Volume 19 (2015): Edizione 1 (July 2015)

The research investigated the accumulation of malic acid and diacetyl in the white wines during the alcoholic fermentation of must with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeasts isolated by the author and Oenococcus oeni malolactic bacteria in a concentration of 10⁶ CFU/mL. The two aroma compounds were detected and quantified in the resulting wines, making a comparison between the two technological systems, i.e.: co-inoculation of malolactic bacteria and sequential inoculation. Based on our determinations, it was ascertained that the Oenococcus oeni malolactic bacteria co-inoculation system in fermentative processes leads to a substantial reduction of malolactic bacteria and diacetyl concentrations. Thus, harmonious, balanced white wines are obtained, as specific to the area.

In order to investigative the effect of different neutralizers and their feeding time on culture of Bifidobacterium bifidum BB01, and pH, OD and viable count of B. bifidumBB01 in the medium in different time were measured. The results indicated that the NaOH solution was the optimum neutralizer compared with the others, and feeding time of the neutralizer to B. bifidum BB01 was 13 hours after inoculation. Furthermore, the OD value and viable count reached maximum at 21h (OD value= 1.667) and 20h (viable count: (3.52±0.046) ×10⁹ CFU/mL) after the NaOH solution was added to the medium, respectively. In addition, the maximum OD value implied that the logarithmic phase of B. bifidum BB01 was delayed compared with the control and the viable count were 29.26% larger than the control group. The result of the study provides a method and an important basis for improving the viable counts of B. bifidum BB01.

Until the introduction of SEUROP system, price negotiation between pig producers and slaughterhouses was based on two subjective criteria: animal weight and visual inspection of the quality of pigs. To ensure producers a fair payment, European Union created the possibility of binding the price on two objective factors: carcass weight and carcass composition. This paper describes the pricing mechanism developed by Romania in order to respond to European Union requirements for ensuring a fair payment to pig producers. It raises the attention on the difficulties encountered by the producers in understanding the way the commercial value of a pig carcass is calculated in case the selling price is negotiated on a flat rate basis or on a lean content basis (per kg of carcass weight or per kg of live weight).

In 29 October 1975 Council Regulation of European Economic Community (EEC) provided the common organization of the pig meat market. In 1984, EEC considered it necessary to lay down general rules ensuring uniform grading of pig carcasses. The main objective of this paper is to describe how pig carcass classification implemented by EU legislation has become a core strategic competition between manufacturers. In the European Commission the carcass classification system is assimilated as an instrument of intervention. This guarantees the agricultural community a decent life. The classification and payment system promoted by EU producers ensure greater transparency of the market, providing to the economic agents involved in the sector quick access to information on evolution of prices in different markets.

The quality of cereals is very important for both human and animal nutrition. Fusarium mycotoxins include a great number of compounds. Trichothecenes, zearalenone (ZEN) and fumonisins are the major Fusarium mycotoxins occurring in cereal grains, animal feeds and forages. Conditions that predispose to mycotoxin production by Fusarium species include humidity, temperature, aeration and substrate type. Even if a great number of fungal metabolites have been designated as mycotoxins, a small number are known to have significant animal/human health and economic significance. For this, the world-wide impact of mycotoxins on human and animal health is likely underestimated and the future in this area is to identify additional specific biomarkers and group of biomarkers that can be used to establish the exposition of human and animals to individual mycotoxins.

A comparative study of kinetic models to describe the dynamics of the fermentation process of culturing of a probiotic strain Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus B1 was performed. The models of Monod, Aiba, Tiessier, Hinshelwood and the equation of the logistic curve combined with the model of Ludeking-Piret were used. It has been found that the different models described the observed fermentation dynamics differently. The conducted comparative study demonstrated that the models of Monod and the equation of the logistic curve combined with the model of Ludeking-Piret were suitable for the description of the fermentation dynamics. The mathematical models showed no significant product and/or substrate inhibition. The culture developed with a low specific growth rate, but nevertheless it accumulated 10¹²-10¹³ viable cells. The substrate was absorbed primarily from cells in the stationary growth phase rather than cells in the exponential growth phase

Water pollution is an essential component for the farmers in managing their agriculture fams. In almost all cases, without the chemical and microbiological analysis of water samples, the effect is damaging the animals and also the consumers. The study was carried out in Sibiu region of Romania, along Hârtibaciu River, and includes four farms, averaging 250 goats with different production system. Difficulties in ensuring quality milk, derived from various sources of contamination, the quality of water is directly depended on the maintenance of water suply. The foreign substances or microorganisms sometimes don’t affect the appearance or taste of the water, but can influence the health of animals and of course the quality of dairy products. This study was made to analyse the microbiological quality of water resources of the farmers, knowing that this is a major factor which influence the guality of the milk. The bacteriological tests were made onto Agar medium culture in petri dishes and were incubated at 37°C for 48h. Based on the microbiologicaly tests of the Hârtibaciu River resource, we could analyse the quality of the milk, too. The results of this study was presented and discused with the farmers and it was the starting point for them in changing their breeding technology, looking forward to improve their dairy production. A better quality of goat milk will be the main purpose of this study knowing that the farmers successed in their business

The influence of time on the yield of alcohol extraction from marc stored monitored and interpreted for 10, respectively 20, 40, 60 and 80 days was investigated. The distillation of diffusion juice obtained through two fermentation variants led to the conclusion that a longer storage time leads to a drastic decrease of the alcohol level in marc. Thus, this valuable sub product evaporates, i.e. is lost. It was clear that the results were strongly connected, although the procedure differs from the point of view of the order of the technological succession.

This paper investigates the antimicrobial action of Escherichia coli ATCC^R CRM-8739^TM on the following essential oils: Teucrium marum, Pinus sylwestris, Thymus vulgaris, Salviae aethedaroleum, Cinnamomum aromaticum, Hippophae rhamnoides, Lavandula angustifolia, Abies alba, Zingiber officinale, Anethum graveolens, Coriandrum sativum, Origanum vulgare, extracted industrialy from romanian plants, using the diffusion disc method. The most intense activity was observed at the essential oil of Cinnamomum aromaticum (cinnamon) and the mildest activity was observed at Zingiber officinale (ginger). Many of the essential oils tested exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity, as Teucrium marum, Thymus vulgaris, Hippophae rhamnoides, Lavandula angustifolia,Coriandrum sativum. The lowest antibacterial activity was exhibited on Pinus sylwestris, Salviae aethedaroleum, Zingiber officinale and Anethum graveolens.