<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
For more than fifty years the place and role of women in Algeria have undergone profound changes. The political changes of the 1990s consolidated and strengthened the existing gains, in a new dynamic of women’s rights. All the institutional arrangements put in place and the action programs implemented since the beginning of the 2000s have resulted in significant changes in the situation of women, both in the field of education, health and living conditions and in participation in economic and public life. Aware that education favors the integration of women into active life, the enrolment of girls in school appears to be the main factor behind this progress and is the powerful means that has had a positive influence on the development of women’s advancement. It should also be noted that, since independence, women have gradually entered all fields of study, particularly scientific and technological ones. In higher education, the female student presence is globally dominant, with girls representing more than 60% of enrolments over several consecutive years. In addition, the labour code has enshrined non-discrimination and eliminated inequalities in all sectors since independence. The methodological tools of the research are the description by statistical tools, in order to describe and explain phenomena through historical data in the form of measurable variables. The results of the analysis show that this process of schooling and access to employment, for both boys and girls, is undoubtedly bringing about social change in Algerian society. The gap between male and female activity has been slowly narrowing in recent years. Moreover, these changes in female employment and in participation in economic activity have not kept pace with the rise in women’s level of education. Indeed, despite all these significant changes, the labour market still shows a strong gender division. Statistics on the gender and occupational distribution of the labour force show that women are concentrated in activities that are an extension of their status as mothers and wives, such as education, health, and services (administration). This article will highlight the main indicators of the evolution of Algerian women with regard to the public policies initiated by the state, which have allowed for a slow but present social change. This process of schooling and access to employment, for both boys and girls, is undoubtedly bringing about social change in Algerian society. The gap between male and female activity has been slowly narrowing in recent years. Moreover, these changes in female employment and in participation in economic activity have not kept pace with the rise in women’s level of education. Indeed, despite all these significant changes, the labour market still shows a strong gender division. Statistics on the gender and occupational distribution of the labour force show that women are concentrated in activities that are an extension of their status as mothers and wives, such as education, health, and services (administration). This article will highlight the main indicators of the evolution of Algerian women about the public policies initiated by the state, which have led to a social change that is certainly slow but very present.
</abstract>

Status of Algerian Women: Between Public Policies and Social Practices

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Over the last decade, much research has been conducted in the field of human resource management (HRM) and its associations with organizational performance. Prior studies have found substantial positive evidence for statistical associations between HRM and organizational performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between HRM practices and firm performance. This study examines the relationships among HRM practices and firm performance. The researcher adopted the descriptive survey design. Primary data was sourced through the instrument of questionnaire. The total of 13 department which comprises of 305 employees which the sample size needed to carry out our survey was 75 in order to achieve 90% precision from the sample. The research study is drawn scientifically using the stratified random sampling technique. The findings revealed among others HRM has a great impact on organizational performance and the conclusion is a stimulus to Nigeria breweries through a well-coordinated HRM practices, value added to company’s production processes and the contribution made by each employee have more effect on the results obtained by the organisation. This finding leads to the conclusion that HRM can bring about a higher organisational performance for firm. The researcher recommended among others that HRM should endeavor to have a well-structured effective organizational performance in order to achieve the set up objectives and in order to improve employees efficiency and effectiveness towards achieving the organisational goals, the appraisal period should be more frequent probably every quarterly and various motivational instrument should be introduce to entice employees to perform better and these would go a long way in fostering an understanding of multicultural work climate and enhancing the building of a truly agile Nigeria breweries, Kaduna.
</abstract>

Impact of Human Resource Management on Organizational Performance in Nigeria: Nigeria Breweries Kaduna PLC as a Case Study

