Growth and characterization of 4-(((4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl)oxy)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid with Ce³⁺: for semiorganic nonlinear optical application

This work aims at the growth and characterization of novel semi-organometallic nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal 4-(((4- aminophenyl) sulfonyl) oxy)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid (ASODA) with ammonium ceric (II) sulfate dehydrate (ACS). The crystal 4-(((4-aminophenyl) sulfonyl) oxy)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxobutanoic acid with Ce³⁺ (STA) was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique using deionized water as a solvent. Crystalline system of the grown STA crystal was identified by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study and confirmed as monoclinic crystalline system with non-centrosymmetric space group P2₁/_C. The powder X-ray diffraction study confirmed the purity and crystallinity of the crystal. The presence of functional groups and hydrogen bonds (–O–H–O–) was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. UV-Vis spectra showed that the grown crystal had a low cutoff wavelength at 219 nm. The position of protons and carbons were determined by structural studies based on NMR technique. The grown crystal was thermally stable up to 130 °C and its melting point was 163 °C. The SHG studies were performed by Quanta Ray Model laser source using Kurtz powder technique. The NLO efficiency of the STA crystal was 0.5 times greater than that of standard KDP. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the grown crystal were studied at different temperatures. The surface morphology and the particle size of the crystal were determined by FE-SEM technique. From the mechanical studies, it was found that the grown crystal is a soft material.