<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The Moszczenica is a lowland river, which is a third-order river with a length of 55 km; it flows into the Bzura River in central Poland. The objective of this study was to evaluate two important factors in the exchange between surface water and groundwater in the hyporheic zone: a considerable change in water flow conditions and various origins of riverbed sections, natural and artificial. To identify the spatial variation of the hydraulic gradient in the hyporheic zone of the river, a gradientmeter was applied. The measurements show that at low water stages, upwelling was dominant, with an evidently inactive zone, whereas downwelling was inconsiderable. However, the morphology of the riverbed changed during the flood flow, and downwelling clearly dominated. Upwelling zones retained their activity despite a major change in hydrological conditions. Present studies on the artificially dug Moszczenica Canal have documented outflow of water from an artificial medieval canal to a naturally formed drainage base. This means that despite the passage of hundreds of years, the natural drainage base of the Moszczenica River is still active. Studies have demonstrated the applicability of the gradientmeter for evaluating the interaction between surface and groundwaters in the hyporheic zone.</p>
</abstract>

The Moszczenica is a lowland river, which is a third-order river with a length of 55 km; it flows into the Bzura River in central Poland. The objective of this study was to evaluate two important factors in the exchange between surface water and groundwater in the hyporheic zone: a considerable change in water flow conditions and various origins of riverbed sections, natural and artificial. To identify the spatial variation of the hydraulic gradient in the hyporheic zone of the river, a gradientmeter was applied. The measurements show that at low water stages, upwelling was dominant, with an evidently inactive zone, whereas downwelling was inconsiderable. However, the morphology of the riverbed changed during the flood flow, and downwelling clearly dominated. Upwelling zones retained their activity despite a major change in hydrological conditions. Present studies on the artificially dug Moszczenica Canal have documented outflow of water from an artificial medieval canal to a naturally formed drainage base. This means that despite the passage of hundreds of years, the natural drainage base of the Moszczenica River is still active. Studies have demonstrated the applicability of the gradientmeter for evaluating the interaction between surface and groundwaters in the hyporheic zone.

Variability of Water Exchange in the Hyporheic Zone of a Lowland River in Poland Based on Gradientometric Studies

Hydrometry Research Unit, Institute of Physical Geography and Environmental Planning

Department of Geology and Geomorphology, Faculty of Geographical Sciences

Quaestiones Geographicae

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The Moszczenica is a lowland river, which is a third-order river with a length of 55 km; it flows into the Bzura River in central Poland. The objective of this...

Variability of Water Exchange in the Hyporheic Zone of a Lowland River in Poland Based on Gradientometric Studies

Published Online: Aug 27, 2022

Page range: 141 - 156

Received: May 10, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2022-0030

Keywords
groundwater–river water interactions, hyporheic zone, gradientmeter, Moszczenica River, Poland

© 2022 Marek Marciniak et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Variability of Water Exchange in the Hyporheic Zone of a Lowland River in Poland Based on Gradientometric Studies

Published Online: Aug 27, 2022

Page range: 141 - 156

Received: May 10, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2022-0030

Keywordsgroundwater–river water interactions, hyporheic zone, gradientmeter, Moszczenica River, Poland

© 2022 Marek Marciniak et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
groundwater–river water interactions, hyporheic zone, gradientmeter, Moszczenica River, Poland