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The tourism industry has become an important sector that has a substantial influence on the development of a country’s economy. One of the most significant benefits of tourism includes the construction and improvement of local infrastructure. Tremendous opportunities waits for Bangladesh as she has potentials to attract both local and global tourists. However, tourism and destination marketers should utilize different marketing tactics to content and retain existing customers, encourage new and prospective ones. The research was to examine the impact of destination familiarity, destination image, safety and security, travel motivation, social media and reference groups on tourists’ destination choice in the contexts of Bangladesh. The research design of this study was descriptive. The study was used purposive sampling method. Primary and secondary data both were used. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire by survey method from 256 Bangladeshi tourists visiting to tourism destination using a five-point Likert scale. Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 25.0 version software was used for analysis the data. It was analysed using descriptive statistics analysis, multicollinearity test, reliability analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results of the regression analysis revealed that all aspects except travel motivation had a significant and positive influence on destination choice in Bangladesh. Therefore, it is recommended that the research creates awareness among prospective tourists, investigators, academicians, government authorities, tourism businesses, politicians and all the stakeholders. Hence, the research will be aided destination choice advance along with tourism destination products offer to prospect tourists in Bangladesh.
</abstract>

An Examination of Factors Affecting Tourists’ Destination Choice: Empirical Evidence From Bangladesh

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Since the founding of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation in 2004, this institution has been actively involved in large-scale international cultural relations. The purpose of creating this fund was to preserve and popularize the legacy of the national leader of the Azerbaijani people, Heydar Aliyev, to convey the truth about Azerbaijan to the world community, and to familiarize with its history, culture, and spiritual values. The purpose of this article is to determine the stages of formation and development of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation, to analyze the directions of its multi-vector activity and to justify the role of the Foundation in forming a positive image of independent Azerbaijan. Along with general logical methods, the methods of political monitoring, content analysis, historical and comparative analysis are used, which make it possible to highlight the complex of activities carried out by the Fund and to forecast the trends of its further activity. Since the foundation of the Foundation, important projects have been developed and successfully implemented to protect the welfare of the Azerbaijani people, protect their national heritage and moral values. The Heydar Aliyev Foundation, paying special attention to the expansion of cooperation with Islamic countries in the field of science and culture, ensured the achievement of the highest level of development of relations between Azerbaijan and the Islamic Organization for Education, Science and Culture. The Heydar Aliyev Foundation paid serious attention to the expansion of cooperation within the framework of the UN, which resulted in the adoption of the Program on creating conditions for the use of information and communication technologies by people with visual impairments. According to the results of the research, it was established that the Heydar Aliyev Foundation, in cooperation with the government, parliament and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, plays the role of one of the effective means of implementing the foreign policy, social, humanitarian, political, economic and cultural strategy of Azerbaijan. The Foundation was able to form a positive image of Azerbaijan on an international scale, establishing constructive cooperation in all spheres, both with individual states and with influential international and regional organizations.
</abstract>

The Formation and Stages of Development of Interstate Activities of the Heydar Aliyev Foundation

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
<underline>Purpose.</underline> Microblogging sites are being used by people across the globe to share their opinions and to express sentiments for everything in real time. Through social listening, companies analyse the sentiments to assess the way forward, and the researchers use it to analyse the trend or an event and give forward-looking recommendations. The objective of the paper is to analyse the sentiments of people relating to Paytm IPO which can be used to predict the way forward.
<underline>Design/methodology/approach</underline>. The study attempts sentiment analysis. For this purpose, QSR NVIVO 12, the qualitative analysis tool was used to retrieve the tweets from the Twitter website. NCapture was installed for this purpose. Post data cleaning, stemming, query augmentation and classification, the Twitter data was analysed.
<underline>Findings</underline>. The sentiments around the IPO of Paytm have been negative and sarcastic. The extremely negative tweets were near twice the number of extremely positive tweets.
<underline>Practical implication</underline>. The study can help an investor in evaluating the investment that they might be planning in the given company. For the company, whose IPO is being considered, an analysis of the sentiments around the IPO can help in taking corrective measures, if the sentiment is negative, towards reputation building.
<underline>Originality/value</underline>. The study is an original contribution to the extant literature in the field of sentiment analysis.
</abstract>

Social Listening Through Sentiment Analysis of Twitter Data: A Case Study of Paytm IPO

