Volume 13 (2013): Edition 1 (March 2013)

In this article, the possibility of new objective evaluation of yarn appearance in area employing selected spatial statistical functions is presented. The yarns wound on the boards were used for the experiment. Appearance of standard yarn boards from the standard CSN 80 0704 and real yarn boards with faultless and faulty yarns were converted into grayscale images. Fluctuation in degrees of grayness was evaluated between square fields in the image using statistical function called the area variation curve. In addition, the method was applied to the simulated yarn board appearance generated by the Uster Tester apparatus. Behavior of area variation curves in dependence on the result of visual evaluation of yarn board appearance was discussed. The generated appearances from the Uster Tester device were also evaluated by other statistical function called semivariogram. It was found out that the area variation curve is not a suitable tool for evaluation of yarn board appearance. The semivariogram seems to be a more suitable tool. The paper extends the knowledge on the issue of objective evaluation of yarn appearance and directly follows the author’s work [1].

Fabric properties and fabric structure prediction are important in each industry domain. Generally all professional CAD packages for woven textiles system will be able to achieve basic fabric simulation and production output. A good CAD system should enable you to create design (dobby and jacquard woven fabric) ideas quickly and easily to enhance the way you work. The differences among competing systems fall mainly into the following categories: ease of use; speed of operation; flexibility of operation; advanced features; technical support; and ongoing software development. Computer simulation or prediction is oriented on standard woven fabrics, technical textiles, and composites. This article focuses on the presentation of software ProTkaTex and its use in the prediction of woven fabric properties. The software implements a generalized description of the internal structure of woven fabric on the unit cell level, integrated with mathematical models of the fabric relaxed state. User can calculate selected mechanical and end-use properties of dobby and jacquard woven fabric as well as can evaluate fabric behavior before real weaving. The major challenge is to develop software that industry will use in design centers for creation and development of new fabric structures for technical as well as clothing application.

The article focuses on a new approach for characterization and evaluation of lateral yarn deformation. A small review about theoretical description and measurement possibilities will be introduced. The evaluation of yarn compression will be done by three innovative methods (lateral deformation of yarn between two parallel plates, simulation of binding point of fabric, cross-sectional analysis of real fabric). The analysis of yarn deformation will be carried out for a set of samples in combination of fiber material, yarn count and given fabric structure.

There exist a lot of methodologies, which can be used for yarn quality testing. Abrasion resistance and its measurement for raw and sized yarn can help in the judgment of yarn weaving-ability. This article concentrates on the possibility of yarn abrasion expression and testing. Relation among fiber material characteristics, selected yarn structural, and mechanical parameters is discussed and a few experimental results are shown.

This study is a short analysis of the use of computer microphotography in fiber migration testing as a modern nondestructive testing method. Microtomography operates similarly to X-ray computed tomography systems used in medicine, but with much better resolution owing to the use of a smaller radiation spot. The internal structure is reconstructed as a series of two-dimensional cross-sections that are then used to create 2D and 3D morphological objects. This process is non-destructive and does not require special preparation of a testing material.