Journal & Issues

Volume 31 (2023): Issue 52 (June 2023)

Volume 30 (2022): Issue 51 (November 2022)

Volume 30 (2022): Issue 50 (June 2022)

Volume 29 (2021): Issue 49 (September 2021)

Volume 29 (2021): Issue 48 (June 2021)

Volume 28 (2020): Issue 47 (September 2020)

Volume 28 (2020): Issue 46 (June 2020)

Volume 27 (2019): Issue 45 (September 2019)

Volume 27 (2019): Issue 44 (June 2019)

Volume 27 (2019): Issue s1 (December 2019)
Special Number

Volume 26 (2018): Issue 43 (September 2018)

Volume 26 (2018): Issue 42 (June 2018)

Volume 25 (2017): Issue 41 (September 2017)

Volume 25 (2017): Issue 40 (June 2017)

Volume 24 (2016): Issue 39 (December 2016)

Volume 24 (2016): Issue 38 (September 2016)

Volume 24 (2016): Issue 37 (June 2016)

Volume 23 (2015): Issue 36 (June 2015)

Volume 23 (2015): Issue s1 (August 2015)
Issue Title: Special number

Volume 22 (2014): Issue 341 (December 2014)
Special Issue

Volume 22 (2014): Issue 35 (December 2014)

Volume 22 (2014): Issue 34 (June 2014)

Volume 21 (2013): Issue Special-Issue (June 2013)

Volume 21 (2013): Issue 33 (December 2013)

Volume 20 (2012): Issue Special-Number (December 2012)
CO-MAT-TECH 2012

Volume 20 (2013): Issue 32 (January 2013)

Volume 19 (2011): Issue 31 (January 2011)

Volume 19 (2011): Issue 30 (January 2011)

Volume 18 (2010): Issue 29 (January 2010)

Volume 18 (2010): Issue 28 (January 2010)

Journal Details
Format
Journal
eISSN
1338-0532
First Published
03 Mar 2011
Publication timeframe
2 times per year
Languages
English

Search

Volume 23 (2015): Issue 36 (June 2015)

Journal Details
Format
Journal
eISSN
1338-0532
First Published
03 Mar 2011
Publication timeframe
2 times per year
Languages
English

Search

0 Articles
Open Access

Analysis Of Deviation In The Measurement Of Vibrations

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 9 - 15

Abstract

Abstract

In order to achieve relevant and exact value in measurement of vibrations, it is necessary to add the corresponding value of deviation to the result of measurement. As the topic of determining the deviation is too complex and the scope of article is limited, we focus on the characteristic features and mathematical description of the basic types of deviations and some partial deviations which should betaken into account in measurement.

Keywords

  • deviation
  • analysis
  • sources
Open Access

Combustion Gases And Heat Release Analysis During Flame And Flameless Combustion Of Wood Pellets

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 17 - 24

Abstract

Abstract

With the growing prices of fossil fuels, alternative fuels produced of biomass come to the fore. They are made of waste materials derived from the processing of wood and wood materials. The main objective of this study was to analyse the fire-technical characteristics of wood pellets. The study analysed three dust samples acquired from wood pellets made of various types of wood biomass. Wood pellet dust is produced when manipulating with pellets. During this process a potentially hazardous situations may occur. Biomass is chemically composed mostly of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. During straining of the biomass by heat flux, combustion initiation occurs. Also, there was a change in the composition of material throughout combustion gases production, and the amount of heat generated by a flame or flameless combustion. Measurement of fire characteristics was conducted according to ISO 5660-1 standard using a cone calorimeter. Two samples of wood pellet dust were tested under the heat flux of 35 kW.m−2 and 50 kW.m−2. The process of combustion, the time to ignition, the carbon monoxide concentration and the amount of released heat were observed.

Keywords

  • biomass
  • heat release rate
  • flame combustion
  • flameless combustion
Open Access

3,5-Dichlorophenol Removal From Wastewater Using Alternative Adsorbents

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 25 - 32

Abstract

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of 3,5-dichlorophenol removal from wastewater by using alternative low cost adsorbents. Waste from the production and processing of metals (black nickel mud, red mud) and a biosorbent (Lemna minor) were used for this research. Initial concentration of the contaminant was 4 mmol L−1, the contact time of sorbent and waste water was 0 - 48 hrs and the temperature during experiment was 25 ± 0.2 °C. The results show that the highest removal efficiency of 3,5 - dichlorophenol (58.18 %) was reached by the red mud in 48 hours.