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
One of the key challenges for businesses during the Covid-19 pandemic has been to maintain financial sustainability despite the public crisis and consumer demand shocks. While some companies have managed to digitize and cope with the new realities, others have not. This will determine the future of companies and the direction of anti-crisis tools in management strategies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the use of digitalization as an anti-crisis tool among Azerbaijani businesses during the Covid-19 outbreak. The data set is based on voluntary survey data gathered from key businesses of the Azerbaijan economy. Our analysis applied k-means clustering, the related-samples Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and the independent-samples Mann-Whitney U test to learn whether there was any connection between digitalization and financial sustainability. Our findings indicate that 42% of the businesses that participated in the study obtained benefits by using digitalization as a crisis management tool during the Covid-19 pandemic period, but 38% of the respondents did not report any significant changes in their businesses despite increased digitalization efforts. Moreover, 20% of the businesses examined experienced negative changes after digitalization. The results of the independent-samples Mann-Whitney U test indicated that those businesses that had high scores before and after the increased digitalization efforts during the Covid-19 pandemic, achieved higher median profits, while the businesses with lower scores experienced a financial loss. As can be seen from the results, the chances of benefiting from digitalization are rather uncertain for local businesses. The main policy conclusion from this study is that businesses in Azerbaijan need to address the digitization challenge comprehensively to increase benefits and reduce costs. The results of our study are useful for business owners, policy makers, and top managers when developing strategies for enterprise-level digitization, especially during and after viral outbreaks.
</abstract>

Digitalization and the Covid-19-Led Public Crisis Management: An Evaluation of Financial Sustainability in the Azerbaijan Business Sector

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Jan Tinbergen was the first Nobel prize winner in economics. He shared that honor with Ragnar Frisch. The focus of their research that earned the Nobel prize, was “pioneering work in the field of econometric, the field at the intersection of statistics, mathematics, and economic theory” (p. 125). Erwin Dekker, a cultural economist provides this very comprehensive book about Jan Tinbergen. Dekker is on the faculty of Erasmus University, in Rotterdam, Netherlands.
</abstract>

Book Review on Prof. Dr. Erwin Dekker (2021). <italic>Jan Tinbergen (1903-1994) and the Rise of Economic Expertise</italic>. Cambridge University Press, 2021

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The paper emphasizes the importance of human health as the most valuable, most important resource at the individual and national level, affecting the country’s socio-economic development and competitiveness. It states that it is necessary for the actors ensuring the public health system to form a new concept for the functioning of the health system, taking into account the current state of public health, the functioning of medical institutions, and the resource support of the healthcare industry. The primary purpose is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications dealing with the global behavioral and social dimension of the public health system. The systematization of literary achievements and approaches to solving this problem has been carried out, which indicates the need for proper attention and high-quality, conceptual, international research by world scientists on issues related to the state and level of public health, satisfaction with the healthcare system. The relevance of the analysis of research on the behavioral and social dimension of the public health system of the world implies that the further development of the healthcare industry necessitates research, intensive development, and dissemination of available scientific and methodological international experience in solving this issue of the public health system in different countries worldwide. The research consisted of four stages. A map of the interrelationships of key concepts with other scientific categories has been constructed; a content-contextual study of the constructed blocks of bibliometric analysis has been implemented; an inter-cluster analysis has been carried out. A map of the interrelationships of the key concepts under study with other scientific categories has been constructed, reflecting the dynamics in the form of a contextual-time block; the evolutionary-time prospects of the study have been determined. A geographically extensive map of the scientific bibliography of the categories under study has been constructed; the spatial component of the study has been analyzed. A territorially branched map of the spatio-temporal dimension of the category under the study in dynamics has been constructed. The methodological tools of the research are theoretical (grouping, abstraction, synthesis) and empirical methods (observation, description), research methods, services of the Scopus information platform, and VOSViewers tools.1.6.15. The study was conducted based on the publications indexed by the Scopus database for 2000-2020. The objects of research were the following scientific categories: “health care system, medical services, behavioral aspect, social aspect,” the countries United States, Germany, Norway, Greece, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, India, Netherlands, China, Brazil, Switzerland, Denmark, Belgium, Iran, Japan, Italy, Spain, because these two groups of objects allowed to conduct two-directional analysis of the problem under study. The results of the bibliometric analysis presented in the paper showed that the aspect of the behavioral and social dimension of the public health system was relatively young and insufficiently developed; the attention of the scientific community for a long time on this issue was mainly concentrated in the United States and the United Kingdom. China, Iran, and Japan were less involved in this process at an earlier time interval, but this research became relevant for them in recent years. The study results can be used to identify the most potential priority areas for forming the policy and strategy of the state health system, based on determining the main significant, modern, relevant characteristics of the healthcare industry.
</abstract>

