<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>This paper investigates Maritime trade and economic development: A granger causality and Bound test approach. Most scholars believe that maritime trade openness will transform economy into a developed nation while some disagree. The main objective of this research is to examine the relationship between maritime trade and economic development; specifically, to ascertain whether maritime trade granger-causes economic development; and to determine whether there is a co-integration between maritime trade and economic development. The study used secondary data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria and the United Nations development Programme, and tested the effect of independent variables on a dependent variable. The variables were tested using Stationarity, heteroskedasticity, Ramsey reset, granger-causality and ARDL Bounds test at the 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that maritime trade proxy by trade openness had a significant effect on economic development captured by HDI and the ARDL Bound test showed a significant effect of trade openness on economic development. The study concludes that maritime trade granger-causes economic development with a Bi-directional causal relationship and significant co-integration exists between them; and recommends among others the provision of conducive environment and cheap funding by the government to encourage the growth of maritime trade.</abstract>

Maritime Trade and Economic Development: A Granger Causality and Bound Test Approach.

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The Study examined Port Revenue Performance and Economic Growth: The Nigerian Ports Authority Experience, 2010 to 2019. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of Port Revenue Performance on Nigeria's economic growth by critically evaluating the Nigerian Ports Authority Performance. The neoclassical growth theory was employed in the study and the Nigeria Ports Authority was chosen as its sample, covering the period from 2010 to 2019. The study used secondary time series data sourced from the Nigeria Ports Authority and the National Bureau of Statistics and used the ordinary least square regression and the Engle-Granger co-integration to test the variables at the 5% level of significance. The findings showed that total revenue to gross registered tonnage had positive and significant effect on economic growth while operating surplus to operating revenue showed a negative but significant effect and operating surplus to cargo throughput showed insignificant effect; there was no co-integration between the variables. The study concludes that Port revenue performance affects economic growth in the short-run only, and it recommends amongst others that policy makers should formulate appropriate and implementable regulatory framework that will address infrastructural deficits at the ports and stimulate increased utilization by major foreign vessel companies.</abstract>

Port Revenue Performance and Economic Growth: The Nigerian Ports Authority Experience, 2010-2019

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The operation of inventory management determines the efficiency of storage of products. The progress in techniques and management principles improves the moving load, delivery speed, service quality, operation costs, the usage of facilities and energy saving. Inventory management takes a crucial part in the manipulation of logistics. Reviewing the current condition, a strong system needs a clear frame of logistics and a proper inventory implements and techniques to link the producing procedures. The objective of the paper is to define the role of inventory management in logistics for the reference of further improvement. The research was undertaken to assist logistics managers, researchers and inventory planners to define and comprehend the basic views of logistics and its various applications and the relationships between logistics and inventory.</abstract>

Evaluation of the Role of Inventory Management in Logistics Chain of an Organisation

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The objective of the study presented in this article is to examine the relationship between external debt (EXDT), external reserves (EXRS), total debt service costs (TDS) and Nigeria’s economic growth (RGDP) and how these variables impact on the Nigerian transport economy employing profligacy theory. The study used secondary data for Nigeria for the period 1979 to 2019 obtained from the International Debt Office (WBG). The econometric techniques used include OLS, Granger causality and Engle-Granger cointegration at a 0.05 confidence level. The results show that EXDT has a statistically significant negative relationship with EXRS, with no statistically significant relationship existing with RGDP and TDS in the short term. All the variables showed significant cointegration over the long term, with the conclusion that the relationship between EXRS and EXDT is negatively significant in the short term, while the other variables are insignificant. The recommendations of the study include, that the government and monetary authorities should endeavour to reduce the creation of foreign debt for nonreproductive projects in key sectors due to its adverse effect on external reserves, and instead pursue aid, grants and domestic long-term loan options necessary for effective growth of the transport and other key sectors of the economy.
</abstract>

External Debt, External Reserves, Debt Service Costs and Economic Growth: Implications for the Nigerian Transport Sector

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Efficient traffic survey analysis is a catalyst for achieving an efficient and advanced transport planning and sustainable urban development. Unfortunately, the obvious decline in the traffic survey on Nigerian urban roads has left the road transport system to be handicap of traffic data, quality service deliveries and characterized by traffic-related quagmires with devastating socio-economic consequences including congestion, crime and crash incidences. This paper examined traffic survey analysis on major highways in Ogun State, Nigeria using manual traffic count method for estimation of traffic volume and flow pattern. The traffic data gathered were presented and analyzed using descriptive and inferential (ANOVA and Student ‘t’ test) techniques to determine variations in vehicular traffic volume and flow situation (inbound and outbound). Findings revealed that Car/SUV is the most dominant traffic relative to others. Meanwhile, ANOVA results show significant variation in traffic volume on the selected highways (p. value &lt; 0.05), while, the Student ‘t’ test shows no significant difference between traffic inbound and outbound. Findings also revealed that the physical condition of the highways is relatively poor. Based on these findings, the study recommended improvement measures and strategies to curtail traffic-related issues towards achieving efficient, safe, and quality road transport planning in Nigeria.</abstract>

