Thinking Together Digitalization and Social Innovation in Rural Areas: An Exploration of Rural Digitalization Projects in Germany

[1] Angelidou, M. & Psaltoglou, A. (2017). An empirical investigation of social innovation initiatives for sustainable urban development. Sustainable Cities and Society, 33, 113–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2017.05.016.10.1016/j.scs.2017.05.016Search in Google Scholar

[2] Bauriedl, S. & Strüver, A., eds. (2018). Smart City – Kritische Perspektiven auf die Digitalisierung in Städten. Bielefeld: Transcript.10.1515/9783839443361Search in Google Scholar

[3] Blumer, H. (1954). What is Wrong with Social Theory? American Sociological Review, 19(1), 3–10. DOI: 10.2307/2088165.10.2307/2088165Search in Google Scholar

[4] Bock, B. B. (2016). Rural Marginalisation and the Role of Social Innovation; A Turn Towards Nexogenous Development and Rural Reconnection. Sociologia Ruralis, 56(4), 552–573. DOI: 10.1111/soru.12119.10.1111/soru.12119Search in Google Scholar

[5] Brennen, J. S. & Kreiss, D. (2016). Digitalization. In The International Encyclopedia of Communication Theory and Philosophy (pp. 556–566). Hoboken, NJ: Willey-Blackwell. DOI: 10.1002/9781118766804.wbiect111.10.1002/9781118766804.wbiect111Search in Google Scholar

[6] Bria, F. (2015). Growing a digital social innovation ecosystem for Europe: DSI final report. Luxembourg: Publications Office.Search in Google Scholar

[7] Butkeviciene, E. (2009). Social innovation in rural communities: methodological framework and empirical evidence. Socialiniai mokslai – Social Sciences, 1, 80–88.Search in Google Scholar

[8] Christmann, G. B. (2011). Soziale Innovationen, Social Entrepreneurs und Raumbezüge. In Jähnke, P., Christmann, G. B. & Balgar, K., eds., Social Entrepreneurship. Perspektiven für die Raumentwicklung (pp. 193–210). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.10.1007/978-3-531-92819-7_16Search in Google Scholar

[9] Christmann, G. B. (2017). Analysing Changes in Discursive Constructions of Rural Areas in the Context of Demographic Change: Towards Counterpoints in the Dominant Discourse on “Dying Villages”. Comparative Population Studies, 41(3–4), 359–378. DOI: 10.12765/CPoS-2017-03en.10.12765/CPoS-2017-03Search in Google Scholar

[10] Christmann, G. B. (2019). Introduction: Struggling with innovations. Social innovations and conflicts in urban development and planning. European Planning Studies, 4(1), 1–11. DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1639396.10.1080/09654313.2019.1639396Search in Google Scholar

[11] Christmann, G. B., Ibert, O., Jessen, J. & Walther, U.-J. (2016). Wie kommt Neuartiges in die räumliche Planung? In Rammert, W., Windeler, A., Knoblauch, H. & Hutter, M., eds., Innovationsgesellschaft heute: Perspektiven, Felder und Fälle (pp. 273–300). Wiesbaden: Springer VS.10.1007/978-3-658-10874-8_13Search in Google Scholar

[12] Christmann, G. B., Ibert, O., Jessen, J., & Walther, U.-J. (2019). Innovations in spatial planning as a social process – phases, actors, conflicts. European Planning Studies, 3(1), 1–25. DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1639399.10.1080/09654313.2019.1639399Search in Google Scholar

[13] Elberzhager, F., Koch, M. & Weitzel, B. (2018). Towards a Digital Ecosystem for Rural Areas: Experiences from Three Years of Development. In Kuhrmann, M. et al., ed., Product-focused software process improvement (pp. 98–105). Cham, Switzerland: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-03673-7_7.10.1007/978-3-030-03673-7_7Search in Google Scholar

[14] Fink, M., Lang, R. & Richter, R. (2017). Social Entrepreneurship in Marginalised Rural Europe: Towards Evidence-Based Policy for Enhanced Social Innovation. Regions Magazine, 306(1), 6–10. DOI: 10.1080/13673882.2017.11878963.10.1080/13673882.2017.11878963Search in Google Scholar

