Opettajan etiikkaa etsimässä. Opettajan etiikka-opintojakson kehittelyprosessi toimintatutkimuksena opettajankoulutuksessa [Searching for the ethics of teaching] (Acta Universitatis Ouluensis series E. Scientiae rerum socialum 12). Doctoral Dissertation. University of Oulu.Search in Google Scholar

Sabin, L. & Donnellan, A. (1993). A qualitative study of the process of facilitated communication. Journal of the Association of Persons with Severe Handicaps, 18 (3), 200-211.10.1177/154079699301800306Search in Google Scholar

Sajaniemi, N. (2007). Onko tiedeyhteisössä luovaa uteliaisuutta - torjua vai tutkia? [Is there creative curiosity in the science community?]. Kasvatus [Education], 38 (1), 70-72.Search in Google Scholar

Saloviita, T. & Sariola, H. (2003). Authorship in facilitated communication: A reanalysis of case of assumed representative authentic writing. Mental Retardation, 41 (5), 374-379.10.1352/0047-6765(2003)41<374:AIFCAR>2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar

Shane, H. & Kearns, K. (1994). An examination of the role of the facilitator in "Facilitated communication". American Journal of Speech-language Pathology, 3 (3), 48-54.10.1044/1058-0360.0303.48Search in Google Scholar

Sheehan, C. & Matuozzi, R. (1996). Investigation of the validity of facilitated communication through the disclosure of unknown information. Mental Retardation, 34 (2), 94-107.Search in Google Scholar

Silliman, E. (1995). Issues raised by facilitated communication for theorizing and research on autism: Comments on Duchan's (1993) tutorial. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38 (1), 204-206.10.1044/jshr.3801.204Search in Google Scholar

Silverman, D. (2005). Doing qualitative research. Practical handbook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Simon, E., Whitehair, P., & Toll, D. (1996). A case study: Follow-up assessment of facilitated communication. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 26 (1), 9-19.10.1007/BF02276232Search in Google Scholar

Szempruch, J. & Jacobson, J. (1993). Evaluating facilitated communications of people with developmental disabilities. Research in Developmental Disorders, 14 (4), 253-264.10.1016/0891-4222(93)90020-KSearch in Google Scholar

Tuomi, J. & Sarajärvi, A. (2002). Laadullinen tutkimus ja sisällönanalyysi [Qualitative research and content analysis]. Helsinki: Tammi.Search in Google Scholar

Tuzzi, A., Cemin, M., & Castanga, M. (2004). "Moved deeply I am". Autistic language in texts produced with FC. Journees internationals d'Analyse statistique des Donnees Textuelleds, 7, 1-9.Search in Google Scholar

Tuzzi, A. (2009). Grammar and lexicon in individuals with autism: A quantitative analysis of Large Italian Corpus. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 47 (5), 373-385.10.1352/1934-9556-47.5.373Search in Google Scholar

Tynjälä, P. (1991). Kvalitatiivisten tutkimusmenetelmien luotettavuudesta [The reliability of quantitative research methods]. Kasvatus [Education], 22 (5-6), 387-398.Search in Google Scholar

Uljens, M. (1991). Phenomenography - Qualitative approach in educational research. In L. Syrjälä & J. Merenheimo (Eds.). Kasvatustutkimuksen laadullisia lähestymistapoja [The qualitative perspective of science of education] (pp. 80-107). Oulu: Oulun yliopisto.Search in Google Scholar

Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Wurzburg, G. (2004). Autism is a world (Documentary). Washington, DC: State of the Art.Search in Google Scholar