Traffic Survey Analysis: Implications for Road Transport Planning In Nigeria

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The continuous increase in e-commerce shipping is causing a critical amount of transport packaging waste. The aim of this paper is a comprehensive presentation of different types of innovations for sustainable transport packaging. Within the paper, classification and evaluation of 37 sustainable packaging solutions are presented, including customized on-demand packaging, alternative materials and closed-loop systems. A multi-criteria evaluation scheme covering a wide range of economic, ecological, operational and social indicators was used to assess the feasibility of the packaging options in different cases. Depending on the degree of innovation and implementation risk, packaging options are proposed as a “Quick Win”, “Go Green” or “Thought Leadership” solution. In the conclusion chapter of this paper, recommendations are made for three different use cases, namely grocery, fashion and textiles and electronic goods.
</abstract>

Sustainable Transport Packaging: Evaluation and Feasibility for Different Use Cases

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This article’s main subjects are the theoretical underpinnings of a steam locomotive’s conceptual layout, engineering design, and calculations, which will be necessary when making a working model of the locomotive. A steam locomotive is a locomotive that uses steam as its power source and steam engines as its engine. The design of the main components of a steam locomotive, including the steam boiler, the steam engine, and the locomotive underframe, has been discussed in this article. To better understand these issues, the article also includes the design of a steam locomotive model created using the CATIA V5 program and the calculation of main components. Calculations of the main parameters of a connecting rod are performed. There are calculated forces efficiency, pressure and power. These parameters are very important for the proper design of the miniature locomotive model. Additionally, the steam boiler is analyzed by means of the finite element method. The analysis has shown that the boiler structure is able to withstand the steam pressure during the locomotive operation.
</abstract>

A Steam Locomotive Miniature Model Design

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Although optimization of Vessel Turnaround Time (VTT) is a well-known research problem and its importance has long been understood, research on dry bulk carriers VTT has no priority in the available literature. It is one of the initial motives of the author to write this paper. After a general theoretical introduction, this paper presents research on dry bulk carriers’ loading time, as a component with the dominant share in the total VTT. Through the research, a mathematical model of interdependencies between dry bulk carrier‘s loading time and selected independent variables is defined using a multiple linear regression model. Results of statistical significance tests confirmed that the best-fit regression model is the one which adequately describes the correlation between the dry bulk carrier‘s loading time and the following independent variables: cargo quantity (loaded), number of used cranes per vessel and loading process interruptions. The presented results establish important bases for the author’s further research in this field as well as reliable planning bases for cargo handling management processes at dry bulk cargo terminals where cargo loading/unloading to/from vessels is realized by gantry cranes and/or mobile harbour cranes.
</abstract>

A Regression Model of Dry Bulk Carriers’ Loading Time

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The objective of the paper is to determine the relationship between a vehicle price and its safety ratings in the Czech Republic for vehicles sold and newly registered in the year 2022. The data collection was performed using content analysis. It was found that in 2022, Škoda Auto vehicles accounted for more than 35 % of all newly registered vehicles in the Czech Republic. The evaluation of vehicle safety was performed on the basis of results published on the EuroNCAP server. The findings were used as a basis for performing cluster analysis and correlation analysis of the data obtained. The analysis shows that even though safety plays an important role in the automotive industry, vehicle price is not a decisive factor in achieving higher safety ratings. The findings of this paper have a significant impact on consumers and automotive, showing that the price difference between vehicles does not necessarily correlate with different levels of safety. The limitation of this paper is its focus on the Czech Republic only, which may influence the generalization of the results to other markets.
</abstract>

Relationship Between Vehicle Price and its Safety Ratings

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Construction of elevated metro line leads to a reduction in the average speed of vehicles due to congestions, diversions, and road incidents. This reduction in speed depends on recurring (e.g., congestion in rush hours) and non-recurring (e.g., road accidents) delay factors. Non-recurring factors involve incidents such as accidental bus stops, pedestrian crossings, or clearing debris from road, etc., some of which may occur at very short notice. This research paper presents a case study of Pune Metro Rail Construction (Corridor II) in India for developing an empirical equation to estimate corridor speed of vehicles in metro construction work zone. Observations were recorded in spatial and temporal zones using floating car method through video recordings and traffic count using manual method. Based on the traffic behavior pattern, five non-recurring delay factors (NRDFs) were defined, namely vehicles in lateral entry, slow moving vehicles, vehicles in the wrong direction, on-street parked vehicles, pedestrian interference and their correlation with speed of vehicles was tested. It was concluded that these factors have a strong negative correlation with the speed of the test vehicle. To estimate corridor speed with given NRDFs, nonlinear equation was formulated using empirical evidence and validated using larger simulated data.
</abstract>

Development of Empirical Equation to Estimate Corridor Speed of Vehicles in Metro Construction Work Zone

