- Détails du magazine
- Format
- Magazine
- eISSN
- 2719-9509
- Première publication
- 01 Jan 1992
- Période de publication
- 4 fois par an
- Langues
- Anglais
Chercher
- Accès libre
Alkaloid Composition of the Nicotiana Species
Pages: 327 - 339
Résumé
Plants from 64
- Accès libre
Practical Modeling of Filter Filtration Efficiency
Pages: 341 - 352
Résumé
A simple and general mathematical model has been developed to calculate filter-filtration efficiency, which is based on practical design parameters: pressure drop, filter dimension, flow rate, and filament denier. This model has been verified by examining published experimental data, which include a broad range of design parameters. This model surpasses other models currently described in the literature in terms of accuracy. The drag force of the filter (which is accounted for by the pressure drop times the circumference squared, DP • C2) appears to be the most important contribution to filter-filtration efficiency, but its contribution can be drastically reduced by varying design parameters.
- Accès libre
A Review of the Uses of Nuclear Radiation in Tobacco and Smoke Research
Pages: 353 - 378
Résumé
In summary, nuclear radiation has been widely used to elucidate many aspects of the mechanisms of tobacco being converted to smoke. In addition, the mechanisms of smoke transfer, tobacco inorganic chemistry and smoke filtration have been clarified by many authors worldwide. The newer techniques now being developed, using radiation detection coupled with the enhanced use of electronic-data reduction and interpretation, promise to continue the important role these techniques have played in understanding smoke-formation mechanisms.
- Accès libre
Effect of Exogenous Potassium on the Reduction in Tar, Nicotine and Carbon Monoxide Deliveries in the Mainstream Smoke of Cigarettes
Pages: 379 - 385
Résumé
Deliveries of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide in mainstream smoke decreased as the exogenous-potassium content of tobacco increased. The puff count was almost unchanged with added potassium malate, but slightly decreased with added nitrate. Potassium malate was more effective than the nitrate for the reduction of carbon monoxide, whereas the opposite was observed in the case of nicotine. Both the exogenous and the endogenous potassium contents influenced the reduction of carbon-monoxide delivery through a decrease in the peak temperature of the burning cone. The pungency and off-taste peculiar to the tobacco were eliminated to some extent by the addition of potassium malate at levels less than 2 % expressed as potassium.
- Accès libre
The Fate of Chlorpyrifos on Tobacco during Smoking
Pages: 387 - 391
Résumé
Cigarettes made from flue-cured tobacco, treated with different amounts of chlorpyrifos, were smoked according to Federal Trade Commission specifications, and the chlorpyrifos levels in the butts, various ashes, and mainstream and sidestream smokes were determined. Of all the chlorpyrifos in a cigarette, 28 % to 29.5 % was left in the butts, 13.5 % to 15 % and 2.0 % to 4.6 % were transferred into mainstream and sidestream smokes, respectively, and about 52 % to 55 % was either combusted or decomposed into unknown fragments. The various ashes did not show any detectable amount of chlorpyrifos.
- Accès libre
Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins and Dibenzofurans in Cigarette Smoke - Polychlordibenzodioxine und Polychlordibenzofurane in Cigarettenrauch
Pages: 393 - 402
Résumé
The paper describes a method for the determination of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and -furans both in gas phase and in particulate matter of cigarette smoke. This method was used for analysing the concentrations of all relevant polychlorinated dibenzofurans in the smoke of the ten best-selling German cigarette brands. The distribution of the various tetra-octachlordibenzodioxin isomers was similar to that obtained after combustion. None of the cigarettes investigated was found to contain 2,3,7,8-tetrachlordibenzodioxin. The total values expressed as TCDD toxic equivalent values are low, ranging from 0.05 to 0.17 pg/cig. These results are compared with the data reported in the literature to date. Regarding uptake of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and -furans, cigarette smoke is only a source of minor importance as compared to nutrition.