- Journal Details
- Format
- Journal
- eISSN
- 2719-9509
- First Published
- 01 Jan 1992
- Publication timeframe
- 4 times per year
- Languages
- English
Search
- Open Access
The Correlation Between Cigarette Pressure Drop and Moisture Content - Die Abhängigkeit des Zugwiderstandes von der Feuchtigkeit bei Cigaretten
Page range: 51 - 58
Abstract
Empirical experimental measurements show the relationship existing between pressure drop R and humidity F (referring to dry weight) of the cigarette to be as follows:
- Open Access
The Design of an Automated Syringe-Type Smoking Machine
Page range: 59 - 64
Abstract
An automated smoking machine, and improved associated equipment, has been described. The automatic portion consists of a "string cut-off" technique which instantly and accurately stops the puffing action on cigarettes. This is achieved by an electronic sequence that deactivates three-way solenoid valves and vents the smoking train to the air at the syringe. Solenoid deactivation is achieved through the use of microswitches and relays. An automatic puff-counting unit records the number of puffs taken on the cigarettes on each port. The counters are pulsed by a signal generator set for 5 pulses per second. The generator is activated by a 2-second cam and microswitch attached to the 4-second cam that cycles the smoking machine. Constant puff volume and puff duration are maintained by use of individual syringe eccentric cams that allow precise volume adjustment on each port and solenoid valves that serve as intake and exhaust valves and provide positive action. The solenoid valves are activated by the 2-second cam and microswitch that is synchronized with the puffing downstroke of the syringe. The 2.0 AA± 0.2-second puff is precisely obtained through the machine's variable speed controlled gear driven electric motor. This feature yields a stable volume and duration regardless of the resistance of the cigarettes. The level of precision obtained previously on the O'Keeffe and Lieser machine was reduced by one-third by the automation developments described in this paper.
- Open Access
A Contribution to the Analysis of Smoke Condensate and Smoke Condensate Fractions - Beitrag zur Analytik von Rauchkondensat und Kondensatfraktionen
Page range: 65 - 68
Abstract
A chromatographic procedure for the separation of smoke condensate or smoke condensate fractions into groups of unpolar or little polar, polar, and heavily polar components is described and is shown to offer a possibility of estimating the mode of action of fractionation mechanisms as well as of comparing different fractionation processes. Experiments carried out on defined substances were found to give some information about the adherence of individual classes of compounds to the said groups. The chromatographically obtained fractions were characterized through their infra-red spectra.
- Open Access
Evaluation of Dicyclohexyl and the n-Alkanes C12 to C15 in Tobacco - Über das Vorkommen des Dicyclohexyls und der n-Alkane C12 bis C15 im Tabak
Page range: 69 - 70
Abstract
Dicyclohexyl, n-dodecane, n-tridecane, n-tetradecane, and n-pentadecane were identified in bright tobacco by means of gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry.
- Open Access
Comparison of Different Instruments for the Determination of the Diameter of Cigarettes - Vergleich verschiedener Geräte zur Bestimmung des Cigarettendurchmessers
Page range: 71 - 77
Abstract
Three instruments usually employed for the determination of the diameter of cigarettes, i.e. a nonius instrument, a pneumatic instrument, and a circumference projector, are compared with an optical device developed in the author's laboratory. The latter enables the mean diameter of a cigarette to be determined over a length of 10 mm with an accuracy of AA± 0.0015 mm. With regard to cigarette manufacture, the differences of the results obtained for both cigarettes and filter rods by application of the optical device, of the nonius instrument, and of the pneumatic instrument, respectively, were found to be negligible. The diameter values obtained by means of the projecting apparatus were, however, shown to be too small by one paper thickness.
- Open Access
The Toxicity of Tobacco Smoke Solutions to Proteus Vulgaris
Page range: 78 - 83
Abstract
The toxicity of various smoke solutions was evaluated by studying their effects on the growth rate of Proteus vulgaris. The particulate phase of smoke was shown to be inactive, a finding which was in agreement with the low toxicity observed with phenol and nicotine solutions. Tobacco smoke passed through recess filters containing either 25, 50, 75, 100 or 150 mg of carbon showed a progressive decrease in toxicity as the amount of carbon was increased. Pure compounds were evaluated in amounts similar to those found in tobacco smoke. Acetaldehyde exhibited low activity, cyanide ion moderate activity whilst acrolein was shown to be highly toxic. A rapid and reproducible bioassay method is described.