Comparison of serological and molecular methods for differentiation between genotype A and genotype B strains of small ruminant lentiviruses
and | Apr 30, 2024
Published Online: Apr 30, 2024
Page range: -
Received: Nov 10, 2023
Accepted: Apr 24, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0025
Keywords
© 2024 Monika Olech et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Introduction
Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) cause multisystemic, degenerative and chronic disease in sheep and goats. There are five genotypes (A, B, C, D and E), of which A and B are the most widespread. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serotyping efficiency of the Eradikit SRLV Genotyping ELISA and the molecular typing efficiency of a newly developed nested real-time PCR targeting the long terminal repeat–
Material and Methods
A total of 97 sera samples taken from 34 sheep and 63 goats were immunoassayed, and 86 DNA samples from 31 sheep and 55 goats were tested with the PCR. All ruminants were infected with known SRLV strains of the A1, A5, A12, A13, A16, A17, A18, A23, A24, A27, B1 and B2 subtypes.
Results
A total of 69 (80.2%, 95% confidence interval 71.6%–88.8%) out of 86 tested samples gave positive results in the PCR. In 17 out of the 86 (19.8%) samples, no proviral DNA of SRLV was detected. The differentiation between MVV (genotype A) and CAEV (genotype B) by PCR matched the predating phylogenetic analysis invariably. No cross-reactivity was observed. On the other hand, the proportion of samples genotyped the same by the older phylogenetic analysis and the Eradikit SRLV Genotyping ELISA was 42.3%. The test was unable to classify 40.2% of samples, and 17.5% of sera were incorrectly classified.
Conclusion
Our results showed that the Eradikit SRLV genotyping kit is not a reliable method for predicting SRLV genotype, while the nested real-time PCR based on the LTR-