<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_1905-7415.1103.552_s_005_w2aab3b7b2b1b6b1aab1c17b1Aa"><h3>Background</h3><p>Sepsis pathophysiology includes oxidative stress and inflammatory processes.</p></sec><sec id="j_1905-7415.1103.552_s_006_w2aab3b7b2b1b6b1aab1c17b2Aa"><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of <italic>p</italic>-coumaric acid (PC) and ellagic acid (EA) in a rat model of sepsis.</p></sec><sec id="j_1905-7415.1103.552_s_007_w2aab3b7b2b1b6b1aab1c17b3Aa"><h3>Methods</h3><p>Wistar rats were assigned to 5 groups: control (C), sepsis (S), and S with treatment by PC, EA, or PC and EA combined (PCE). We determined the liver and lung tissue levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and antioxidant markers.</p></sec><sec id="j_1905-7415.1103.552_s_008_w2aab3b7b2b1b6b1aab1c17b4Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>In the model of sepsis, proinflammatory cytokine levels increased, anti-inflammatory cytokines decreased, oxidative stress markers increased, and activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased significantly. In the liver of rats treated with PC, EA, or PCE, TNF-α levels were reduced significantly, whereas IL-1β and IL-6 levels were reduced significantly in rats treated with EA or PCE. Despite an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines in the liver and lungs in all the treatment groups compared with S, an increase in IL-10 was only found in the liver of rats treated with PCE. The levels of malondialdehyde decreased significantly in the liver and lungs in rats in all treatment groups. The catalase and superoxide dismutase activity increased significantly in rats treated with PCE. While glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver only increased significantly in rats treated with PCE, it increased in the lungs of rats in all treatment groups.</p></sec><sec id="j_1905-7415.1103.552_s_009_w2aab3b7b2b1b6b1aab1c17b5Aa"><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PC and EA treatment had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which were stronger when these treatments were combined. Combined treatment with these substances may be beneficial in the treatment of sepsis.</p></sec></abstract>

BackgroundSepsis pathophysiology includes oxidative stress and inflammatory processes.ObjectivesTo investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of p-coumaric acid (PC) and ellagic acid (EA) in a rat model of sepsis.MethodsWistar rats were assigned to 5 groups: control (C), sepsis (S), and S with treatment by PC, EA, or PC and EA combined (PCE). We determined the liver and lung tissue levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and antioxidant markers.ResultsIn the model of sepsis, proinflammatory cytokine levels increased, anti-inflammatory cytokines decreased, oxidative stress markers increased, and activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased significantly. In the liver of rats treated with PC, EA, or PCE, TNF-α levels were reduced significantly, whereas IL-1β and IL-6 levels were reduced significantly in rats treated with EA or PCE. Despite an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines in the liver and lungs in all the treatment groups compared with S, an increase in IL-10 was only found in the liver of rats treated with PCE. The levels of malondialdehyde decreased significantly in the liver and lungs in rats in all treatment groups. The catalase and superoxide dismutase activity increased significantly in rats treated with PCE. While glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver only increased significantly in rats treated with PCE, it increased in the lungs of rats in all treatment groups.ConclusionsPC and EA treatment had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which were stronger when these treatments were combined. Combined treatment with these substances may be beneficial in the treatment of sepsis.

The effect of <italic>p</italic>-coumaric acid and ellagic acid on the liver and lungs in a rat model of sepsis

Asian Biomedicine

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

The effect of -coumaric acid and ellagic acid on the liver and lungs in a rat model of sepsis

BackgroundSepsis pathophysiology includes oxidative stress and inflammatory processes.ObjectivesTo investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of...

	C(n=6)	S(n=6)	PC(n=6)	EA(n=6)	PCE(n=6)	P
TNF-α(pg/mgprotein)	88±10	103±20	93±17	92±8	92±7	0.38
IL1β(pg/mgprotein)	251±86	837±86 S vs C,P<0.01;	530±75	480±90	481±96	0.02
IL4(pg/mgprotein)	8±7	110±25 S vs C,P<0.01;	121±38	124±30	139±15	0.37
IL6(pg/mgprotein)	9±6	115±91 S vs C,P<0.01; PCE vs S, P<0.05.	38±24	36.4±19	25±19	0.007
IL10(pg/mgprotein)	67±41	28±17 S vs C,P<0.01;	35±19	33±15	52±26	0.08

	C(n=6)	S(n=6)	PC(n=6)	EA(n=6)	PCE(n=6)	P
TNF-α (pg/mg protein)	645±37	949±78 S vs C, P <0.01; PC vs S, P<0.01; , EA vs S, P < 0.05; , EA vs S, P < 0.01; , PCE vs S, P<0.01;	647±127	650±100	632 ±133	0.001
IL-1β (pg/mg protein)	2910±184	3716±403 S vs C, P <0.01; PC vs S, P<0.01; EA vs S, P < 0.01; , PCE vs S, P<0.05;	3366±232	3018±460	3132±280	0.002
IL-4 (pg/mg protein)	1216±149	866±143 S vs C,P <0.01; PC vs S,P<0.01;	907±30	922±53	972 ± 263	0.004
IL-6 (pg/mg protein)	2010±708	3620±359 S vs C, P <0.01; PC vs S,P<0.01; , EA vs S,P< 0.01; , PCE vs S, P<0.05;	2855 ±521	2238±872	2187 ± 606	0.001
IL-10 (pg/mg protein)	1453±222 S vs C, P <0.01; PC vs S, P <0.01; , C vs PC, P< 0.05; , P<0.05, C vs EA.	816±295 S vs C, P <0.01; PC vs S, P<0.01; , PCE vs S, P< 0.05;	902±161	938±33	1257 ± 14	0.001

The effect of p-coumaric acid and ellagic acid on the liver and lungs in a rat model of sepsis

Article Category: Original article

Published Online: Aug 31, 2017

Page range: 217 - 225

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.1103.552

Keywords
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, polyphenol, hydroxycinnamic acid, sepsis

© 2017 Aykut Urfalioğlu, Fatih Mehmet Yazar, Bora Bila, Fatma İnanç Tolun, Hafize Öksüz, Ömer Faruk Boran, Gözen Öksüz

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Rat lung tissue levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines

Rat liver tissue levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines

The effect of p-coumaric acid and ellagic acid on the liver and lungs in a rat model of sepsis

Article Category: Original article

Published Online: Aug 31, 2017

Page range: 217 - 225

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5372/1905-7415.1103.552

KeywordsAntioxidant, anti-inflammatory, polyphenol, hydroxycinnamic acid, sepsis

© 2017 Aykut Urfalioğlu, Fatih Mehmet Yazar, Bora Bila, Fatma İnanç Tolun, Hafize Öksüz, Ömer Faruk Boran, Gözen Öksüz

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Rat lung tissue levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines

Rat liver tissue levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines

Keywords
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, polyphenol, hydroxycinnamic acid, sepsis