Keywords

  • red mud
  • black nickel mud
  • Lemna minor
  • sorption
  • adsorbent
Open Access

Removal Of Copper From Aqueous Solutions By Using Natural And Fe-Modified Clinoptilolite

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 33 - 40

Abstract

Abstract

Removal of copper from aqueous solution on the natural and modified clinoptilolite was studied under static conditions. Batch adsorptions of copper were performed to investigate the effects of contact time and initial metal ion concentration. The Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were used to analyse the experimental data. The kinetic analyses of the adsorption processes were performed using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models.

Keywords

  • sorption
  • copper
  • natural clinoptilolite
  • Fe-modified clinoptilolite
  • isotherm
  • kinetic
Open Access

Sorption Kinetics Of Selected Heavy Metals Adsorption To Natural And Fe(III) Modified Zeolite Tuff Containing Clinoptilolite Mineral

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 41 - 47

Abstract

Abstract

In the research described in this paper, studied was sorption capacity of natural and ferric modification of zeolite tuff containing mineral clinoptilolite from the Nižný Hrabovec deposit to remove potentially toxic metals (ionic forms of chromium, nickel, copper and aluminium) from their water solutions. We reported that the Fe (III) zeolite has an enhanced ability to sorption of Cu (II), and a slight improvement occurs in the case of Cr (VI) and Ni (II). On the other hand, the deterioration was observed in the case of Al (III) adsorption.

Keywords

  • sorption
  • zeolite
  • clinoptilolite
  • Fe(III) clinoptilolite
  • chromium
  • nickel
  • copper
  • aluminium
Open Access

Determination Of The Maximum Explosion Pressure And The Maximum Rate Of Pressure Rise During Explosion Of Wood Dust Clouds

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 49 - 56

Abstract

Abstract

The article deals with the measurement of maximum explosion pressure and the maximum rate of exposure pressure rise of wood dust cloud. The measurements were carried out according to STN EN 14034-1+A1:2011 Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds. Part 1: Determination of the maximum explosion pressure pmax of dust clouds and the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise according to STN EN 14034-2+A1:2012 Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds - Part 2: Determination of the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise (dp/dt)max of dust clouds. The wood dust cloud in the chamber is achieved mechanically. The testing of explosions of wood dust clouds showed that the maximum value of the pressure was reached at the concentrations of 450 g / m3 and its value is 7.95 bar. The fastest increase of pressure was observed at the concentrations of 450 g / m3 and its value was 68 bar / s.

Keywords

  • wood dust clouds
  • explosion characteristics
  • maximum explosion pressure
  • maximum rate of explosion pressure rise
Open Access

Labelling Of Textile Products From The Perspective Of Quality, Maintenance, Safety And Environment

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 57 - 64

Abstract

Abstract

Fundamental right of all consumers is the availability of necessary information to protect their own health. Information should be obtained from the marks referred to the product which they come into contact with. Marks are integral parts of everyone's life. We can see various types of marks at home, in stores and everywhere around us. Symbols indicate to the consumer the importance assigned to them in an opinion system (labelling scheme).

Keywords

  • labelling
  • textiles
  • symbol
Open Access

The Study Of Metalworking Fluids Biodegradability By Indirect Measurement Of Bacterial Inoculum Respiration

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 65 - 75

Abstract

Abstract

An apparatus for measuring biodegradability of metalworking fluids (MWFs) was constructed according to (1), based on the Zahn-Wellens test which enables a continuous determination of CO2 production by the change in conductivity of absorption solution. Results obtained from the testing of 8 different MWFs by this modified method were compared to those obtained in standardized OECD 302 B. The comparison showed better description of bacterial inoculum activity in tested solution; lag phase was easy to indicate. Tested emulsion achieved the level of primary degradability 39.7 – 40.8 %, and semi-synthetics 19.1 – 43.5%. The samples of synthetics where the degradation level reached 43.9 - 58.6 % were identified as the most degradable metalworking fluids.

