Recombinant hexon protein as a new bovine adenovirus type 3 subunit vaccine candidate
Published Online: Mar 17, 2023
Page range: 23 - 31
Received: Sep 05, 2022
Accepted: Mar 02, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0014
Keywords
© 2023 U. Gundegmaa et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Introduction
Bovine adenovirus (BAdV) type 3 causes respiratory and gastroenteric diseases of varying severity in cattle, particularly newborn calves. Trials have been conducted of a vaccination against the diseases caused by BAdV using both modified live-virus and inactivated-virus preparations in cattle, but no commercial BAdV-3 vaccine has yet reached the market. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new, safe, and effective vaccines against BAdV-3.
Material and Methods
Recombinant hexon protein (rhexon) of BAdV-3 was expressed in the
Results
The immunised mice had a stronger antibody response than the control group at eight weeks post vaccination. The immunised groups also showed significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) expression of interferon-γ, interleukin 2 (in mice), and interleukin 21 (in goats) at four weeks. Furthermore, vaccination with rhexon was able to induce long-term antibody production for at least 16 weeks in mice and goats.
Conclusion
The rhexon protein induced immune responses, especially long-term antibody production and T helper 1 cell cytokine production in mice and goats. The immunogenic properties of this protein make it a promising subunit vaccine antigen.