Bibliometric Analysis of Research of the Behavioral and Social Dimension of the Public Health System of the World

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The study aimed to identify the impact of human resources empowerment in achieving the strategic goals of business companies in the Gaza Strip. The researcher chose three dimensions of empowerment, and after reviewing the scientific references and previous scientific studies that dealt with the subject to measure their role in achieving the strategic goals of business companies.
The study reached a few results, the most important of which are :
The study showed that the level of importance of (information sharing, freedom and independence, work teams) in business companies in the Gaza Strip was high, and this can be explained by the importance of each of the dimensions of employee empowerment, and thus is reflected in the achievement of strategic goals. The study showed that the freedom and independence of workers in business companies in the Gaza Strip was moderate, and this is because the management of these companies gives freedom and independence to the employee to act in situations that confront them during their work, but it is not absolutely free, due to the sensitivity and importance of private work.
The study came out with several recommendations, the most prominent of which were:
Increasing the principle of freedom and independence and making more spaces available for employees, especially those on the front lines. Attention must be paid when forming work teams that their role should be to achieve the general goals of the company in general, and to reach the strategic goals in particular.
Intensifying and deepening the effective and efficient sharing of information between the various administrative levels, and urging workers and employees to the principle of innovation at work in line with the nature and mission of the company.
</abstract>

Empowering Human Resources to Achieve the Strategic Goals of Business Companies

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The purpose of this study was to offer a new approach to evaluate the index of ISO 9001 standard, as so far countries are listed for the ISO 9001 standard based only on the number of ISO 9001 certificates issued for each country, and this perception does not correspond to reality, because some countries that are listed per alphabetic order on top, doesn’t enjoy the property of having a better ranking when it comes to rank countries per number of ISO 9001 certificates issues, or when it comes to rank countries about their weight on the issue. On the other side, listing countries simply by the number of ISO 9001 certificates issued, doesn’t reflect the real weight of countries on the issue, because this rank should be adjusted with the number of businesses of countries taken into consideration, better understanding of ranking models used. A new approach to ranking countries about this issue is needed, reflecting the issue of taking into consideration the number of ISO 9001 certificates issued in a country per number of businesses in that country, as a better way of evaluating the index of ISO 9001 standard. The methodology/method used to conduct this study were (1) the data collection on the number of ISO 9001 certificates issued per country, (2) the data collection on the number of businesses in each country, (3) the division of the number of ISO 9001 certificates issued with the number of businesses, (4) construction of a new ranking list of countries based on the ISO 9001 standard index, (5) inversing the list to give the right value/rank of countries, and graphics draw of the new approach for better visualization and understanding the issue. The main conclusion of this study is that a new approach is needed to evaluate the index of ISO 9001 standard as a more appropriate indicator for listing/ranking countries and this serves all those interested in the academic field, public administration, and the reports and studies of the national and international level of organizations, to create a better perception of doing business in general and on the aspects of quality management in particular, especially when it comes to making the most appropriate comparisons between countries on these issues, weighting them numerically and graphically, as well as helps on understanding, and for a better approaching of socio and economic issues related to ISO standards and continuous improvement of people and organizations.
</abstract>

A New Approach to Evaluate the Index of ISO 9001 Standard

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SocioEconomic Challenges (SEC)

 SocioEconomic Challenges Journal (SEC) is a scientific peer-reviewed journal. This journal is published quarterly (four times a year) by Sumy State University (Ukraine).  ...

 SocioEconomic Challenges Journal (SEC) is a scientific peer-reviewed journal. This journal is published quarterly (four times a year) by...

SocioEconomic Challenges (SEC)

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