Keywords

  • biodegradability
  • Metalworking Fluids
  • Cutting Fluids
  • Carbon dioxide
  • CO
Open Access

The Study Into Potential Enhacement Of Metalworking Fluids Biodegradability By The Application Of O3/UV

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 77 - 85

Abstract

Abstract

The increase in mineralization and biodegradability of MWFs by ozone/ultraviolet in comparison with ozone were investigated. Studied were two similar synthetic fluids pre-treated by the combination of the O3/UV advanced oxidative method. Expectations that the pre-treatment could enhance biodegradability of the metalworking fluid were not confirmed. The combined oxidation process at the defined conditions resulted in 1-35 % decrease of the achieved primary degradation level. Samples were prepared from real concentrates and diluted to approximately 350 mg/L of TOC.

Keywords

  • biodegradability
  • Metalworking Fluids
  • AOP’s
  • Advanced oxidation processes
  • Ozone
  • UV-irradiation
Open Access

Cultivation Of Microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) For Biodiesel Production

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 87 - 95

Abstract

Abstract

Production of biofuel from renewable sources is considered to be one of the most sustainable alternatives to petroleum sourced fuels. Biofuels are also viable means of environmental and economic sustainability. Biofuels are divided into four generations, depending on the type of biomass used for biofuels production. At present, microalgae are presented as an ideal third generation biofuel feedstock because of their rapid growth rate. They also do not compete with food or feed crops, and can be produced on non-arable land. Cultivation conditions (temperature, pH, light, nutrient quantity and quality, salinity, aerating) are the major factors that influence photosynthesis activity and behaviour of the microalgae growth rate. In this paper, we present an overview about the effect of cultivation conditions on microalgae growth.

Keywords

  • microalgae
  • biofuels
  • cultivation conditions
  • growth rate
  • Chlorella vulgaris
  • Chlorella sp
Open Access

Characterisation Of Polysacharides And Lipids From Selected Green Algae Species By FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 97 - 102

Abstract

Abstract

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used in this study to identify and determine spectral features of Chromochloris zofingiensis (Dönz) Fucíková et L.A. Lewis (SAG 211-14, Gottingen, Germany), Acutodesmus obliguus (Turpin) Hegewald (SAG 276-1, Gottingen, Germany) and Chlorella sorokiniana (K. Brandt) Pröschold et Darienko (SAG 211-40c, Gottingen, Germany). Polysaccharides and lipids from these three algae species were determined using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) with ATR accessory with diamante crystal in spectral range from 400 – 4000 cm−1 and resolution 4.

Keywords

  • polysaccharides
  • lipids
  • algae
  • FTIR-ATR
  • Chromochloris zofingiensis
  • Acutodesmus obliguus
  • Chlorella sorokiniana
Open Access

Comprehensive Study Of Duckweed Cultivation And Growth Conditions Under Controlled Eutrophication

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 103 - 107

Abstract

Abstract

The paper discussed the issue of eutrophication. The most conspicuous effect of eutrophication is the creation of dense blooms of noxious, foul-smelling phytoplankton that reduce water clarity and harm water quality. Nutrient concentration, temperature and pH of the water largely influence the growth rate and composition of duckweed in general, but it can be said that the temperature and solar irradiation are the most important factors. In order to compare the rate of biomass increase of duckweed biomass in natural conditions and in a laboratory grown sample was analysed by spectrophotometric methods in UV/VIS region (Spectrophotometer GENESYSTM) for the selected nutrients such as ammonium, ammonium nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate.

Keywords

  • duckweed
  • Lemna minor
  • cultivation
  • eutrophication
  • pollution
Open Access

The Activation Energy Of Ignition Calculation For Materials Based On Plastics

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 109 - 115

Abstract

Abstract

This article deals with the activation energy of ignition calculation of plastics. Two types of polyamide 6 and one type of polypropylene and polyurethane were selected as samples. The samples were tested under isothermal conditions at several temperatures while times to ignition were observed. From the obtained data, activation energy relating to the moment of ignition was calculated for each plastics. The values for individual plastics were different. The highest activation energies (129.5 kJ.mol−1 and 106.2 kJ.mol−1) were achieved by polyamides 6, while the lowest was determined for a sample of polyurethane.