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This article focuses on the evaluation of the importance of passenger rail transport for transport services in peripheral areas. The term peripheral area is defined, and the different types of peripheral areas and their characteristics are listed. Based on the analysis of these areas in the Czech Republic, the authors generally divide passenger rail transport services in peripheral areas into three categories according to the route of the railway line within the peripheral areas and towards the centre. The authors set out the most important criteria to assess the importance of individual line categories for transport services in peripheral areas. Based on the SWOT analysis and using the TOWS matrix, specific strategies and proposals are presented to address passenger rail services in the peripheral area. The aim of this article is to evaluate the importance of rail transport in peripheral areas using the criteria selected by the authors.
</abstract>

The Importance of Rail Transport for Transport Services in Peripheral Areas

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a method employed in area-based developments to address civic mobility, automation, inequality, community, equality, and climate change in metropolises. This research paper utilizes a comparative analysis of various published papers to create a cohesive analytical study. The main goal is to identify critical parameters that contribute to the success of TOD. It examines highly successful global examples of TOD, including Hong Kong, Singapore, London, Shenzhen, México, and Washington D.C., to understand how the aforementioned parameters impact TOD development and its achievements. Indian cities are making substantial investments in public transportation and transitioning into transit hubs. The success of this progress depends on implementing TOD regulations, such as zoning rules for mixed-land use, density control, limited parking, PPP finance, and fostering collaboration between public and private agencies near transit stations. In conclusion, while planning frameworks have been widely adopted and implemented by various countries, financial frameworks play a more pivotal role in influencing success, making TOD more practically viable worldwide.
</abstract>

Transit-Oriented Development: Learnings from Global Examples

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The article presents the general characteristics of road transport safety in Poland over the years 2009-2019. The key objective of this study was to investigate the main factors of road accidents in Poland. Up till now, the number of road accidents has been analysed in detail on the basis of data on collisions from rear, side and frontal perspective. Moreover, in the article, statistics regarding the number of perpetrators of accidents by gender and age are summarized, as well as dynamics aspects of changes related to new passenger vehicles and trucks in Poland in 2009-2019 are indicated. As a result, the intensity of rear collisions rather than frontal collisions is apparent. Hence, an inconspicuous rear collision by not braking a speeding vehicle carries a risk of the upper cervical spine.</abstract>

Analysis of the Causes of Vehicle Accidents in Poland in 2009-2019

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Optimisation and stimulation of production, digital business, the fourth industrial revolution - this is how the current global economy is perceived. Continuous development of new information and communication technologies, economic globalisation, integration of financial markets, growing pressure on boosting higher added value, just as well as the ever- increasing differentiation of demand schemes became a challenge for the global economy. The article elaborates on the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the logistics, logistic chains as well as use of the Industry 4.0 in logistics. The article includes a new definition of logistics due to the Industry 4.0, which extends the basic production factors by a new term - „information“.</abstract>

The Position of Industry 4.0 in the Worldwide Logistics Chains

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The European Union is the first and only region worldwide where passengers have comprehensive and integrated fundamental rights on all modes of transport. The rights are based on the principles of non-discrimination, accurate, timely and accessible information as well as prompt and adequate assistance. There is also a specific code of transport regulating conditions under which a carrier transports persons, baggage, animals and goods on the rail network. The actual creation of such transport regulations should follow from a certain methodology. Thus, the paper´s objective is to propose methodical procedures that would be related to a set of regulations in railway passenger transport. The manual proposed will respect relevant legislation, which determines minimum requirements for developing transport regulations, and obligations of carriers as well. As the code of transport is part of public proposals for concluding transport contracts of the carriage of passengers, the methodical manual will contribute to making regulations in passenger transport to be better suited to practical requirements. In general, it may be argued that the manual will ensure establishing transport regulations which will be concise, clear, comprehensible, and which, in particular, will comply with the legislation and requirements of the transport service ordering party. It should therefore contain certain points to be followed when developing transport rules.</abstract>

Methodical Manual for a Set of Transport Regulations in Railway Passenger Transport

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>This paper presents the individual parameters of the selected railway corridors in the selected country. Particularly, it describes the specific features of selected corridors in this country, summarizes their capacity, as well as proposes the methodology in order to specify the capacity of given railway section. The outcome is represented by the calculation of the appropriate railway section capacity implemented on the particular railway corridor in the selected EU country.</abstract>

Draft Methodology to Specify the Railway Sections Capacity

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the railway sector experienced a significant worldwide decrease in the number of passengers due to the reduced transportation capacity of trains introduced for limiting social contacts and passengers fears from the disease. The reduction in population mobility resulting from national anti-pandemic measures led to the fact that carriers in the Slovak Republic began to optimize and limit the rail transport performance. Several measures were also implemented to reduce the risk of the spread of the COVID-19 disease so that passengers feel safe while traveling by train. Globally, we are entering the third year of coronavirus, and the pandemic is expected to continue even this year. For this reason, forecasting passenger demand for rail transport is becoming increasingly important and it is necessary to take measures in public passenger transport that will consider the reduced mobility due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper deals with the proposal of a methodology for planning transport services on selected regional railway lines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
</abstract>

Draft of Public Rail Passenger Transport During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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