About this article
Published Online: May 26, 2018
Page range: 33 - 49
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0419
Keywords
© 2018 Gunnar Nygren et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Number of local offices for local and regional newspapers
| Newspaper group (with number of titles in parenthesis) | 2004 | 2016 | Change, per cent |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ander (9) | 17 | 8 | −53 |
| Bonnier (2) | 13 | 5 | −62 |
| Center party (3) | 18 | 6 | −67 |
| EK-group (3) | 7 | 5 | −29 |
| Gotamedia (11) | 44 | 29 | −34 |
| Herenco (7) | 23 | 12 | −48 |
| Independent newspapers (6) | 16 | 16 | 0 |
| Mittmedia (22) | 62 | 20 | −68 |
| NTM (11) | 22 | 15 | −32 |
| Stampen (7) | 12 | 7 | −42 |
| Social democratic party (2) | 9 | 6 | −33 |
| VK-group (2) | 7 | 4 | −43 |
| Total (85) | 250 | 133 | −47 |
Degree of local presence of legacy media in different types of municipalities (number of municipalities)
| None | One local office | Two or more local offices | Main newsroom for daily newspaper | Both daily newspaper and local office for public service | Daily newspaper and main newsroom for public service | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Large cities | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| Suburbs of large cities | 34 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 38 |
| Large towns | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 22 | 31 |
| Suburbs of large towns | 12 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
| Commuting municipalities | 21 | 28 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 52 |
| Tourism municipalities | 11 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 20 |
| Industrial municipalities | 12 | 29 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 54 |
| Sparsely populated municipalities | 11 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
| Municipalities in high density regions | 2 | 11 | 6 | 10 | 6 | 0 | 35 |
| Municipalities in sparsely populated regions | 1 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 16 |
| Total | 104 | 99 | 14 | 28 | 19 | 26 | 290 |
Producers of editorial content in hyperlocal media (per cent)
| Almost all | A large part | Half | Some part | Nothing | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Journalists | 39 | 13 | 10 | 10 | 28 | 100 |
| Employees (not journalists) | 17 | 8 | 5 | 24 | 46 | 100 |
| Readers/audience | 2 | 8 | 4 | 56 | 30 | 100 |
| Local municipality | 0 | 5 | 2 | 36 | 57 | 100 |
| Local companies | 0 | 2 | 1 | 27 | 70 | 100 |
| News agencies | 0 | 2 | 3 | 19 | 78 | 100 |
| Local associations | 4 | 4 | 6 | 47 | 39 | 100 |
| Other | 6 | 2 | 3 | 32 | 57 | 100 |
Editorial presence of local and regional legacy media and the number of hyperlocal media outlets (the number of municipalities with different levels of editorial presence and the number of hyperlocal outlets)
| Editorial presence of legacy media | The number of hyperlocal outlets in the municipality | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None | One | Two | Three | Four | Five | Six or more | Total | |
| No editorial presence | 37 | 30 | 22 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 104 |
| One local office | 34 | 41 | 16 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99 |
| Two or more local offices | 2 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 |
| Main newsroom for daily local newspaper | 7 | 9 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 |
| Main newsroom for daily paper and local office for public service | 4 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 |
| Main newsroom for both local newspaper and public service | 1 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 26 |
| Total | 85 | 98 | 59 | 33 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 290 |
Hyperlocal media in different types of municipalities
| Free paper in print | Local online news | Subscribed newspaper 1–2 d/w | Community radio and TV | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Large cities (3) | 50 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 66 |
| Suburbs to large cities (38) | 58 | 16 | 5 | 5 | 84 |
| Large towns (31) | 55 | 23 | 20 | 4 | 102 |
| Suburbs to large towns (21) | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 14 |
| Commuting municipalities (52) | 24 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 35 |
| Tourism municipalities (20) | 12 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 21 |
| Industrial municipalities (54) | 27 | 15 | 5 | 3 | 50 |
| Sparsely populated municipalities (20) | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| Municipalities in high density regions (35) | 30 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 48 |
| Municipalities in sparsely populated regions (16) | 12 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 18 |
| Total (290) | 286 | 94 | 51 | 17 | 448 |
Purpose and motivations for starting hyperlocal media (per cent)
| Important | Quite important | Neutral | Not so important | Unimportant | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To strengthen local identity and the local area | 76 | 14 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 100 |
| To offer a new channel for local advertisers | 50 | 19 | 11 | 6 | 14 | 100 |
| To be a forum for local democracy | 43 | 24 | 20 | 8 | 5 | 100 |
| Bad coverage from old local media | 41 | 29 | 15 | 7 | 8 | 100 |
| To make money for the company | 28 | 26 | 20 | 10 | 16 | 100 |
| To create work for employed | 10 | 24 | 26 | 11 | 29 | 100 |
Revenues in hyperlocal media from different sources (per cent)
| All (≈100%) | Nearly all (≈80%) | More than half (≈60%) | Less than half (≈40%) | Some (≈20%) | None (≈0%) | Sum | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Owners/members | 13 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 71 | 100 |
| Donations | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 92 | 100 |
| Advertisement | 53 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 13 | 100 |
| Subscriptions | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 88 | 100 |
| Public support | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 95 | 100 |
| Press subsidies | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 92 | 100 |
| Other | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 88 | 100 |