Keywords

  • activation energy
  • thermooxidation
  • polymers
  • plastics
Open Access

Voluntary Tools Of The Environmental Oriented Product Policy

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 117 - 124

Abstract

Abstract

Environmentally oriented product policy is in general determined by the relationships between its aims – subjects – objects - tools. It is based on the integrated approach to the product life cycle, which anticipates an enormous amount of information. It has to solve the questions of the international trade as well as the rules of the International Trade Organization. New forms of preventive environmental strategies and especially Green Marketing are being introduced helping to solve environmental problems and environmental motivation of producers. Many producers face great attention of the public regarding their approach to the environment. Despite the fact that the customers buy products fairly prudently and their behaviour is markedly affected by prices, a particular part of the population prefers the products that do not burden the environment. This brings about a situation, in which the producers within their mutual competition and in relation to customers are enforced to behave responsibly.

Keywords

  • environment
  • product
  • policy
  • ecolabelling
  • Life-Cycle Assessment
  • ecodesign
  • marketing
Open Access

Environmental And Quality Management System In The Context Of Sustainable Development

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 125 - 132

Abstract

Abstract

Growing load and deterioration of the environment can be interpreted as a result of some external effects interventions. While the positive externalities influence the positive productional and utilizational functions of other subjects, the negative externalities influence the negative ones. Both types of external effects can act as parcial or global externalities. Linking of environmental issues to economy and finance is an important sphere.

Keywords

  • environment
  • quality
  • management
Open Access

Integrated Management System – Scope, Possibilities And Methodology

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 135 - 140

Abstract

Abstract

Organizations are becoming more aware of the importance of integrated management systems (IMS). Interest in this subject indicates that IMS are seen as “management systems of the future”. Based on this, the aim of this articles characterizes the possibility of building IMS through the identification of common elements and specific requirements in accordance with the ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 professional references. Part of the article is the methodology of building IMS in the organization.

Keywords

  • Integrated management system
  • Management systems: ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18001
Open Access

CSI Index Of Customer’s Satisfaction Applied In The Area Of Public Transport

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 141 - 150

Abstract

Abstract

In Western countries, the new visions are applied in quality control for an integrated public transport system. Public transport puts the customer at the centre of our decision making in achieving customer satisfaction with provided service. Sustainable surveys are kept among customers. A lot of companies are collecting huge databases containing over 30,000 voices of customers, which demonstrates the current satisfaction levels across the public transport service. Customer satisfaction with a provided service is a difficult task. In this service, the quality criteria are not clearly defined, and it is therefore difficult to define customer satisfaction. The paper introduces a possibility of CSI index application in conditions of the Slovak Republic transport area.

Keywords

  • quality
  • CSI
  • public transport
  • customer satisfaction
  • provided service
  • quality criteria
  • integrated public transport
Open Access

The FTA Method And A Possibility Of Its Application In The Area Of Road Freight Transport

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 151 - 158

Abstract

Abstract

The Fault Tree process utilizes logic diagrams to portray and analyse potentially hazardous events. Three basic symbols (logic gates) are adequate for diagramming any fault tree. However, additional recently developed symbols can be used to reduce the time and effort required for analysis. A fault tree is a graphical representation of the relationship between certain specific events and the ultimate undesired event (2). This paper deals to method of Fault Tree Analysis basic description and provides a practical view on possibility of application by quality improvement in road freight transport company.

Keywords

  • Fault Tree Analysis
  • fault tree
  • quality
  • transport service
  • quality improvement
  • logic gate
Open Access

Analysis Of Provided Service Quality In Flowers And Living Plants Transport

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 159 - 166

Abstract

Abstract

This paper analyses quality of the living flowers and plants transportation. A part of this paper compares the demands for a particular transport mode and a practical demonstration of these transport modes within a specific transport mode. The paper presents a survey of quality of services provided by individual transport modes.

Keywords

  • flowers
  • living plants
  • flowers and living plants transport
  • CITES
  • phytoinspection
Open Access

Selected Aspects Of The Risk In The Supply Chain In Context Of The Supplier Quality Management

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 167 - 178

Abstract

Abstract

The introductory part of the paper underlines the importance of "Risk-based thinking" in the Quality Management System (QMS) and risk in the supply chain, as a principle part of the QMS. After introducing the key terms, the authors focused on the principle part of the article - explanation of the external and internal supply chain risks and the main factors concerning the supply risks, demand risks and environmental risks (as cardinal types of external supply chain risks) as well as the manufacturing and process risks, network/planning and control risks (as most important types of internal supply chain risks). The authors inform on the selected supply chain risk management tools, especially on those which are linked to the appropriate utilization of quality management tools.

