Production clusters are gaining increasing attention on the part of regional economic policy makers. With reference to the exemplary model of the production cluster in the optical industry in the Wetzlar region, this article intends to show that definite starting points for a cluster-oriented regional policy can be derived by systematically inquiring into the existing networks and linkages within a cluster. Due to the historical development and growth of the local enterprises and institutions, special consideration will be given to the evolutionary development of a cluster or its regional development path.
This paper tests whether the economic structures of german cities converged to a representative structure within the time period from 1990 to 1998. To do this, data describing the economic structure of german cities is used. It can be shown that the economic structures of German cities converged statistically significant to a representative structure. From the perspective of an individual city this means that those sectors with a below average number of employees will on the average perform better — grow more or shrink less — than other sectors.
This paper examines the question of to what extent the subsidies available from the European Union provide a larger scope of action to local authorities. This was studied for the case of Oldenburg, a city in north-western Lower Saxony. The object of the studies was an inventory of all EU projects in the city of Oldenburg in the period from 1997 to 2002, and a quantitative analysis of seven selected EU projects. The study concludes that municipal efforts to obtain EU subsidies are well worthwhile. Many EU projects in Oldenburg target typical municipal fields of policy and action, such as urban development, promotion of economic development, social integration, and vocational qualifications. However, effective municipal involvement in obtaining EU funds also requires a qualified and differentiated advisory service.
Although intra-regional images play a key role in competition between locations and in marketing regions as a socio-economic and a cultural asset, little attention has hitherto been paid to intra-regional marketing. Yet ideas for the marketing of regions can only be implemented successfully in the long term if the internal image by groups of people native to a region and the external image of potential costumers correspond. Based on the Brandenburg/Berlin region, this contribution examines the issue of how problems and suggested solutions begin to emerge.
The first privately operated motorway projects and heavy truck toll collection schemes on German motorways are components of an intensified integration of road usage and financing. Distance-related user charges could entail higher transport costs for peripheral regions. An empirical analysis for Germany reveals that concerning freight transport peripheral regions might be charged twice compared to more central regions, albeit at rather low shares of transport costs in revenues. Concerning car traffic, the urban fringe of agglomerations would bear the highest transport cost increments. Higher transport costs for peripheral regions and, as a consequence, a more compact spatial division of labour might be at odds with the regional equity objective, but would match other objectives of regional planning.
Inner-city development uses available infrastructure: The capacities suffice in case of a small-scale development or if other traffic-intensive uses are replaced—especially if the population decreases. They are not sufficient in case of large-scale inner-city developments. Following an „intermediary peak” in the last decade, new urban districts in the surrounding areas are not cosistent anymore with the emerging demographic development. Traffic remains a problem for intermediate city and suburbia: it is too dispersive for local public transport, the distances are too large to go by bicycle and foot. The dependence on the car binds a considerable part of budgets. Inner-city development benefits from the proximity to already available uses. The way in which mixed land use is individually handled, determines traffic-related effects. The related (controversial) discussion will be presented in the following.
Production clusters are gaining increasing attention on the part of regional economic policy makers. With reference to the exemplary model of the production cluster in the optical industry in the Wetzlar region, this article intends to show that definite starting points for a cluster-oriented regional policy can be derived by systematically inquiring into the existing networks and linkages within a cluster. Due to the historical development and growth of the local enterprises and institutions, special consideration will be given to the evolutionary development of a cluster or its regional development path.
This paper tests whether the economic structures of german cities converged to a representative structure within the time period from 1990 to 1998. To do this, data describing the economic structure of german cities is used. It can be shown that the economic structures of German cities converged statistically significant to a representative structure. From the perspective of an individual city this means that those sectors with a below average number of employees will on the average perform better — grow more or shrink less — than other sectors.
This paper examines the question of to what extent the subsidies available from the European Union provide a larger scope of action to local authorities. This was studied for the case of Oldenburg, a city in north-western Lower Saxony. The object of the studies was an inventory of all EU projects in the city of Oldenburg in the period from 1997 to 2002, and a quantitative analysis of seven selected EU projects. The study concludes that municipal efforts to obtain EU subsidies are well worthwhile. Many EU projects in Oldenburg target typical municipal fields of policy and action, such as urban development, promotion of economic development, social integration, and vocational qualifications. However, effective municipal involvement in obtaining EU funds also requires a qualified and differentiated advisory service.
Although intra-regional images play a key role in competition between locations and in marketing regions as a socio-economic and a cultural asset, little attention has hitherto been paid to intra-regional marketing. Yet ideas for the marketing of regions can only be implemented successfully in the long term if the internal image by groups of people native to a region and the external image of potential costumers correspond. Based on the Brandenburg/Berlin region, this contribution examines the issue of how problems and suggested solutions begin to emerge.
The first privately operated motorway projects and heavy truck toll collection schemes on German motorways are components of an intensified integration of road usage and financing. Distance-related user charges could entail higher transport costs for peripheral regions. An empirical analysis for Germany reveals that concerning freight transport peripheral regions might be charged twice compared to more central regions, albeit at rather low shares of transport costs in revenues. Concerning car traffic, the urban fringe of agglomerations would bear the highest transport cost increments. Higher transport costs for peripheral regions and, as a consequence, a more compact spatial division of labour might be at odds with the regional equity objective, but would match other objectives of regional planning.
Inner-city development uses available infrastructure: The capacities suffice in case of a small-scale development or if other traffic-intensive uses are replaced—especially if the population decreases. They are not sufficient in case of large-scale inner-city developments. Following an „intermediary peak” in the last decade, new urban districts in the surrounding areas are not cosistent anymore with the emerging demographic development. Traffic remains a problem for intermediate city and suburbia: it is too dispersive for local public transport, the distances are too large to go by bicycle and foot. The dependence on the car binds a considerable part of budgets. Inner-city development benefits from the proximity to already available uses. The way in which mixed land use is individually handled, determines traffic-related effects. The related (controversial) discussion will be presented in the following.