[15] Gillwald, K. (2000). Konzepte sozialer Innovation [working paper]. Berlin: Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für soziale Wissenschaften..Search in Google Scholar

[16] Hamdouch, A. & Galvan, A. (2019). Social Innovation as a Driver of Urban Transformation? The Case of Planning Approaches in the Dominican Republic. Urban Planning, 4(1), 31–43. DOI: 10.17645/up.v4i1.1740.10.17645/up.v4i1.1740Search in Google Scholar

[17] Howaldt, J. & Schwarz, M. (2016). Social innovation and its relationship to social change. [SI-DRIVE project paper]. Dortmund: Technische Universität.Search in Google Scholar

[18] Howaldt, J. & Schwarz, M. (2019). Soziale Innovation. In Blättel-Mink, B., Schulz-Schaeffer, I. & Windeler, A., eds., Springer Reference. Handbuch Innovationsforschung (pp. 1–17). Heidelberg: Springer.Search in Google Scholar

[19] Ievoli, C., Belliggiano, A., Marandola, D., Milone, P. & Ventura, F. (2019). Information and Communication Infrastructures and New Business Models in Rural Areas: The Case of Molise Region in Italy. European Countryside, 11(4), 475–496. DOI: 10.2478/euco-2019-0027.10.2478/euco-2019-0027Search in Google Scholar

[20] Jessop, B., Moulaert, F., Hulgård, L. & Hamdouch, A. (2013). Social innovation research: a new stage in innovation analysis? In Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D., Mehmood, A. & Hamdouch, A., eds., The international handbook on social innovation: Collective action, social learning and transdisciplinary research (pp. 110–130). Cheltenham (UK), Northampton (Mass.): E. Elgar.10.4337/9781849809993.00020Search in Google Scholar

[21] Löw, M. & Sept, A. (2020). Innovationen in Stadt und Raum. In Blättel-Mink, B. Schulz-Schaeffer, I. & Windeler, A., eds., Handbuch Innovationsforschung. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.10.1007/978-3-658-17668-6_49Search in Google Scholar

[22] Lytras, M., Visvizi, A. & Mudri, G. eds. (2019). Smart Villages in the EU and beyond. Emerald studies in politics and technology. Bingley: Emerald.10.1108/9781787698451Search in Google Scholar

[23] Manzini, E. (2015). Design, when everybody designs: An introduction to design for social innovation. Design thinking, design theory. Cambridge (Mass.), London: MIT Press.10.7551/mitpress/9873.001.0001Search in Google Scholar

[24] Martin, A. V. & Tulla, A. F. (2019). Innovation, Spatial Loyalty, and ICTs as Locational Determinants of Rural Development in the Catalan Pyrenees. European Countryside, 11(4), 517–540. DOI: 10.2478/euco-2019-0029.10.2478/euco-2019-0029Search in Google Scholar

[25] Matern, A., Binder, J. & Noack, A. (2019). Smart regions: Insights from hybridization and peripheralization research. European Planning Studies, 6(1), 1–18. DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1703910.10.1080/09654313.2019.1703910Search in Google Scholar

[26] Meijer, A. & Bolívar, M. P. R. (2016). Governing the smart city: A review of the literature on smart urban governance. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82(2), 392–408. DOI: 10.1177/0020852314564308.10.1177/0020852314564308Search in Google Scholar

[27] Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D. & Hillier, J. (2013). Social innovation: intuition, precept, concept, theory and practice. In Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D., Mehmood, A. & Hamdouch, A., eds., The international handbook on social innovation: Collective action, social learning and transdisciplinary research (pp. 13–24). Cheltenham (UK), Northampton (Mass.): E. Elgar.10.4337/9781849809993.00011Search in Google Scholar

[28] Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D., Mehmood, A. & Hamdouch, A. eds. (2013). The international handbook on social innovation: Collective action, social learning and transdisciplinary research. Cheltenham (UK), Northampton (Mass.): E. Elgar.10.4337/9781849809993Search in Google Scholar

[29] Moulaert, F. & Sekia, F. (2003). Territorial Innovation Models: A Critical Survey. Regional Studies, 37(3), 289–302. DOI: 10.1080/0034340032000065442.10.1080/0034340032000065442Search in Google Scholar