Keywords

  • risk
  • risk management
  • supplier
  • supply chain risk
  • quality
  • quality management
Open Access

Experience Of Implementing The Integrated Management System In Manufacturing Companies In Slovakia

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 179 - 186

Abstract

Abstract

In corporate practice, the term of Integrated Management System means a system the aim of which is to manage an organization regarding the quality, environment, health and safety at work. In the first phase of the VEGA project No. 1/0448/13 “Transformation of ergonomics program into the company management structure through interaction and utilization QMS, EMS, HSMS”, we focused on obtaining information about the way or procedure of implementing the integrated management systems in manufacturing companies in Slovakia. The paper considers characteristics of integrated management system, specifies the possibilities for successive integration of the management systems and also describes the essential aspects of the practical implementation of integrated management systems in companies in Slovakia.

Keywords

  • Integrated Management Systems (IMS)
  • Integration of Management Systems
  • Quality Management System (QMS)
  • Continuous Improvement
  • Sustainability
0 Articles
Open Access

Analysis Of Deviation In The Measurement Of Vibrations

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 9 - 15

Abstract

Abstract

In order to achieve relevant and exact value in measurement of vibrations, it is necessary to add the corresponding value of deviation to the result of measurement. As the topic of determining the deviation is too complex and the scope of article is limited, we focus on the characteristic features and mathematical description of the basic types of deviations and some partial deviations which should betaken into account in measurement.

Keywords

  • deviation
  • analysis
  • sources
Open Access

Combustion Gases And Heat Release Analysis During Flame And Flameless Combustion Of Wood Pellets

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 17 - 24

Abstract

Abstract

With the growing prices of fossil fuels, alternative fuels produced of biomass come to the fore. They are made of waste materials derived from the processing of wood and wood materials. The main objective of this study was to analyse the fire-technical characteristics of wood pellets. The study analysed three dust samples acquired from wood pellets made of various types of wood biomass. Wood pellet dust is produced when manipulating with pellets. During this process a potentially hazardous situations may occur. Biomass is chemically composed mostly of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. During straining of the biomass by heat flux, combustion initiation occurs. Also, there was a change in the composition of material throughout combustion gases production, and the amount of heat generated by a flame or flameless combustion. Measurement of fire characteristics was conducted according to ISO 5660-1 standard using a cone calorimeter. Two samples of wood pellet dust were tested under the heat flux of 35 kW.m−2 and 50 kW.m−2. The process of combustion, the time to ignition, the carbon monoxide concentration and the amount of released heat were observed.

Keywords

  • biomass
  • heat release rate
  • flame combustion
  • flameless combustion
Open Access

3,5-Dichlorophenol Removal From Wastewater Using Alternative Adsorbents

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 25 - 32

Abstract

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of 3,5-dichlorophenol removal from wastewater by using alternative low cost adsorbents. Waste from the production and processing of metals (black nickel mud, red mud) and a biosorbent (Lemna minor) were used for this research. Initial concentration of the contaminant was 4 mmol L−1, the contact time of sorbent and waste water was 0 - 48 hrs and the temperature during experiment was 25 ± 0.2 °C. The results show that the highest removal efficiency of 3,5 - dichlorophenol (58.18 %) was reached by the red mud in 48 hours.

Keywords

  • red mud
  • black nickel mud
  • Lemna minor
  • sorption
  • adsorbent
Open Access

Removal Of Copper From Aqueous Solutions By Using Natural And Fe-Modified Clinoptilolite

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 33 - 40

Abstract

Abstract

Removal of copper from aqueous solution on the natural and modified clinoptilolite was studied under static conditions. Batch adsorptions of copper were performed to investigate the effects of contact time and initial metal ion concentration. The Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were used to analyse the experimental data. The kinetic analyses of the adsorption processes were performed using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models.

