Data publikacji: 31 Dec 2013 Zakres stron: 455 - 469
Abstrakt
Abstract
In many regions of Europe pronounced disparities between the proportions of women and men in younger age groups can be observed. While cities tend to display a surplus of young women, sparsely populated rural areas are often characterised by a surplus of young men. Rural areas in the new federal states (former East Germany) are especially affected by a striking "lack" of women. This paper analyses the causes of this demographic imbalance using the example of Saxony-Anhalt and investigates its implications for regional development. In-depth interviews with young women, a questionnaire for school pupils both male and female, and the analysis of demographic data provide a basis for demonstrating how a specific path of demographic development has been generated by the crisis of social and economic transformation that followed reunification, the regional economic structure and the emergence of a culture of migration in rural Saxony-Anhalt. The primary factors that explain the migration of young women are long ongoing difficulties on the labour market, negatively perceived career opportunities, and a low level of identification with the region of origin. The findings of the investigation show that the analysis of the phenomenon of unbalanced gender proportions not only draws attention to gender-specific realms but also always touches upon the question of equivalent living conditions and spatial discourses.
Data publikacji: 31 Dec 2013 Zakres stron: 471 - 486
Abstrakt
Abstract
Although former East Germany has had continuously shrinking populations for many years, flats have been simultaneously newly built and torn down nationwide, according to the development program of the Federal Government and the states. This housing policy was previously considered a negative development. The consequences of demographic change show parallel development of residential housing construction and demolition. This is not unusual, nor a negative development. The structures of demand and supply can deviate from each other due to changing population structure, especially because flats are immobile and durable consumer goods. The development of stable housing markets in shrinking areas is a special challenge for housing and public policy. This paper uses the example of Saxony to illustrate the challenges faced by regional housing markets where demographic change is occurring and discusses the background and connections. The current development of residential housing construction is unsatisfactory and vacancies are increasing, which leads to another question: how can future housing needs be satisfied while simultaneously avoiding the consumption of new land for housing?
Data publikacji: 31 Dec 2013 Zakres stron: 497 - 507
Abstrakt
Abstract
For more than 15 years now, researchers and policy makers have been discussing the transfer of trading programs from the regulation of emissions to the regulation of land development. However, the debate remained limited to researchers for a long time, until the German government initiated preparation of a nationwide "pilot project" in 2009. This paper reports on the results of the preliminary project funded by the Federal Environment Agency. An interdisciplinary team developed an outline proposal for the "pilot project". After a summary of the consequences, benefits and cost of tradable planning permits in general, the paper presents and discusses how the project should be organized in detail. The proposal suggests a controlled field experiment in combination with extensive municipal case studies. The paper concludes with a perspective of the expected outcome of the "pilot project" which has started in 2012.
In many regions of Europe pronounced disparities between the proportions of women and men in younger age groups can be observed. While cities tend to display a surplus of young women, sparsely populated rural areas are often characterised by a surplus of young men. Rural areas in the new federal states (former East Germany) are especially affected by a striking "lack" of women. This paper analyses the causes of this demographic imbalance using the example of Saxony-Anhalt and investigates its implications for regional development. In-depth interviews with young women, a questionnaire for school pupils both male and female, and the analysis of demographic data provide a basis for demonstrating how a specific path of demographic development has been generated by the crisis of social and economic transformation that followed reunification, the regional economic structure and the emergence of a culture of migration in rural Saxony-Anhalt. The primary factors that explain the migration of young women are long ongoing difficulties on the labour market, negatively perceived career opportunities, and a low level of identification with the region of origin. The findings of the investigation show that the analysis of the phenomenon of unbalanced gender proportions not only draws attention to gender-specific realms but also always touches upon the question of equivalent living conditions and spatial discourses.
Although former East Germany has had continuously shrinking populations for many years, flats have been simultaneously newly built and torn down nationwide, according to the development program of the Federal Government and the states. This housing policy was previously considered a negative development. The consequences of demographic change show parallel development of residential housing construction and demolition. This is not unusual, nor a negative development. The structures of demand and supply can deviate from each other due to changing population structure, especially because flats are immobile and durable consumer goods. The development of stable housing markets in shrinking areas is a special challenge for housing and public policy. This paper uses the example of Saxony to illustrate the challenges faced by regional housing markets where demographic change is occurring and discusses the background and connections. The current development of residential housing construction is unsatisfactory and vacancies are increasing, which leads to another question: how can future housing needs be satisfied while simultaneously avoiding the consumption of new land for housing?
For more than 15 years now, researchers and policy makers have been discussing the transfer of trading programs from the regulation of emissions to the regulation of land development. However, the debate remained limited to researchers for a long time, until the German government initiated preparation of a nationwide "pilot project" in 2009. This paper reports on the results of the preliminary project funded by the Federal Environment Agency. An interdisciplinary team developed an outline proposal for the "pilot project". After a summary of the consequences, benefits and cost of tradable planning permits in general, the paper presents and discusses how the project should be organized in detail. The proposal suggests a controlled field experiment in combination with extensive municipal case studies. The paper concludes with a perspective of the expected outcome of the "pilot project" which has started in 2012.