[30] Mulgan, G. & Pulford, L. (2010). Study on Social Innovation. Oxford: SAID Business School.Search in Google Scholar

[31] Naldi, L., Nilsson, P., Westlund, H. & Wixe, S. (2015). What is smart rural development? Journal of Rural Studies, 40, 90–101. DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.06.006.10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.06.006Search in Google Scholar

[32] Noack, A. (2017). Elderly People in Rural Regions as Promoters of Social Innovations and Changing Knowledge. In Svels, K., ed., Uneven processes of rural change: on diversity, knowledge and justice (pp. 118–119). Kraków: Jagiellonian University.Search in Google Scholar

[33] Noack, A. & Federwisch, T. (2019). Social Innovation in Rural Regions: Urban Impulses and Cross-Border Constellations of Actors. Sociologia Ruralis, 59(1), 92–112. DOI: 10.1111/soru.12216.10.1111/soru.12216Search in Google Scholar

[34] Nyseth, T. & Hamdouch, A. (2019). The Transformative Power of Social Innovation in Urban Planning and Local Development. Urban Planning, 4(1), 1. DOI: 10.17645/up.v4i1.1950.10.17645/up.v4i1.1950Search in Google Scholar

[35] Ogburn, W. F. (1964). On Culture and Social Change. Chicago: Phoenix Books; University of Chicago Press.Search in Google Scholar

[36] Richter, R. (2016). Social Innovations in Rural Life Worlds. In Carlow, V. M., ed., Ruralism (pp. 148–155). Berlin: Jovis.Search in Google Scholar

[37] Richter, R., Fink, M., Lang, R. & Maresch, D. (2020). Social entrepreneurship and innovation in rural Europe. Routledge studies in social enterprise & social innovation: Vol. 9. New York: Routledge.10.4324/9781351038461Search in Google Scholar

[38] Rüede, D. & Lurtz, K. (2012). Mapping the various meanings of social innovation: Towards a differentiated understanding of an emerging concept. [research paper]. Friedrichshof: Universität für Wirtschaft und Recht.10.2139/ssrn.2091039Search in Google Scholar

[39] Salemink, K., Strijker, D. & Bosworth, G. (2017). Rural development in the digital age: A systematic literature review on unequal ICT availability, adoption, and use in rural areas. Journal of Rural Studies, 54, 360–371. DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.09.001.10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.09.001Search in Google Scholar

[40] Schulz-Schaeffer, I. (2007). Technik als sozialer Akteur und als soziale Institution: Sozialität von Technik statt Postsozialität [working paper] Berlin: Technische Universität.Search in Google Scholar

[41] Schumpeter, J. A. (1911). Theorie der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung: eine Untersuchung über Unternehmergewinn, Kapital, Kredit, Zins und den Konjunkturzyklus. Leipzig.Search in Google Scholar

[42] Seidler, R., Sharma, G. & Telwala, Y. (2016). Climate Vulnerability, Water Vulnerability. In Developments in Earth Surface Processes (pp. 279–308). Amsterdam: Elsevier. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63787-1.00007-X.10.1016/B978-0-444-63787-1.00007-XSearch in Google Scholar

[43] Slee, B. (2019). Delivering on the Concept of Smart Villages – in Search of an Enabling Theory. European Countryside, 11(4), 634–650. DOI: 10.2478/euco-2019-0035.10.2478/euco-2019-0035Search in Google Scholar

[44] Soligno, R., Scorza, F., Amato, F., Casas, G. L. & Murgante, B. (2015). Citizens Participation in Improving Rural Communities Quality of Life. In Gervasi, O. & et al., eds., Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2015 (pp. 731–746). Cham: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21407-8_52.10.1007/978-3-319-21407-8_52Search in Google Scholar

[45] Stebbins, R. A. (2008). Exploratory Research. In Given, L. M., ed., The Sage encyclopedia of qualitative research methods. Los Angeles: Sage. DOI: 10.4135/9781412963909.n166.10.4135/9781412963909.n166Search in Google Scholar

[46] Stokes, M., Baeck, P. & Baker, T. (2017). What next for digital social innovation? Realising the potential of people and technology to tackle social challenges [project report]. Brussel: European Community.Search in Google Scholar