Keywords

  • sorption
  • copper
  • natural clinoptilolite
  • Fe-modified clinoptilolite
  • isotherm
  • kinetic
Open Access

Sorption Kinetics Of Selected Heavy Metals Adsorption To Natural And Fe(III) Modified Zeolite Tuff Containing Clinoptilolite Mineral

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 41 - 47

Abstract

Abstract

In the research described in this paper, studied was sorption capacity of natural and ferric modification of zeolite tuff containing mineral clinoptilolite from the Nižný Hrabovec deposit to remove potentially toxic metals (ionic forms of chromium, nickel, copper and aluminium) from their water solutions. We reported that the Fe (III) zeolite has an enhanced ability to sorption of Cu (II), and a slight improvement occurs in the case of Cr (VI) and Ni (II). On the other hand, the deterioration was observed in the case of Al (III) adsorption.

Keywords

  • sorption
  • zeolite
  • clinoptilolite
  • Fe(III) clinoptilolite
  • chromium
  • nickel
  • copper
  • aluminium
Open Access

Determination Of The Maximum Explosion Pressure And The Maximum Rate Of Pressure Rise During Explosion Of Wood Dust Clouds

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 49 - 56

Abstract

Abstract

The article deals with the measurement of maximum explosion pressure and the maximum rate of exposure pressure rise of wood dust cloud. The measurements were carried out according to STN EN 14034-1+A1:2011 Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds. Part 1: Determination of the maximum explosion pressure pmax of dust clouds and the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise according to STN EN 14034-2+A1:2012 Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds - Part 2: Determination of the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise (dp/dt)max of dust clouds. The wood dust cloud in the chamber is achieved mechanically. The testing of explosions of wood dust clouds showed that the maximum value of the pressure was reached at the concentrations of 450 g / m3 and its value is 7.95 bar. The fastest increase of pressure was observed at the concentrations of 450 g / m3 and its value was 68 bar / s.

Keywords

  • wood dust clouds
  • explosion characteristics
  • maximum explosion pressure
  • maximum rate of explosion pressure rise
Open Access

Labelling Of Textile Products From The Perspective Of Quality, Maintenance, Safety And Environment

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 57 - 64

Abstract

Abstract

Fundamental right of all consumers is the availability of necessary information to protect their own health. Information should be obtained from the marks referred to the product which they come into contact with. Marks are integral parts of everyone's life. We can see various types of marks at home, in stores and everywhere around us. Symbols indicate to the consumer the importance assigned to them in an opinion system (labelling scheme).

Keywords

  • labelling
  • textiles
  • symbol
Open Access

The Study Of Metalworking Fluids Biodegradability By Indirect Measurement Of Bacterial Inoculum Respiration

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 65 - 75

Abstract

Abstract

An apparatus for measuring biodegradability of metalworking fluids (MWFs) was constructed according to (1), based on the Zahn-Wellens test which enables a continuous determination of CO2 production by the change in conductivity of absorption solution. Results obtained from the testing of 8 different MWFs by this modified method were compared to those obtained in standardized OECD 302 B. The comparison showed better description of bacterial inoculum activity in tested solution; lag phase was easy to indicate. Tested emulsion achieved the level of primary degradability 39.7 – 40.8 %, and semi-synthetics 19.1 – 43.5%. The samples of synthetics where the degradation level reached 43.9 - 58.6 % were identified as the most degradable metalworking fluids.

Keywords

  • biodegradability
  • Metalworking Fluids
  • Cutting Fluids
  • Carbon dioxide
  • CO
Open Access

The Study Into Potential Enhacement Of Metalworking Fluids Biodegradability By The Application Of O3/UV

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 77 - 85

Abstract

Abstract

The increase in mineralization and biodegradability of MWFs by ozone/ultraviolet in comparison with ozone were investigated. Studied were two similar synthetic fluids pre-treated by the combination of the O3/UV advanced oxidative method. Expectations that the pre-treatment could enhance biodegradability of the metalworking fluid were not confirmed. The combined oxidation process at the defined conditions resulted in 1-35 % decrease of the achieved primary degradation level. Samples were prepared from real concentrates and diluted to approximately 350 mg/L of TOC.

Keywords

  • biodegradability
  • Metalworking Fluids
  • AOP’s
  • Advanced oxidation processes
  • Ozone
  • UV-irradiation
Open Access

Cultivation Of Microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) For Biodiesel Production

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 87 - 95

Abstract

Abstract

Production of biofuel from renewable sources is considered to be one of the most sustainable alternatives to petroleum sourced fuels. Biofuels are also viable means of environmental and economic sustainability. Biofuels are divided into four generations, depending on the type of biomass used for biofuels production. At present, microalgae are presented as an ideal third generation biofuel feedstock because of their rapid growth rate. They also do not compete with food or feed crops, and can be produced on non-arable land. Cultivation conditions (temperature, pH, light, nutrient quantity and quality, salinity, aerating) are the major factors that influence photosynthesis activity and behaviour of the microalgae growth rate. In this paper, we present an overview about the effect of cultivation conditions on microalgae growth.

Keywords

  • microalgae
  • biofuels
  • cultivation conditions
  • growth rate
  • Chlorella vulgaris
  • Chlorella sp
Open Access

Characterisation Of Polysacharides And Lipids From Selected Green Algae Species By FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 97 - 102

Abstract

Abstract

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used in this study to identify and determine spectral features of Chromochloris zofingiensis (Dönz) Fucíková et L.A. Lewis (SAG 211-14, Gottingen, Germany), Acutodesmus obliguus (Turpin) Hegewald (SAG 276-1, Gottingen, Germany) and Chlorella sorokiniana (K. Brandt) Pröschold et Darienko (SAG 211-40c, Gottingen, Germany). Polysaccharides and lipids from these three algae species were determined using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) with ATR accessory with diamante crystal in spectral range from 400 – 4000 cm−1 and resolution 4.

Keywords

  • polysaccharides
  • lipids
  • algae
  • FTIR-ATR
  • Chromochloris zofingiensis
  • Acutodesmus obliguus
  • Chlorella sorokiniana
Open Access

Comprehensive Study Of Duckweed Cultivation And Growth Conditions Under Controlled Eutrophication

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 103 - 107

Abstract

Abstract

The paper discussed the issue of eutrophication. The most conspicuous effect of eutrophication is the creation of dense blooms of noxious, foul-smelling phytoplankton that reduce water clarity and harm water quality. Nutrient concentration, temperature and pH of the water largely influence the growth rate and composition of duckweed in general, but it can be said that the temperature and solar irradiation are the most important factors. In order to compare the rate of biomass increase of duckweed biomass in natural conditions and in a laboratory grown sample was analysed by spectrophotometric methods in UV/VIS region (Spectrophotometer GENESYSTM) for the selected nutrients such as ammonium, ammonium nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate.

Keywords

  • duckweed
  • Lemna minor
  • cultivation
  • eutrophication
  • pollution
Open Access

The Activation Energy Of Ignition Calculation For Materials Based On Plastics

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 109 - 115

Abstract

Abstract

This article deals with the activation energy of ignition calculation of plastics. Two types of polyamide 6 and one type of polypropylene and polyurethane were selected as samples. The samples were tested under isothermal conditions at several temperatures while times to ignition were observed. From the obtained data, activation energy relating to the moment of ignition was calculated for each plastics. The values for individual plastics were different. The highest activation energies (129.5 kJ.mol−1 and 106.2 kJ.mol−1) were achieved by polyamides 6, while the lowest was determined for a sample of polyurethane.

Keywords

  • activation energy
  • thermooxidation
  • polymers
  • plastics
Open Access

Voluntary Tools Of The Environmental Oriented Product Policy

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 117 - 124

Abstract

Abstract

Environmentally oriented product policy is in general determined by the relationships between its aims – subjects – objects - tools. It is based on the integrated approach to the product life cycle, which anticipates an enormous amount of information. It has to solve the questions of the international trade as well as the rules of the International Trade Organization. New forms of preventive environmental strategies and especially Green Marketing are being introduced helping to solve environmental problems and environmental motivation of producers. Many producers face great attention of the public regarding their approach to the environment. Despite the fact that the customers buy products fairly prudently and their behaviour is markedly affected by prices, a particular part of the population prefers the products that do not burden the environment. This brings about a situation, in which the producers within their mutual competition and in relation to customers are enforced to behave responsibly.

Keywords

  • environment
  • product
  • policy
  • ecolabelling
  • Life-Cycle Assessment
  • ecodesign
  • marketing
Open Access

Environmental And Quality Management System In The Context Of Sustainable Development

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 125 - 132

Abstract

Abstract

Growing load and deterioration of the environment can be interpreted as a result of some external effects interventions. While the positive externalities influence the positive productional and utilizational functions of other subjects, the negative externalities influence the negative ones. Both types of external effects can act as parcial or global externalities. Linking of environmental issues to economy and finance is an important sphere.