[47] Townsend, L., Wallace, C. & Fairhurst, G. (2015). ‘Stuck Out Here’: The Critical Role of Broadband for Remote Rural Places. Scottish Geographical Journal, 131(3-4), 171–180. DOI: 10.1080/14702541.2014.978807.10.1080/14702541.2014.978807Search in Google Scholar

[48] Van der Have, R. P. & Rubalcaba, L. (2016). Social innovation research: An emerging area of innovation studies? Research Policy 45(9), 1923–1935. DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2016.06.010.10.1016/j.respol.2016.06.010Search in Google Scholar

[49] Van Dyck, B. & van den Broek, P. (2013). Social innovation: a territorial process. In Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D., Mehmood, A. & Hamdouch, A., eds., The international handbook on social innovation: Collective action, social learning and transdisciplinary research (pp. 131–141). Cheltenham (UK), Northampton (Mass.): E. Elgar.Search in Google Scholar

[50] Visvizi, A. & Lytras, M. (2018). It’s Not a Fad: Smart Cities and Smart Villages Research in European and Global Contexts. Sustainability 10(8). DOI: 10.3390/su10082727.10.3390/su10082727Search in Google Scholar

[51] Williger, B. & Wojtech, A. (2018). Digitalisierung im ländlichen Raum: Status Quo & Chancen für Gemeinden. [white paper]. Nürnberg: Fraunhofer Institut.Search in Google Scholar

[52] Zapf, W. (1989). Über soziale Innovationen. Soziale Welt, 40(1–2), 170–183.Search in Google Scholar

[53] Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung (Ed.) (1987). Räumliche Wirkungen der Telematik. Hannover: Vincentz.Search in Google Scholar

[54] BBSR (2017). Wachsen und Schrumpfen von Städten und Gemeinden im bundesweiten Vergleich. https://gis.uba.de/maps/resources/apps/bbsr/index.html?lang=de.Search in Google Scholar

[55] BMVI (2019). Regionalstatistische Raumtypologie (RegioStaR). https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Artikel/G/regionalstatistische-raumtypologie.html.Search in Google Scholar

[56] Christ, P. (2019, January 8). Der Therapeut am Laptop. Main Post.Search in Google Scholar

[57] Coconat (2020). Coconat – A Workation Retreat. http://coconat-space.com/de.Search in Google Scholar

[58] Dorfmobil Barsikow (2020). Dorfmobil Barsikow – Wir teilen uns ein Elektroauto. http://dorfmobil.barsikow.de.Search in Google Scholar

[59] DVS (2017). Themenheft „Digitale Lösungen für‘s Land”. LandInForm (3).Search in Google Scholar

[60] ECORYS (2019). Pilot project smart eco-social villages: Presentation. Brüssel.Search in Google Scholar

[61] Entwicklungsagentur Rheinland-Pfalz e.V. (2017). #Landleben – Unsere Zukunft im digitalen Dorf. https://www.demografie-portal.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/GutePraxis/Digitale-Doerfer.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=1.Search in Google Scholar

[62] ENRD (2018a). Digital and social innovation in rural services. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.Search in Google Scholar

[63] ENRD (2018b). Digital Villages Germany: Working Document. European Network for Rural Development website: https://enrd.ec.europa.eu/sites/enrd/files/tg_smart-villages_case-study_de.pdf.Search in Google Scholar

[64] ENRD (2018c). German strategies for digitising rural areas. https://enrd.ec.europa.eu/sites/enrd/files/enrd_publications/digital-strategies_case-study_de.pdf.Search in Google Scholar

[65] Entwicklungsagentur Rheinland-Pfalz e.V. (2020). Schreibtisch in Prüm. https://schreibtischinpruem.de.Search in Google Scholar

[66] Fraunhofer IESE (2020). DIGITALE DÖRFER – VOM LAND FÜRS LAND. https://www.digitale-doerfer.de.Search in Google Scholar

[67] Loikumer Glasfaser Modell (2020). Loikumer-Glasfaser-Modell. http://www.derglasfaserbauer.de.Search in Google Scholar

[68] OstWestfalenLippe (2019). Smart Country Side. https://www.owl-morgen.de/projekte/smart-country-side.Search in Google Scholar

[69] Sourceboat (2020). Knoop – Beleuchtung bei Bedarf. https://knoop.sh.Search in Google Scholar