Keywords

  • environment
  • quality
  • management
Open Access

Integrated Management System – Scope, Possibilities And Methodology

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 135 - 140

Abstract

Abstract

Organizations are becoming more aware of the importance of integrated management systems (IMS). Interest in this subject indicates that IMS are seen as “management systems of the future”. Based on this, the aim of this articles characterizes the possibility of building IMS through the identification of common elements and specific requirements in accordance with the ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 professional references. Part of the article is the methodology of building IMS in the organization.

Keywords

  • Integrated management system
  • Management systems: ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18001
Open Access

CSI Index Of Customer’s Satisfaction Applied In The Area Of Public Transport

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 141 - 150

Abstract

Abstract

In Western countries, the new visions are applied in quality control for an integrated public transport system. Public transport puts the customer at the centre of our decision making in achieving customer satisfaction with provided service. Sustainable surveys are kept among customers. A lot of companies are collecting huge databases containing over 30,000 voices of customers, which demonstrates the current satisfaction levels across the public transport service. Customer satisfaction with a provided service is a difficult task. In this service, the quality criteria are not clearly defined, and it is therefore difficult to define customer satisfaction. The paper introduces a possibility of CSI index application in conditions of the Slovak Republic transport area.

Keywords

  • quality
  • CSI
  • public transport
  • customer satisfaction
  • provided service
  • quality criteria
  • integrated public transport
Open Access

The FTA Method And A Possibility Of Its Application In The Area Of Road Freight Transport

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 151 - 158

Abstract

Abstract

The Fault Tree process utilizes logic diagrams to portray and analyse potentially hazardous events. Three basic symbols (logic gates) are adequate for diagramming any fault tree. However, additional recently developed symbols can be used to reduce the time and effort required for analysis. A fault tree is a graphical representation of the relationship between certain specific events and the ultimate undesired event (2). This paper deals to method of Fault Tree Analysis basic description and provides a practical view on possibility of application by quality improvement in road freight transport company.

Keywords

  • Fault Tree Analysis
  • fault tree
  • quality
  • transport service
  • quality improvement
  • logic gate
Open Access

Analysis Of Provided Service Quality In Flowers And Living Plants Transport

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 159 - 166

Abstract

Abstract

This paper analyses quality of the living flowers and plants transportation. A part of this paper compares the demands for a particular transport mode and a practical demonstration of these transport modes within a specific transport mode. The paper presents a survey of quality of services provided by individual transport modes.

Keywords

  • flowers
  • living plants
  • flowers and living plants transport
  • CITES
  • phytoinspection
Open Access

Selected Aspects Of The Risk In The Supply Chain In Context Of The Supplier Quality Management

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 167 - 178

Abstract

Abstract

The introductory part of the paper underlines the importance of "Risk-based thinking" in the Quality Management System (QMS) and risk in the supply chain, as a principle part of the QMS. After introducing the key terms, the authors focused on the principle part of the article - explanation of the external and internal supply chain risks and the main factors concerning the supply risks, demand risks and environmental risks (as cardinal types of external supply chain risks) as well as the manufacturing and process risks, network/planning and control risks (as most important types of internal supply chain risks). The authors inform on the selected supply chain risk management tools, especially on those which are linked to the appropriate utilization of quality management tools.

Keywords

  • risk
  • risk management
  • supplier
  • supply chain risk
  • quality
  • quality management
Open Access

Experience Of Implementing The Integrated Management System In Manufacturing Companies In Slovakia

Published Online: 01 Sep 2015
Page range: 179 - 186

Abstract

Abstract

In corporate practice, the term of Integrated Management System means a system the aim of which is to manage an organization regarding the quality, environment, health and safety at work. In the first phase of the VEGA project No. 1/0448/13 “Transformation of ergonomics program into the company management structure through interaction and utilization QMS, EMS, HSMS”, we focused on obtaining information about the way or procedure of implementing the integrated management systems in manufacturing companies in Slovakia. The paper considers characteristics of integrated management system, specifies the possibilities for successive integration of the management systems and also describes the essential aspects of the practical implementation of integrated management systems in companies in Slovakia.

Keywords

  • Integrated Management Systems (IMS)
  • Integration of Management Systems
  • Quality Management System (QMS)
  • Continuous Improvement
  • Sustainability